Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 59
Filtrar
1.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 44(1): 113-120, Feb. 2024. tab, graf
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-231307

RESUMEN

Introducción: La inseguridad alimentaria nutricional (IAN) es un problema complejo que conlleva a adaptaciones económicas, alimentarias y fisiológicas en las personas, pudiendo impactar negativamente en su estado de salud según el contexto particular.Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la inseguridad alimentaria nutricional (IAN) y el riesgo metabólico en mujeres adultas de Lima.Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico transversal, con una población de 373 mujeres adultas fueron seleccionadas 186 que eran atendidas por establecimientos de salud públicos en distritos de Lima. El nivel de IAN se midió con la Escala Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Seguridad Alimentaria (ELCSA) y el riesgo metabólico con el test Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC). Se usó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para medir la asociación y la Razón de Prevalencia (RP) para determinar la probabilidad de presentar mayor riesgo metabólico.Resultados: El 96.8% de mujeres tuvo algún nivel de IAN: 34.9% severa, 33.9% moderada y 28% leve. La prevalencia de mujeres con riesgo metabólico alto y muy alto fue de 59.2%. La asociación entre IAN moderada (RP: 2.15, IC: 1.34-3.43) y severa (RP: 2.98, IC: 1.93-4.63) con el riesgo metabólico fue significativa.Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que el riesgo metabólico se asocia con la IAN en mujeres adultas de Lima. En ese sentido, identificar la IAN pudiese tener implicaciones positivas en la prevención de un problema importante de salud pública.(AU)


Introduction: Food and nutrition insecurity (FNI) is acomplex problem that entails economic, nutritional and phys-iological adaptations in people, which might negatively im-pacts their health status according to the particular context. Objective: To determine the association between FNI andmetabolic risk in adult women in Lima.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observationalanalytical study was conducted, the sample was made up of186 women assisted in public health establishments in dis-tricts of Lima. FNI level was assessed using the LatinAmerican and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA) and themetabolic risk with the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score test (FINDRISC). Chi square test was used to assess the association and Prevalence Ratio (PR) to determine the probability ofpresenting a higher metabolic risk. Results: 96.8% of women showed some level of FNI:34.9% severe, 33.9% moderate and 28% mild. The preva-lence of women with high and very high metabolic risk was59.2%. The association between moderate (PR: 2.15, CI:1.34-3.43) and severe (PR: 2.99, CI: 1.93-4.63) FNI withmetabolic risk was significant. Conclusions: The results indicate that metabolic risk is asociated with FNI in adult women from Lima. Therefore, theidentification of FNI would be positive implications in the pre-vention of an important public health problem.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Desnutrición , Pobreza , Enfermedades no Transmisibles , Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Ciencias de la Nutrición , Perú , Salud de la Mujer , Estudios Transversales
2.
Int J Equity Health ; 22(1): 184, 2023 09 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37670356

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Water security is necessary for good health, nutrition, and wellbeing, but experiences with water have not typically been measured. Given that measurement of experiences with food access, use, acceptability, and reliability (stability) has greatly expanded our ability to promote food security, there is an urgent need to similarly improve the measurement of water security. The Water InSecurity Experiences (WISE) Scales show promise in doing so because they capture user-side experiences with water in a more holistic and precise way than traditional supply- side indicators. Early use of the WISE Scales in Latin American & the Caribbean (LAC) has revealed great promise, although representative data are lacking for most of the region. Concurrent measurement of experiential food and water insecurity has the potential to inform the development of better-targeted interventions that can advance human and planetary health. MAIN TEXT: On April 20-21, 2023, policymakers, community organizers, and researchers convened at Universidad Iberoamericana in Mexico City to discuss lessons learned from using experiential measures of food and water insecurity in LAC. At the meeting's close, organizers read a Declaration that incorporated key meeting messages. The Declaration recognizes the magnitude and severity of the water crisis in the region as well as globally. It acknowledges that traditional measurement tools do not capture many salient water access, use, and reliability challenges. It recognizes that the WISE Scales have the potential to assess the magnitude of water insecurity more comprehensively and accurately at community, state, and national levels, as well as its (inequitable) relationship with poverty, poor health. As such, WISE data can play an important role in ensuring more accountability and strengthening water systems governance through improved public policies and programs. Declaration signatories express their willingness to promote the widespread use of the WISE Scales to understand the prevalence of water insecurity, guide investment decisions, measure the impacts of interventions and natural shocks, and improve public health. CONCLUSIONS: Fifty-three attendees endorsed the Declaration - available in English, Spanish and Portuguese- as an important step to making progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6, "Clean Water and Sanitation for All", and towards the realization of the human right to water.


