RESUMEN
Objetivo: contribuir com reflexões acerca da maternidade substitutiva. Metodologia: realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, de artigos em português, em bases de dados eletrônicas (PubMed, Scielo, BVS e Periódicos CAPES), de 2015 a 2020, resultando em quatro artigos que compõem a revisão. Resultados: os quatro estudos apontam para a inexistência de legislação específica no Brasil sobre as técnicas de reprodução assistida e a maternidade substitutiva e suas consequências. Um artigo destaca a importância do envolvimento de um(a) profissional psicólogo(a) na maternidade substitutiva. Conclusão: atualmente, devido à inexistência de legislação brasileira específica, são seguidas as resoluções do Conselho Federal de Medicina sobre as técnicas de reprodução assistida e maternidade substitutiva. O(a) profissional psicólogo(a) pode contribuir no processo da maternidade substitutiva. Ressaltamos a importância de discussões e disseminação do tema.
Objective: to contribute with reflections on surrogate motherhood. Methods: a systematic bibliographic review of articles in Portuguese was conducted in electronic databases (PubMed, Scielo, BVS, and Capes Periodicals) in the last five years, with four articles comprising the review. Results: the studies showed the lack of specific legislation in Brazil on assisted reproduction techniques and surrogate motherhood and its consequences. One study pointed out the importance of the involvement of a professional psychologist in surrogate motherhood. Conclusion: due to the lack of Brazilian legislation, the citizens follow the Federal Council of Medicine's regulations on assisted reproduction techniques and surrogate motherhood. A professional psychologist can contribute to the process of substitutive motherhood. We emphasize the importance of discussions and dissemination of the theme.
Objetivo: contribuir con reflexiones sobre la maternidad subrogada. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática de artículos en portugués en bases de datos electrónicas (PubMed, Scielo, BVS y Capes Periodicals) en los últimos cinco años, con cuatro artículos que componen la revisión. Resultados: los estudios apuntan a la falta de legislación específica en Brasil sobre técnicas de reproducción asistida y maternidad subrogada y sus consecuencias. Un artículo destaca la importancia de la participación de un psicólogo profesional en la maternidad subrogada. Conclusíon: actualmente, debido a la falta de legislación brasileña específica, se siguen las resoluciones del Consejo Federal de Medicina sobre técnicas de reproducción asistida y maternidad subrogada. El psicólogo profesional puede contribuir al proceso de la maternidad subrogada. Destacamos la importancia de la discusión y difusión del tema.
RESUMEN
Considerable quantities of different classes of drugs are consumed annually worldwide. These drugs, once disposed, often remain stable, even after conventional or advanced treatments. Although there have been a number of studies on the potential harm caused by drugs when released into the environment, few studies have investigated the toxicity of pharmaceutical excipients. In the present study, the acute toxicity of 30 drugs was tested to Aliivibrio fischeri. Ten different active ingredients were investigated, each in three distinct formulations: generic, similar and reference (brand drug). The aim of the study was to evaluate the harmful potential of drugs frequently sold in drugstores and to assess the contribution of excipients towards the observed acute toxicity. Within the 10 drugs evaluated, only one, dexchlorpheniramine maleate, was not toxic in any formulation. The toxicities of the three formulations were often different, even though the active ingredient has been the same. For some drugs, such as diazepam, glibenclamide, metformin, nimesulide, hydrochlorothiazide and simvastatin, only one or two of the three formulations tested were toxic to A. fischeri. These results highlight the toxicological potential of drug excipients, but not exclusively the toxicity of the active ingredients.
