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Objective To investigate the efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal approach in the treatment of adolescent lumbar disc herniation(ALDH)complicated with scoliosis.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on clinical data of 28 cases of ALDH complicated with scoliosis from January 2018 to June 2021.Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy through the intervertebral foramen approach was performed.The patients were placed in a prone position.The percutaneous puncture was carried out to insert into the working channel,and the protruding nucleus pulposus was visually removed under the intervertebral foramen to relieve nerve root compression and complete decompression.Results The operation time was 45-75 min,with an average of(60.6±9.3)min.No surgery-related complications such as incision infection or nerve injury were found.All the 28 patients were followed up for 14-30 months,with an average of(20.1±5.1)months.The waist Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),leg VAS,Oswestry Dysfunction Index(ODI),Cobb angle,center sacral vertical line-C7 plumb line(CSVL-C7 PL),and sagittal vertical axis(SVA)were significantly lower at 1 month after operation and at the last follow-up than those before operation,with statistically significant differences(all P =0.000).The waist VAS,leg VAS,ODI,Cobb angle,CSVL-C7 PL,and SVA at the last follow-up were significantly lower than those at 1 month after operation,with statistically significant difference(all P<0.05).During the follow-ups,symptoms recurred in 2 patients,and fenestration of the nucleus pulposus was performed,which relieved the symptoms.The modified MacNab standard efficacy evaluation at the last follow-up showed excellent in 22 cases,good in 4 cases,and fair in 2 cases,with an excellent and good rate of 92.9%(26/28).Conclusion Percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal approach in the treatment of ALDH complicated with scoliosis can relieve clinical symptoms and improve scoliosis,the clinical effect being satisfactory.
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BACKGROUND: Lumbar facet joint is an important element of spinal "three-joint complex". Whether there is a relationship between strange structure of facet joint and adolescent lumbar disc herniation (ALDH) is nonetheless controversial, and the current research is mainly centered on adults. OBJECTIVE: To find out the normal lumbar facet joints between 13 and 18 years old to provide anatomical basis for early diagnosis and therapy of lumbar disc herniation. METHODS: CT imaging information of 32 sufferers with lumbar disc herniation aged from 13 to 18 years old in Inner Mongolia have been collected as the ALDH group, and 62 wholesome subjects in the equal period had been chosen as the normal group. Uncooked records of continuous scanning lumbar tomography pix were imported into MIMICS 21.0 for evaluation and size in DICOM format. The parameters include facet joint height, facet joint width, et al. RESULTS: 1. The left and right transverse angle of L5S1 segment in the ALDH group were (52.41 ± 9.2) ° and (55.99 ± 10.91) ° (P < 0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. The right side is larger than the left side. 2. Facet joint thickness in L3-L5 segment of the normal group was significantly higher than that of male (1.63 ± 0.32) mm than that of female (1.38 ± 0.25) mm; In 16-18 years old group, comparison of facet joint cross-sectional area was statistically significant (22.1 ± 3.04) mm2 in male than (18.92 ± 3.71) mm2 in female. 3. In comparison between normal and ALDH group, there was significant difference in L3-4 transverse angle (P < 0.05), L4-5 facet joint height and facet joint thickness (P < 0.05), L5S1 facet joint thickness and transverse angle (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: When ALDH occurs in the L5S1 segment, there is a substantial difference between the left and right sides of the transverse angle, and there is a difference in the thickness and the facet joint cross-sectional area between males and females, which is generally larger in males than in females. Facet joint height is larger, transverse angle of left and right is asymmetric, inferior articular process is larger, and facet joint thickness is smaller can indicate that lumbar disc herniation is effortless to occur.