Asunto(s)
Política Pública , Inseguridad Hídrica , Humanos , América Latina , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Región del Caribe
3.
Food Sci Nutr ; 11(8): 4583-4595, 2023 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37576039

RESUMEN

Edible insects, such as palm weevil larvae, have been promoted as an alternative source of nutrients in developing countries for their nutritional benefits, cost-effective rearing, and yearly availability. Unfortunately, consumer acceptance remains a barrier to their utilization. A supplemental palm weevil larvae and tomato paste were developed as part of efforts to understand whether incorporating edible insects into staple foods could help overcome this barrier. Palm weevil larvae flour and tomato paste were mixed in three formulations that had 8, 15, and 30% of palm weevil larvae flour. Samples were subjected to proximate and mineral content analyses and sensory evaluation. Among the blends, tomato paste containing 30% palm weevil larvae had the highest protein, fat, and total solids content as compared to unfortified tomato paste. Iron and zinc levels also increased with increasing levels of palm weevil larvae flour. Carbohydrate and crude fiber concentrations of the samples, however, decreased with increasing fortification levels. The overall acceptance and willingness to purchase fortified tomato paste as determined by sensory evaluation was high for all samples and increased with increasing knowledge about palm weevil larvae's nutritional benefits. Overall acceptance and willingness to purchase fortified tomato paste were significantly dependent on the samples' color and consumers' overall liking of the products. Tomato paste fortified with palm weevil larvae can provide a complementary source of iron for Ghanaians.

4.
Lancet Reg Health Am ; 23: 100521, 2023 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37275622

RESUMEN

Background: Malnutrition and food insecurity might be driven not only by individual factors but also by contextual conditions, such as area-level deprivation or vulnerability. This study aimed to analyze the association between area-level vulnerability and i) household food insecurity and ii) malnutrition in children in Medellin, Colombia, during the years 2017 and 2018. Methods: We obtained data from two different sources: the Living Standards Measurement Survey (LSMS) and the nutrition surveillance system of Medellin. The main outcomes were food insecurity in households with children and anthropometric indicators for children under five. The main predictor was area-level vulnerability. Mixed effects Poisson regression with robust standard errors models were conducted to test the association of quintiles of deprivation with each outcome. Findings: Households with children living in areas with the highest deprivation had 1.9 times the prevalence of food insecurity as compared to those living in areas with the lowest deprivation (PR 1.91, 95% CI 1.42-2.57). Similar results were observed for underweight/risk of underweight (PR 1.26, 95% CI 1.11-1.42), stunting/risk of stunting (PR 1.36, 95% CI 1.22-1.53) and stunting (PR 1.93 95% CI 1.55-2.39) among children under five. We found no consistent associations with wasting/risk of wasting or excess weight/risk of overweight across quintiles of deprivation. Interpretation: This study sheds light on the role of area-level vulnerability on malnutrition in children in Medellin, Colombia, showing a pattern of increasing prevalence of food insecurity, underweight and stunting by quintile of deprivation. Funding: Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+) and Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research (CHAIN).

5.
Public Health Nutr ; 26(11): 2294-2303, 2023 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36329635

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the association between depression and ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption as risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). DESIGN: A prospective community study. SETTING: Baseline data (2009-2010) from CARTaGENE community health study from Quebec, Canada, were used. Food and drink consumption was assessed using the Canadian-Diet History Questionnaire II and grouped according to their degree of processing by the NOVA classification, and participants were categorised into tertiles of UPF (g/d). Depression was defined using either a validated cut-off score on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or antidepressant use. The outcome was the incidence of T2D, examined in 3880 participants by linking survey data with administrative health insurance data. Cox regression models estimated the associations between UPF, depression and incident T2D. PARTICIPANTS: 40-69-year-old individuals at baseline. RESULTS: In total, 263 (6·8 %) individuals developed T2D. Participants with high depressive symptoms and high UPF consumption showed the highest risk for T2D (adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) = 1·58, 95 % CI (0·98, 2·68)), compared to those with low depressive symptoms and low UPF consumption. The risk for T2D was similar when high depressive symptoms and antidepressant use were combined with high UPF (aHR 1·62, 95 % CI (1·02, 2·57)). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that co-occurring depression and high UPF consumption were associated with a higher risk for T2D. Early management and monitoring of both risk factors might be essential for diabetes prevention.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Dieta , Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Estudios Prospectivos , Canadá , Quebec , Alimentos Procesados , Depresión , Comida Rápida , Manipulación de Alimentos , Antidepresivos
6.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 14: 1273433, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38264289

