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1.
Future Microbiol ; 16(2): 71-81, 2021 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33459560

RESUMEN

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of midazolam, alone and in association with azoles, against isolates of clinical Candida spp. in planktonic and biofilm form. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity was observed using the broth microdilution technique. Flow cytometry tests were performed to investigate the probable mechanism of action and the comet test and cytotoxicity test were applied to evaluate DNA damage. Results: Midazolam (MIDAZ) showed antifungal activity against planktonic cells (125-250 µg/ml) and reduced the viability of Candida spp. biofilms (125 a 2500 µg/ml). The interaction of MIDAZ against Candida spp. biofilms was observed through scanning electron microscopy, causing alteration of their appearance. Therefore, MIDAZ has antifungal potential against Candida spp.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Candidiasis/microbiología , Midazolam/farmacología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Candida/genética , Candida/crecimiento & desarrollo , Candida/fisiología , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica , Fluconazol/farmacología , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
2.
Future Microbiol ; 15: 1543-1554, 2020 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33215521

RESUMEN

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the antifungal effect of ß-lapachone (ß-lap) on azole-resistant strains of Candida spp. in both planktonic and biofilm form. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of ß-lap was evaluated by broth microdilution, flow cytometry and the comet assay. The cell viability of the biofilms was assessed using the MTT assay. Results: ß-lap showed antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida spp. in planktonic form. In addition, ß-lap decreased the viability of mature biofilms and inhibited the formation of biofilms in vitro. Conclusion: ß-lap showed antifungal activity against Candida spp., suggesting that the compound can be utilized as an adjunct agent in the treatment of candidiasis.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Azoles/farmacología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica , Naftoquinonas/farmacología , Candida/fisiología , Candidiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Candidiasis/microbiología , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
3.
Future Microbiol ; 15: 1611-1619, 2020 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33215536

RESUMEN

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the anesthetic etomidate against strains of MRSA and biofilms. Materials & methods: The antibacterial effect of etomidate was assessed by the broth microdilution method. To investigate the probable action mechanism of the compound flow cytometry techniques were used. Results: MRSA strains showed MIC equal to 500 and 1000 µg/ml of etomidate. Four-fifths (80%) of the tested MRSA strains demonstrated synergistic effect with oxacillin. Etomidate also showed activity against MRSA biofilm at concentration of 250 µg/ml. Cytometric analysis revealed that the cells treated with etomidate leading to cell death, probably by apoptosis. Conclusion: Etomidate showed antibacterial activity against MRSA.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Etomidato/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/crecimiento & desarrollo , Oxacilina/farmacología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/fisiología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología
4.
Future Microbiol ; 14: 1477-1488, 2019 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31916846

RESUMEN

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of etomidate alone and in combination with azoles on resistant strains of Candida spp. in both planktonic cells and biofilms. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of etomidate was assessed by the broth microdilution test; flow cytometric procedures to measure fungal viability, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, free radical generation and cell death; as well detection of DNA damage using the comet assay. The interaction between etomidate and antifungal drugs (itraconazole and fluconazole) was evaluated by the checkerboard assay. Results: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida spp. in planktonic cells and biofilms. Etomidate also presented synergism with fluconazole and itraconazole in planktonic cells and biofilms. Conclusion: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against Candida spp., indicating that it is a possible therapeutic alternative.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Azoles/farmacología , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica , Etomidato/farmacología , Fluconazol/farmacología , Animales , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cricetinae , Daño del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Descubrimiento de Drogas , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Pulmón/citología , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
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