Detection of anti-Fasciola isotypes among patients with fascioliasis before and after treatment with Mirazid.

Stool examination using modified Kato thick smear method was performed to detect Fasciola eggs and other parasites. Abdominal pain was the major presenting symptom (87.7%) followed by pallor (83.3%) and fever (16.7%). Anaemia and hepatomegaly were recorded in 77.7% of patients compared to 27.7% with splenomegaly. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed hepatomegaly and common bile duct dilatation in 77.7% of patients. Moreover, 5 cases showed diagnostic. Olympic game rings All patients had positive IgG4 levels, 55 cases were positive for specific total IgG and IgG1, whereas, only 24 cases had positive IgG2 levels (26.6%). All negative control group showed no cross reactions. On the other hand, ELISA detecting IgG4 showed the highest specificity (95%), followed by IgG2 (85%) and the least specific test was obtained with detection of IgG (70%) and IgG1 (65%). One month after treatment, 91.1% of patients (82/90) were completely cured and even after another two months follow-up. In completely cured patients none of anti-Fasciola isotypes was significantly changed. So, detection of anti-Fasciola isotypes especially IgG4 is very specific for the accurate diagnosis of human fascioliasis.

Genotyping of human giardiasis in relation to anti-Giardia secretory IgA and mucosal histopathology.

Comparative study between the prevalence of pathological grading and Giardia genotypes revealed that, in patients infected with Giardia group I and II, out of patients having Giardia genotype I the prevalence of grade 0 was 13.16%, grade I was 21.05%, grade II was 47.37%, grade III was 13.16% and grade IV was 2.26% in comparison to 0%, 30.77%, 46.15%, 7.69% and 15.38% in genotype II (13 patients) and 10%, 40%, 20%, 20% and 10% in group III (10 patients) also in relation to 25%, 43.75%, 18.75%, 6.25% and 6.25% in mixed genotype infections group (16 patients) and 25%, 25%, 35.71%, 10.71% and 3.57% in undetermined infection group (28 patients) for grade 0, I, II, III & IV pathology respectively. There was no statistically significant difference regarding the prevalence of pathological grading in different Giardia genotypes in Gs I & II (P > 0.05). The mean OD of anti-Giardia secretory IgA in relation to Giardia genotypes in patients infected with Giardia Gs I & II was significantly different in the mean OD values of anti-Giardia secretory IgA in patients with different Giardia genotypes which were 1.091 +/- 0.377, 1.079 +/- 0.474, 1.524 +/- 0.503, 1.292 +/- 0.472 & 1.004 +/- 0.31 groups of genotype I, II, III, mixed genotypes infection and undetermined infection group respecttively (P > 0.05), being more increased in patients infected with Giardia genotype III and in mixed genotype infection.

Eucalyptus globulus (camphor oil) against the zoonotic scabies, Sarcoptes scabiei.

In Egypt, Scarcoptes scabiei is the most prevalence mites of medical importance infesting man. This is true in overcrowded and poorly hygienic areas. Many effective acaridical regimens are available, but being compounds used as insecticides. With the success of camphor oil in treated human demodicidosis, it was applied for treating human scabies. Camphor oil with or without glycerol dilutions gave complete cure, with concentrations (100%, 75% and 50%) within five to ten days.

Fasciola immature stages sought in Lymnaea species and Biomphalaria species in the water bodies of Dakahlia Governorate.

Examination of the five different water bodies in Dakahlia governorate, revealed four species of Lymnaea. These were L. natalensis (68.4%). L. truncatula (16%), L. stagnalis (12.2%) and L. columella (3.4%). Also, two species of Biomphalaria were recovered. These were B. alexandrina (54.7%) and B. glabrata (45.3%). Examination of all these snails showed natural infection with immature stages of Fasciola sp. in 5.5% of L. natalensis (= cailliaudi), 3.1% in L. truncatula and 0.67% in B. alexandrina. The importance of these snails in dissemination and spreading of fascioliasis was discussed.