RESUMEN

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the association between depression, ultra-processed food consumption (UPFs), and the risk of developing diabetes-specific complications in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Baseline data came from the CARTaGENE study, a health survey of adults (40-69 years) in Quebec, Canada. The incidence of T2D complications was examined in N= 683 participants with T2D without complications at baseline by linking survey data with administrative health data. Food and drink consumption was assessed using the Canadian Diet History Questionnaire and categorized by NOVA classification. Participants were categorized into tertiles of UPFs consumption. Depression was defined as having elevated depressive symptoms based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or the use of antidepressant medications. Cox regression models were used to estimate the associations between UPFs, depression, and T2D complications. Results: In total, 105 individuals developed diabetes-related complications over a 7-year period. Participants with high depressive symptoms and high UPFs consumption had the highest risk for diabetes complications (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.07, 95% CI: 0.91 - 4.70), compared to participants with low depressive symptoms and low UPFs consumption. Higher risks for diabetes complications were observed when high depressive symptoms and antidepressant use were combined with high UPFs consumption (aHR 2.59, 95% CI: 1.32 - 5.06). Conclusion: This study indicates that those with co-occurring depression and high UPFs consumption have a greater risk of diabetes complications. Early management and monitoring of both risk factors might be essential to prevent diabetes complications.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Complicaciones de la Diabetes , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Adulto , Humanos , Antidepresivos , Canadá , Alimentos Procesados , Estudios Prospectivos , Quebec
7.
Eval Program Plann ; 94: 102116, 2022 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35868114

RESUMEN

Worldwide, there is currently an increasing demand for an active connection between the generation of innovations and the achievement of their escalation. Between 2015 and 2018 the scaling up of three varieties of yellow potatoes was carried out in Colombia within the framework of the "More Nutritious Potatoes" project, which had results beyond the objectives and goals proposed in a period of 28 months. One of the results of the project was the design of a Scaling-up model of innovations that linked agriculture with nutrition. This article answers the question: Which were the elements of the scaling-up model that allowed the results obtained in the More Nutritious Potatoes Project? To respond, a set of reference criteria was constructed from the literature. These criteria were contrasted with the theoretical project scaling-up model and its subsequent implementation in the field, using focus groups as a methodology and the model design analysis and its execution by the leaders and the evaluator of the project. The project's Scaling-up Model (SM) was found to include all benchmarks, in addition to identify three key elements that made the results possible: (i) the characteristics of the innovation, (ii) the trans-disciplinary work and (iii) facilitating elements of the process. The results of this exercise complement the evaluated scaling-up model and become benchmarks in the design of innovation scaling-up processes.


Asunto(s)
Agricultura , Humanos , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud
8.
Am J Prev Med ; 63(2): 301-311, 2022 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35660048

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: This study estimates the prevalence of food insecurity, mental well-being, and their associations among immigrants and compares the food insecurity-mental well-being associations with nonimmigrants globally and by region. METHODS: The Gallup World Poll data from 2014 to 2019 were analyzed in 2021. A total of 36,313 immigrants and 705,913 nonimmigrants were included. Food insecurity was measured by the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. Mental well-being was assessed using the Negative Experience Index and Positive Experience Index. A community attachment index was used to measure the living environment. Multilevel mixed-effect linear models were used to examine how the Negative Experience Index/Positive Experience Index was associated with food insecurity and the community attachment index in immigrants and nonimmigrants, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, survey years, and country fixed effects. The modifying effects of immigration status on food insecurity-mental well-being associations were tested. RESULTS: The weighted proportion of food insecurity among global immigrants was 38.6% during 2014-2019. In the pooled adjusted model, food insecurity was dose-responsively associated with greater Negative Experience Index and lower Positive Experience Index than the food-secure ref (p<0.001 for trend). Similar dose-response associations were observed in nonimmigrants and in region-specific analyses. Community attachment marginally affected the food insecurity-mental well-being associations (all p≤0.001 for interaction). Immigration status significantly modified the food insecurity-mental well-being associations in all analyses (all p=0.01 for interaction), and immigrants experienced poorer mental well-being than nonimmigrants at the same level of community attachment and food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS: Food insecurity is prevalent and is associated with poor mental well-being in immigrants worldwide. Future interventions are needed to alleviate food insecurity and promote community attachment to improve mental health among immigrants, especially in Asian and Pacific countries.


