RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To develop a method that measures nursing potential through the factor analysis of relevant nursing data and social context by taking maternal mortality as the study problem. METHODS: A Cross-sectional and analytical study, a multivariate analysis was performed. The Nursing Coverage Index, the Human Development Index, population density and the proportion of nurses with a bachelor's degree or upper degree, are studied by federative entity, only data from government sources are used. The Index of Nursing Qualification in Mexico (INQM) was constructed through principal component analysis. RESULTS: The highest correlation was between the INQM and the Nursing Coverage Prioritization Index (NCPI), which was 0.849 (P < 0.01) and showed a strong positive linear relationship. The Population Density Prioritization Index (PDPI) shows a strong positive correlation with the INQM (0.716, P < 0.01). Three factors were extracted by principal component analysis and the INQM was generated with the three main components in a model. There is very low correlation between INQM and maternal mortality rate (MMR) and no statistical significance was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that nursing qualification must include economic, geographic and social variables. The INQM is an indicator that summarises the potential of each federative entity. Given these results, a contribution is provided for the application of these indices, which can help determine nursing potential in a specific geographical region.
RESUMEN
Resumen
Introducción: la diabetes mellitus (DM2) es uno de los principales problemas de salud, debido a los altos costos de atención por su acelerado crecimiento, complicaciones, discapacidad o muerte temprana. El cuidado de enfermería es en sí la máxima expresión del humanismo que el gremio aporta a la salud y al bienestar de las personas; mejor aún, si este se vincula con el fundamento teórico disciplinar, se integran las bases epistémicas que coadyuvan a la consolidación profesional.
Desarrollo: el propósito del presente trabajo es construir una propuesta de plan domiciliario de autocuidado para pacientes adultos mayores ambulatorios con DM2 mediante la integración taxonómica de los diagnósticos de enfermería (NANDA), los resultados esperados (NOC) y las intervenciones de enfermería (NIC).
Conclusiones: la presente propuesta constituye una guía y su aplicación dependerá de las necesidades de cada paciente en lo individual, en el entorno familiar y en el de la atención a la salud. La expectativa de su aplicación es el cuidado domiciliario de las personas adultas mayores con DM2; su fundamento es la educación para el autocuidado de la persona y su familia, más allá del ámbito clínico hospitalario, con la participación de todos los involucrados, en acciones concretas a nivel familiar e individual.
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM2) is one of the main health problems, due to the high costs of care resulting from to its rapid growth, complications, disability and/or early death. Nursing care is in itself the highest expression of humanism that the guild brings to the health and well-being of people; better still, if this is linked to the theoretical disciplinary foundation, it is when the epis- temic bases that contribute to professional consolidation are integrated.
Development: The purpose of the present study is to construct a proposal for a self-care home plan for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through the taxonomic integration of nurs¬ing diagnoses (NANDA), expected results (NOC) and nursing interventions.
Conclusions: This proposal is a guide and its application will depend on the needs of each patient, their family and health care environments. The expectation of its application is the home care of the elderly with DM2; its foundation is the education for the self-care of the person and his family, beyond the hospital clinical scope, with the participation of all involved, in concrete actions at the family and individual level.