Phenotype of Urine Sediment Cells in Patients with Bladder Cancer.

Phenotype of urine sediment cells were studied in patients with bladder cancer depending on the cancer stage and recurrence prognosis. In T1N0M0 stage, the number of lymphocytes decreased, in T2N0M0 stage, the most pronounced shift was an increase in the number of erythrocytes. Irrespectively of the disease stage, we observed increased number of innate immunity cells and cells that inhibit antitumor immunity in the composition of the leukocyte fraction of urine sediment cells. At T1N0M0 stage, the epithelial-endothelial fraction was characterized by increased content of cells expressing CD13 marker (responsible for tumor growth and metastasis) and reduced number of cells expressing CD15 marker (responsible for intercellular adhesion). In patients developing relapse of bladder cancer, the number of lymphocytes was decreased in urine sediment cells and the number of epithelial and endothelial cells expressing CD13 marker was increased.

[Lymphocytes enzymatic status and peripheral blood neutrophils oxygen-dependent metabolism in patients with renal cancer]. / Osobennosti énzimaticheskogo statusa limfotsitov i kislorodzavisimogo metabolizma neitrofilov perifericheskoi krovi u bol'nykh rakom pochki.

The immune system, one of the most important homeostatic organism systems, is actively involved in the protection against malignant tumors. The earliest sighs of immune homeostasis disorders should be invetigated at the cellular level, because of cell functional manifestations depend on the state of intracellular metabolic reactions. The study of lymphocyte NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases activity and peripheral blood neutrophils oxygen-dependent metabolism in patients with renal cellular carcinoma (RCC) showed a decrease in the intensity of ribose-5-phosphate and NADH-dependent synthetic processes, inhibition of terminal reactions of glycolysis. Altered activities of the studied enzymes favor an increase in outflow of intermediates of the Krebs cycle on the reaction of amino acid metabolism in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Radical nephrectomy was accompanied by increased activity of glycolysis. The basal level chemiluminescent of peripheral neutrophils of RCC patients response was higher both before and after operations. Stimulation of neutrophils by opsonized zymosan in vitro leads to increase in oxidative metabolism activity, most in 14 days after surgery period. Before and 30 days after surgery, adaptive metabolic capabilities of neutrophilic granulocytes decreased.

[The Evaluation of Medical Demographic and Economic Losses of the Region Conditioned by Mortality of Lung Cancer].

The article presents evaluation of medical demographic and economic losses of population of the Krasnoyarskii kraii conditioned by mortality of lung cancer in 2010-2014 using DALY technology. In the Krasnoyarskii kraii, during 2010-2014 64,712 individuals died because of lung cancer. The mortality of male population surpasses corresponding indices of mortality of females up to 3.9 times. In the region, the standardized indicator mortality of lung cancer among males annually surpasses the same indicator among females at maximum up to 8.1 times. The DALY maximal absolute losses of among males were registered in 2010 and 2013 and fell on age group of 55-59 years and among females on the age group of 60-64 years in 2014. The maximal (up to 5.2 times) difference in values of DALY indicator was established in 2010 between male and female population. the maximal gap in in DALY indices between male and female population was established in the age of 55-59 years. Almost half of DALY losses among males was established in 2013 and among females in 2014. The total losses of gross regional product in the region because of mortality conditioned by lung cancer made up to 29.8 billions of rubles in 2010-2014.

[DNA aptamers selection for breast cancer]. / Selektsiia dnk-aptamerov dlia diagnostiki raka molochnoi zhelezy.

A method of selection of DNA aptamers to breast tumor tissue based on the use of postoperative material has been developed. Breast cancer tissues were used as the positive target; the negative targets included benign tumor tissue, adjacent healthy tissues, breast tissues from mastopathy patients, and also tissues of other types of malignant tumors. During selection a pool of DNA aptamers demonstrating selective binding to breast cancer cells and tissues and insignificant binding to breast benign tissues has been obtained. These DNA aptamers can be used for identification of protein markers, breast cancer diagnostics, and targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.

[Changes in functional activity of neutrophils in peripheral blood of patients with renal cell cancer in the course of the disease].

OBJECTIVE: Research purpose was to study phagocytic activity and a oxygen depended metabolism of blood neutrophils (NF) at patients with a renal cell carcinoma in dynamics - before operation and after surgical treatment. METHODs; Patients with a locally invasive renal cell carcinoma (T3N0M0) were put under observation before surgical treatment (n =84) and in 10 days after a radical nephrectomy (n =54) at the age of 45-55 years. The 56 conditionally healthy donors combine into the control group. Indicators of functional activity, the spontaneous and induced lyuminol- and lyutsigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CHL) NF of pedipheral blood was studied. RESULTS: During the period before operation time of an exit to a maximum of spontaneous and stimulated lyuminol-dependent HL is slowed down (p <0.004 and p <0.006 respectively); indicators of the area of lyutsigenin-dependent HL NF of blood concerning indicators of control group are increased (p <0.01 for spontaneous, p <0.004 for the reaction induced by lyutsigenin). In 10 days after surgical treatment the quantity of active ingestion rate decreased (p <0.017 in the test with S. epidermidis, p <0.036 for test with latex); time of an exit to a maximum of spontaneous and stimulated lyuminol-dependent remained increased (p <0.006 and p <0.008 respectively) in comparison with indicators of healthy donors. The amount of an index of activation of lyuminol-dependent as in comparison with control (p <0.037), and relative to the period before operation increased (p <0.048). The area of spontaneous lyutsigenin-dependent HL NF of blood relative to indicators of control group was still increased (p <0.011), decrease in this parameter in comparison with amount of group before operation was however registered (p <0.004). CONCLUSION: At patients with renal cell carcinoma in 10 days after surgical treatment of NF of blood were characterized by the strengthened production of high-energy oxidizers and the reduced phagocytic activity that testifies to a functional and metabolic imbalance.

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in erythrocytes of patients with renal cell carcinoma.

For evaluation lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of red blood cells, 150 patients with locally advanced renal cell carcinoma were examined. The content of conjugated dienes, MDA, and reduced glutathione and activities of SOD, catalase, and glutathione metabolism enzymes were determined. It was found that the balance between pro- and anti-oxidants in patients with kidney cancer differed significantly from that of healthy people and little changed during the observation.

[Comparative analysis of the functional activity of neutrophil granulocytes from blood of patients with renal cell carcinoma before and after the surgical treatment]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz funktsional'noi aktivnosti neitrofil'nykh granulotsitov krovi bol'nykh pochechno-kletochnym rakom do i posle operativnogo lecheniia.

Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were examined by the chemiluminescent analysis before and after surgery. The cells of subjects with the discussed pathology were found to be in the state of functionally metabolic misbalance, i.e. an increased initial level of the synthesis of active oxygen with a relatively reduced cell reactivity when additionally stimulated. Such specificity of neutrophil granulocytes of peripheral blood is more pronounced in RCC patients after surgery. Supposedly, the above phenomenon is preconditioned by a lack of metabolic reserves that could provide an adequate functional response to extra stimulation and it develops due to a prolonged tumor progression and stress brought about by surgical intervention.