Asunto(s)
Emigrantes e Inmigrantes , Salud Mental , Inseguridad Alimentaria , Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Humanos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
9.
Food Nutr Bull ; 43(3): 251-270, 2022 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35610942

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In 2016, a Peace Agreement, explicitly addressing the right to food, was signed, marking the end of more than 50 years of armed conflict and the longest war in the Americas. The expectation was that the years to follow would be marked by rapid social and political change, with the potential to improve food security. OBJECTIVES: (i) Ascertain changes in the prevalence of food insecurity in Colombia between 2016 and 2019; (ii) examine which population subgroups (eg, urban women, rural women, urban men, and rural men) were most vulnerable; and (iii) determine significant individual-level factors predicting food insecurity in these 2 years. METHODS: This study used the Gallup World Poll 2016 and 2019 nationally representative samples of Colombian adults aged 15 and older for the analyses (n ≈ 1000 per year). Food insecurity was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Complex Samples (version 26). RESULTS: Food insecurity in Colombia increased by 7 percentage points between 2016 and 2019 (from 33% to 40%); women living in rural areas in 2019 reported the highest prevalence (50%). Results from logistic analysis confirm low income, unemployment, and lack of social support were significant predictors of food insecurity in both years. In 2019, gender, low education, and lack of autonomy were also significant predictors. Further research on the determinants of food insecurity is necessary to inform Colombian policies and programs that address food insecurity. The urgency to act is more apparent than ever, given the country's worsening food security profile.


Asunto(s)
Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Pobreza , Adulto , Colombia , Femenino , Inseguridad Alimentaria , Humanos , Masculino , Población Rural , Factores Socioeconómicos
10.
Public Health Nutr ; 24(17): 5826-5836, 2021 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34429176

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between household food insecurity and overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in Mexican adults. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: We analysed data from the Mexican Halfway National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016, a nationally representative survey that accounted for rural and urban areas in four regions of Mexico: North, Centre, Mexico City and South. PARTICIPANTS: Adults from 20 to 59 years old (n 5456, which represents 45 804 210 individuals at the national level). RESULTS: 70·8 % of the Mexican adults had some degree of household food insecurity. This situation showed larger proportions (P < 0·05) among indigenous people, those living in a rural area, in the Southern region or the lowest socio-economic quintiles. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was higher in female adults (P < 0·001), with the highest proportions occurring among those experiencing severe household food insecurity. Among women, mean BMI and waist circumference were higher as household food insecurity levels increased (P < 0·001). According to multivariate logistic regression models, severe household food insecurity showed to be positively associated with obesity (OR: 2·36; P = 0·001) in Mexican adult females. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm the association between household food insecurity and obesity among Mexican women. Given the socio-demographic characteristics of the food-insecure population, it is alarming that prevailing socio-economic inequalities in the country might also be contributing to the likelihood of obesity. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain and bolster surveillance systems to track both problems and implement adequate policies and interventions.


Asunto(s)
Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Obesidad , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Inseguridad Alimentaria , Humanos , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto Joven
11.
Public Health Nutr ; 24(14): 4417-4429, 2021 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34218842

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine in Colombian rural households the association between different severity levels of household food insecurity and the presence of the double burden of malnutrition (SCOWT), defined as the coexistence of a stunted child under 5 years of age and an overweight or obese (OWOB) mother. DESIGN: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from the Colombian National Nutritional Survey (ENSIN) 2015. Household food insecurity status was assessed by using the Latin-American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The household SCOWT status (child stunting and OWOB mother) was determined using anthropometric data from a mother and her child. SETTING: Rural Colombia. PARTICIPANTS: Totally, 2·350 mother-child pairs living in the same household. RESULTS: Sixty-two per cent of the households were food-insecure and SCOWT was present in 7·8 % of the households. Moderate (OR: 2·39, 95 % CI (1·36, 4·21)) and severe (OR: 1·86, 95 % CI (1·10, 3·15)) food insecurity was associated with SCOWT in an unadjusted logistic regression. Only moderate food insecurity remained significantly associated with SCOWT in a multivariate logistic regression (adjusted OR: 2·41, 95 % CI (1·24, 4·68)). CONCLUSIONS: Colombian rural areas are not exempt from the worldwide concern of increasing OWOB rates while stunting is still persistent. These results highlight the need of implementing double-duty rural actions targeting the most vulnerable households to SCOWT, particularly in terms of overcoming food insecurity beyond hunger satisfaction to prevent all forms of malnutrition.


