RESUMEN
Background: The development of early carious lesions can be prevented with the use of sealants. This study aimed to evaluate the retention and sealant quality of conventional and bioactive self-etching sealants by direct (clinical) and indirect (microscopical) assessment. Materials and Methods: Sixty newly erupted mandibular second molars (International Caries Detection and Assessment System ≤2) from adolescents were selected for the split-mouth trial study. The tooth was randomized and treated with conventional Fluoroshield (FS) and BeautiSealant (BS) bioactive self-etching sealants. Molds were taken and cast with epoxy resin after treatment. Indirect and direct assessments of retention degree and sealant remnant quality were performed after baseline, 1 month, and 1 year. The Chi-square test, ordinal regression, reasons of chance, and Fleiss' kappa statistical test were employed. Results: After 1 month, greater total retention was observed for FS, but 1-year follow-up demonstrated no retention difference for FS and BS. The odds ratios showed an 86% greater chance of FS showing better marginal adaptation, after 1 month. At 1 year, the clinical assessment showed better anatomical shape and marginal adaptation scores for FS, but no microscopical difference was observed. A pour agreement between clinical and microscopical data was observed. Conclusions: The 1-year follow-up showed no significant difference in the degree of retention, and in the microscopic evaluation of the conventional sealant (FS) and the bioactive self-etching sealant (BS), but in the clinical evaluation, better marginal and anatomical adaptation scores for FS were observed.
RESUMEN
Developing dental materials for the prevention of remineralization or demineralization is important for high-risk caries patients. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological effects of adding 45S5 bioglass to resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). Samples belonged to the following groups: GIC: conventional glass ionomer cement (Vitro Fil), RMGIC: resin-modified GIC (Vitro Fil LC), and RMGIC/45S5: RMGIC with 10% (wt %) of 45S5. Changes in pH and release of fluoride, calcium, and phosphorus ions under acidic (pH 4) and neutral (pH 7) pH conditions were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was verified based on colony-forming units. Material sorption and solubility were analyzed after bacterial exposure. After 28 days, the bioactivity of the materials was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Analysis of variance, post hoc Scheffe, and Tukey (α = 0.05) tests were employed for statistical analysis. RMGIC/45S5 showed higher alkalization activity, calcium release at pH 4 and 7, and sorption than GIC and RMGIC (p < .05). Release of phosphorus and fluoride at pH 4 and 7 was higher for GIC than that for RMGIC and RMGIC/45S5 (p < .05). RMGIC/45S5 showed higher values than RMGIC (p < .05). However, antibacterial activity did not differ among the groups. Precipitates of calcium and phosphorus were visualized in RMGIC/45S5 samples via SEM/EDS. These results indicate that the RMGIC/45S5 promotes alkalization and increases the release of calcium, phosphorus, and fluoride ions, resulting in precipitate deposition rich in calcium and phosphorus, thereby being a promising option to improve the bioactivity of RMGIC.
