RESUMEN
RESUMEN Objetivo Validar una propuesta de Entrevista Autobiográfica orientada al adulto mayor típico. Método Se diseñaron preguntas para una entrevista de memoria autobiográfica semiestructurada y se desarrolló un protocolo para la aplicación de esta. Se utilizaron 28 jueces; 14 fonoaudiólogos y 14 adultos mayores. Adicionalmente, se pilotaron 2 entrevistas. Posteriormente, la validez de contenido se obtuvo mediante el procedimiento clásico de Lawshe, utilizando complementariamente una evaluación para la comprensibilidad y extensión de la entrevista, así como un procedimiento de triangulación de datos con los jueces y participantes de la experiencia piloto. Resultados De los 22 ítems evaluados, solo 4 estuvieron por sobre el valor crítico de referencia (0.49). Conclusión Se discute sobre la necesidad de incorporar esta medida de análisis en el contexto del respeto, la identidad y la agencia de los adultos mayores, como parte de un cambio de paradigma bajo la mirada de las atenciones centradas en la persona y un modelo de competencia comunicativa. Así como la necesidad de incorporar paradigmas culturales diferentes y el uso de tecnologías digitales.
ABSTRACT Purpose To validate a proposal for an autobiographical interview oriented to the typical older adult. Methods Questions for a semi-structured autobiographical memory interview were designed and a protocol for its application was developed. Fourteen Speech and Language Pathologists judges and 14 older adults were used. Additionally, 2 interviews were conducted. Subsequently, content validity was obtained by means of Lawshe's classic procedure. Also, using a complementary evaluation for comprehensibility and length of the interview, as well as a data triangulation procedure with the judges and participants of the pilot experience. Results Of the 22 items evaluated, only 4 were above the critical reference value (0.49). Conclusion The need to incorporate this measure of analysis in the context of respect, identity and agency of older adults is discussed as part of a change in thinking under the gaze of person-centered care and a communicative competence model. As well as the need to incorporate different cultural paradigms and the use of digital technologies.
RESUMEN
Although extant evidence suggests that many neural and cognitive mechanisms underlying episodic past, future, and counterfactual thinking overlap, recent results have uncovered differences among these three processes. However, the extent to which there may be age-related differences in the phenomenological characteristics associated with episodic past, future and counterfactual thinking remains unclear. This study used adapted versions of the Memory Characteristics Questionnaire and the Autobiographical Interview in younger and older adults to investigate the subjective experience of episodic past, future and counterfactual thinking. The results suggest that, across all conditions, younger adults generated more internal details than older adults. However, older adults generated more external details for episodic future and counterfactual thinking than younger adults. Additionally, younger and older adults generated more internal details, and gave higher sensory and contextual ratings, for memories rather than future and counterfactual thoughts. Methodological and theoretical consequences for extant theories of mental simulation are discussed.