Asunto(s)
Inseguridad Alimentaria , Desnutrición , Colombia/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Humanos , Desnutrición/epidemiología , Estado Nutricional , Prevalencia , Factores Socioeconómicos
12.
SSM Popul Health ; 14: 100764, 2021 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33732866

RESUMEN

Youth in fragile settings face disproportionate risks of experiencing food insecurity and poor mental health. Cross-national evidence is lacking on the association between food insecurity and mental health in youth populations, and on state fragility as a social determinant of these experiences. We analysed data from six cycles of the Gallup World Poll (2014-2019), an annual survey that contains multi-item scales of food insecurity, mental health problems and positive wellbeing. The analytic sample included 164,118 youth aged 15-24 years in 160 states. We linked individual responses to state-level data from the Fragile States Index-an aggregate measure of state vulnerability to collapse or conflict (coded: sustainable, stable, warning, or alert) and estimated adjusted relative risk (RR) of food insecurity as a function of state fragility. We then used linear regression to examine associations of state fragility and food insecurity with mental health and wellbeing. The prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity rose from 22.93% in 2014 to 37.34% in 2019. State fragility (alert vs. sustainable) was related to an increased risk of food insecurity (RR = 2.28 [95% CI 1.30 to 4.01]), more mental health symptoms (b = 6.36 [95% CI 1.79 to 10.93]), and lower wellbeing (b = -4.49 [95% CI -8.28 to -0.70]) after controlling for state wealth and household income. Increased food insecurity (severe vs. none or mild) was uniquely related to more mental health symptoms (b = 18.44 [95% CI 17.24 to 19.64]) and reduced wellbeing (b = -9.85 [95% CI -10.88 to -8.83]) after state fragility was also controlled. Globally, youth experience better mental health where states are more robust and food access is more secure. The findings underscore the importance of strong governance and coordinated policy actions that may improve youth mental health.

13.
Adv Nutr ; 12(4): 1058-1073, 2021 07 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33601407

RESUMEN

Water security is a powerful concept that is still in its early days in the field of nutrition. Given the prevalence and severity of water issues and the many interconnections between water and nutrition, we argue that water security deserves attention commensurate with its importance to human nutrition and health. To this end, we first give a brief introduction to water insecurity and discuss its conceptualization in terms of availability, access, use, and stability. We then lay out the empirical grounding for its assessment. Parallels to the food-security literature are drawn throughout, both because the concepts are analogous and food security is familiar to the nutrition community. Specifically, we review the evolution of scales to measure water and food security and compare select characteristics. We then review the burgeoning evidence for the causes and consequences of water insecurity and conclude with 4 recommendations: 1) collect more water-insecurity data (i.e., on prevalence, causes, consequences, and intervention impacts); 2) collect better data on water insecurity (i.e., measure it concurrently with food security and other nutritional indicators, measure intrahousehold variation, and establish baseline indicators of both water and nutrition before interventions are implemented); 3) consider food and water issues jointly in policy and practice (e.g., establish linkages and possibilities for joint interventions, recognize the environmental footprint of nutritional guidelines, strengthen the nutrition sensitivity of water-management practices, and use experience-based scales for improving governance and regulation across food and water systems); and 4) make findings easily available so that they can be used by the media, community organizations, and other scientists for advocacy and in governance (e.g., tracking progress towards development goals and holding implementers accountable). As recognition of the importance of water security grows, we hope that so too will the prioritization of water in nutrition research, funding, and policy.


Asunto(s)
Seguridad Alimentaria , Agua , Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Humanos , Estado Nutricional , Abastecimiento de Agua
14.
Soc Sci Med ; 268: 113556, 2021 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33293171

RESUMEN

Food insecurity contributes to various stress-related health problems and previous research found that its association with mental illness is stronger in more affluent countries. We hypothesised that this pattern is a function of relative deprivation whereby the severity of individual food insecurity relative to others in a reference group determines its associations with mental health and wellbeing after differences in absolute food insecurity are controlled for. Using survey data from the Gallup World Poll collected in 160 countries and a measure of relative deprivation (Yitzhaki index), we found that relative food insecurity-based on national or regional reference groups-related to more mental health symptoms, lower positive wellbeing and lower life satisfaction after controlling for absolute food insecurity, household income, and country differences. Our analysis also found that relative food insecurity was more strongly related to mental health and wellbeing where the prevalence of food insecurity was lower. The findings underscore the negative health consequences of material deprivation and unfavourable social comparisons. Consistent with relative deprivation theory, individuals who live with constant worries about not getting enough food, have to skip meals, or face chronic hunger are deprived of material and social resources that support mental health and wellbeing, especially in settings where food insecurity is less common and potentially more stigmatised. The implications of these findings for global food policy and surveillance efforts are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos Mentales , Salud Mental , Ansiedad , Inseguridad Alimentaria , Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Humanos , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología
15.
Interface (Botucatu, Online) ; 25(supl.1): e200651, 2021. tab
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286901

RESUMEN

Enquanto crises econômicas desencadeiam o aumento da insegurança alimentar (IA) e da desigualdade de gênero (DG), o apoio social tem mostrado aliviar esses impactos. No entanto, diferentemente de outros choques econômicos, a pandemia de Covid-19 incluiu no cenário de crise o isolamento social. Este estudo utilizou dados de pesquisa transversal coletados em 18 países da América Latina (AL) para avaliar as mudanças nas percepções de DG e sua associação com a IA e o apoio social durante período de crise econômica na região. Os resultados mostraram aumentos graduais nas percepções de DG na AL e que os entrevistados com IA e baixo apoio social eram os mais propensos a perceber a DG. Mulheres são mais vulneráveis à IA e à violência doméstica, e o isolamento social pode ser um agravante. Políticas públicas devem garantir que mulheres tenham maior controle sobre a renda e bens produtivos. (AU)


Social support has been shown to mitigate increased food insecurity (FI) and gender inequality (GI) triggered by economic crises. However, unlike other shocks to the economy, the crisis triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic included social isolation. This study used data from a cross-sectional study collected in 18 countries in Latin America to evaluate changes in perceptions of GI and its association with FI and social support in the region during the economic crisis. The findings show a gradual increase in perceptions of GI in FI and that interviewees suffering from FI and low levels of social support were more likely to perceive GI. Women are more vulnerable to FI and domestic violence, and social isolation may be an aggravating factor. Public policy should ensure that women have greater control over income and productive assets. (AU)


Mientras que las crisis económicas desencadenan el aumento de la inseguridad alimentaria (IA) y la desigualdad de género (DG), el apoyo social muestra un alivio de esos impactos. Sin embargo, diferentemente de otros impactos económicos, la pandemia de Covid-19 incluyó en el escenario de crisis el aislamiento social. Este estudio utilizó datos de investigación transversal colectados en 18 países de AL, para evaluar los cambios en las percepciones de la DG y su asociación con la IA y el apoyo social durante el período de crisis económica en la región. Los resultados mostraron aumentos graduales en las percepciones de la DG en AL y que los entrevistados con IA y bajo apoyo social eran los más propensos a percibir la DG. Las mujeres son más vulnerables a la IA y a la violencia doméstica y el aislamiento social puede ser un agravante. Las políticas públicas deben asegurar que las mujeres tengan mayor control sobre los ingresos y los bienes productivos. (AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Apoyo Social , Inseguridad Alimentaria , COVID-19/complicaciones , Política Pública , Aislamiento Social , Violencia contra la Mujer , Recesión Económica , América Latina/epidemiología
16.
Cad Saude Publica ; 35(7): e00084118, 2019 07 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31365699

RESUMEN

This study sought to describe the changes in the food security status in Brazil before and during its most recent financial and political crisis, as well as to explore associations between food security and socioeconomic factors during the crisis. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from two different sources: the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey for 2004 (n = 112,479), 2009 (n = 120,910), and 2013 (n = 116,192); and the Gallup World Poll for 2015 (n = 1,004), 2016 (n = 1,002), and 2017 (n = 1,001). Household food security status was measured by a shorter version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, consisting of the first 8 questions of the original 14-item scale. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the changes in food security and their association with socioeconomic factors. Results suggest that during the crisis the percentage of households classified as food secure declined by one third (76% in 2013 to 49% in 2017) while severe food insecurity tripled (4% in 2013 to 12% in 2017). Whereas before the crisis (2013) 44% of the poorest households were food secure, by 2017 this decreased to 26%. Household income per capita was strongly associated with food security, increasing by six times the chances of being food insecure among the poorest strata. Those who reported a low job climate, social support or level of education were twice as likely to be food insecure. Despite significant improvements between 2004 and 2013, findings indicate that during the crisis Brazil suffered from a great deterioration of food security, highlighting the need for emergency policies to protect and guarantee access to food for the most vulnerable.


Asunto(s)
Recesión Económica , Composición Familiar , Abastecimiento de Alimentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas Epidemiológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Política , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pobreza/estadística & datos numéricos , Psicometría , Apoyo Social , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto Joven
17.
Glob Public Health ; 14(12): 1815-1828, 2019 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31088204

RESUMEN

Background: Although global efforts have resulted in improvements in health and well-being across the world, economic downturns can rapidly undermine achievements in this area. Methods: Using Gallup World Poll data (n = 7,084) this study assessed the changes in health status and well-being before (2009-2013) and during (2015-2017) the current financial and political crisis in Brazil and their association with the Social Determinants of Health Inequalities. Health and well-being were measured by the Personal Life Index and the Life Evaluation Index. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression models were conducted. Results: A significant deterioration of well-being was found during the crisis, with a 29% decline (63-44%) in the prevalence of respondents classified as 'thriving' in life. Food security, age and social support were the best predictors of health status and well-being, mitigating the association of health and well-being with income and unemployment. Education and community environment also showed strong association with well-being, and satisfaction with healthcare system played an important role in health status. Conclusions: In order to protect health and well-being during such crisis, policies should pay particular attention on enhancing the access to food, healthcare system, educational system, community environment (quality of air, water and infrastructure) and fostering social support.


Asunto(s)
Recesión Económica , Disparidades en el Estado de Salud , Política , Determinantes Sociales de la Salud , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Características Culturales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino
18.
BMJ Open ; 9(1): e023558, 2019 01 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30782708

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: A wide range of water-related problems contribute to the global burden of disease. Despite the many plausible consequences for health and well-being, there is no validated tool to measure individual- or household-level water insecurity equivalently across varying cultural and ecological settings. Accordingly, we are developing the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale to measure household-level water insecurity in multiple contexts. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: After domain specification and item development, items were assessed for both content and face validity. Retained items are being asked in surveys in 28 sites globally in which water-related problems have been reported (eg, shortages, excess water and issues with quality), with a target of at least 250 participants from each site. Scale development will draw on analytic methods from both classical test and item response theories and include item reduction and factor structure identification. Scale evaluation will entail assessments of reliability, and predictive, convergent, and discriminant validity, as well as the assessment of differentiation between known groups. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Study activities received necessary ethical approvals from institutional review bodies relevant to each site. We anticipate that the final HWISE Scale will be completed by late 2018 and made available through open-access publication. Associated findings will be disseminated to public health professionals, scientists, practitioners and policymakers through peer-reviewed journals, scientific presentations and meetings with various stakeholders. Measures to quantify household food insecurity have transformed policy, research and humanitarian aid efforts globally, and we expect that an analogous measure for household water insecurity will be similarly impactful.


Asunto(s)
Agua Potable/normas , Abastecimiento de Agua/normas , Técnica Delfos , Salud Global , Humanos , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , Estudios de Validación como Asunto
19.
Public Health Nutr ; 22(5): 874-881, 2019 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30394250

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to determine the relationship among food insecurity, social support and mental well-being in sub-Saharan Africa, a region presenting the highest prevalence of severe food insecurity and a critical scarcity of mental health care. DESIGN: Food insecurity was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Social support was assessed using dichotomous indicators of perceived, foreign perceived, received, given, integrative and emotional support. The Negative and Positive Experience Indices (NEI and PEI) were used as indicators of mental well-being. Multilevel mixed-effect linear models were applied to examine the associations between mental well-being and food security status, social support and their interaction, respectively, accounting for random effects at country level and covariates.ParticipantsNationally representative adults surveyed through Gallup World Poll between 2014 and 2016 in thirty-nine sub-Saharan African countries (n 102 235). RESULTS: The prevalence of severe food insecurity was 39 %. The prevalence of social support ranged from 30 to 72 % by type. In the pooled analysis using the adjusted model, food insecurity was dose-responsively associated with increased NEI and decreased PEI. Perceived, integrative and emotional support were associated with lower NEI and higher PEI. The differences in NEI and PEI between people with and without social support were the greatest among the most severely food insecure. CONCLUSIONS: Both food insecurity and lack of social support constitute sources of vulnerability to poor mental well-being. Social support appears to modify the relationship between food security and mental well-being among those most affected by food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa.


Asunto(s)
Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Estado de Salud , Salud Mental , Apoyo Social , Adulto , África del Sur del Sahara , Depresión , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
20.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 35(7): e00084118, 2019. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011705

RESUMEN

This study sought to describe the changes in the food security status in Brazil before and during its most recent financial and political crisis, as well as to explore associations between food security and socioeconomic factors during the crisis. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from two different sources: the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey for 2004 (n = 112,479), 2009 (n = 120,910), and 2013 (n = 116,192); and the Gallup World Poll for 2015 (n = 1,004), 2016 (n = 1,002), and 2017 (n = 1,001). Household food security status was measured by a shorter version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, consisting of the first 8 questions of the original 14-item scale. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the changes in food security and their association with socioeconomic factors. Results suggest that during the crisis the percentage of households classified as food secure declined by one third (76% in 2013 to 49% in 2017) while severe food insecurity tripled (4% in 2013 to 12% in 2017). Whereas before the crisis (2013) 44% of the poorest households were food secure, by 2017 this decreased to 26%. Household income per capita was strongly associated with food security, increasing by six times the chances of being food insecure among the poorest strata. Those who reported a low job climate, social support or level of education were twice as likely to be food insecure. Despite significant improvements between 2004 and 2013, findings indicate that during the crisis Brazil suffered from a great deterioration of food security, highlighting the need for emergency policies to protect and guarantee access to food for the most vulnerable.


O estudo teve como objetivos descrever as mudanças na segurança alimentar no Brasil antes e durante a mais recente crise financeira e política do país, além de explorar as associações entre segurança alimentar e fatores socioeconômicos durante a crise. Este estudo transversal analisou os dados de duas fontes diferentes: a Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios de 2004 (n = 112.479), 2009 (n = 120.910) e 2013 (n = 116.192) e a Pesquisa Mundial Gallup de 2015 (n = 1.004), 2016 (n = 1.002) e 2017 (n = 1.001). O nível de segurança alimentar domiciliar foi medido utilizando uma versão reduzida da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA), com as primeiras oito perguntas da escala original de 14 itens. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e de regressão logística para avaliar as mudanças na segurança alimentar e a associação com fatores socioeconômicos. Os resultados sugerem que durante a crise, o percentual de domicílios com segurança alimentar diminuiu em um terço (de 76% em 2013 para 49% em 2017), enquanto a insegurança alimentar grave triplicou (de 4% em 2013 para 12% em 2017). Antes da crise (2013), 44% dos domicílios apresentavam segurança alimentar, mas até 2017 essa proporção havia diminuído para 26%. A renda per capita domiciliar mostrou forte associação com a segurança alimentar, aumentando em seis vezes a probabilidade de insegurança alimentar entre os mais pobres. Aqueles que relatavam piores níveis de emprego, apoio social e escolaridade tiveram duas vezes mais probabilidade de sofrer de insegurança alimentar. Apesar de melhoras significativas entre 2004 e 2013, os achados indicam que durante a crise, o Brasil sofreu uma piora grave na segurança alimentar, reforçando a necessidade de políticas emergenciais para proteger e garantir o acesso à alimentação para os mais vulneráveis.


El objetivo de este estudio es describir los cambios en el estado de la seguridad alimentaria en Brasil antes y durante su más reciente crisis política y financiera, así como también analizar las asociaciones entre seguridad alimentaria y factores socioeconómicos durante la crisis. Este estudio transversal analizó datos de dos fuentes diferentes: la Encuesta Brasileña por Muestra de Domicilios en 2004 (n = 112.479), 2009 (n = 120.910) y 2013 (n = 116.192); y la Encuesta Mundial Gallup en 2015 (n = 1.004), 2016 (n = 1.002) y 2017 (n = 1.001). El estado de la seguridad alimentaria por hogar se midió mediante una versión acortada de la Escala Brasileña de Inseguridad Alimentaria, que consiste en las 8 primeras preguntas de la escala original con 14-ítems. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y por regresión logística para evaluar los cambios en la seguridad alimentaria y su asociación con factores socioeconómicos. Los resultados sugieren que durante la crisis el porcentaje de hogares clasificados como seguros respecto a la alimentación disminuyó en un tercio (del 76% en 2013 al 49% en 2017) mientras que la inseguridad alimentaria severa se triplicó (de un 4% en 2013 al 12% en 2017). Asimismo, antes de la crisis (2013) un 44% de los hogares más pobres contaban con seguridad alimentaria, pero en 2017 este número disminuyó al 26%. Los ingresos per cápita por hogar estuvieron fuertemente asociados con la seguridad alimentaria, incrementando seis veces más las posibilidades de sufrir inseguridad alimentaria entre los estratos más pobres. Aquellos que informaron de una baja estabilidad laboral, apoyo social o nivel educacional fueron dos veces más propensos de sufrir inseguridad alimentaria. A pesar de las mejoras significativas entre 2004 y 2013, los resultados indican que Brasil durante la crisis sufrió un gran deterioro de la seguridad alimentaria, resaltando la necesidad de políticas de emergencia para proteger y garantizar el acceso a la comida de los más vulnerables.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Política , Composición Familiar , Encuestas Epidemiológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Recesión Económica , Abastecimiento de Alimentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Pobreza/estadística & datos numéricos , Psicometría , Apoyo Social , Factores Socioeconómicos , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Persona de Mediana Edad
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA
...