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1.
Children (Basel) ; 11(9)2024 Sep 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39334654

RESUMEN

Background/Objectives: This study investigated how tailored motor competency (MC) interventions within a bespoke Scheme of Work (SOW) can support young children's physical development (PD) by enhancing fine motor skills (FMS) and gross motor skills (GMS). The objective was to enable children to meet curriculum developmental physical milestones. Methods: The longitudinal case study design was conducted over 19 weeks across three academic terms and focused on 25 children (12 boys and 13 girls aged between 5 and 6 years old). Interventions within the SOW were evaluated at six points to assess effectiveness and to make adjustments. Data collection included observations on FMS and GMS development. Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in FMS and GMS after implementing the MC interventions. Notable improvements included hopping, running, climbing, kicking, catching, and using scissors (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The study underscores the importance of holistic approaches to PD, highlighting the need for early intervention and the crucial role of educators. The findings advocate for strategically planned MC interventions and practitioner observations to achieve longitudinal improvements in PD. The study recommends nationwide implementation to enhance PD outcomes, preparing children for lifelong and life-wide MC.

2.
J Anat ; 2024 Aug 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39152701

RESUMEN

This paper discusses a longitudinal study with children with Apert syndrome aged between 4 and 11 years. There has long been an interest in the role of fingers in the development of early number skills and arithmetic. As children with Apert syndrome are born with complex fusions of their fingers, they have to undergo several surgical procedures in order to obtain individuated fingers. This has implications for their finger mobility and finger awareness. It has been suggested that children with Apert syndrome have specific difficulties with early number and arithmetic activities. The findings from this study suggest that engaging children with Apert syndrome in activities that develop finger awareness (finger gnosis) and finger mobility (fine motor skills) may have a positive impact on their ability to engage with appropriate mathematics curricula at school. This is relevant to all those involved in the care of children with Apert syndrome and will be of particular relevance to those involved in early childhood and primary education. This study also provides new insights into the role of finger use in the development of skills and understanding in early number and arithmetic.

3.
Children (Basel) ; 11(7)2024 Jul 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39062274

RESUMEN

The present review considers the growing body of literature on fine motor skills in infants at elevated genetic likelihood (EL) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This area of study aims to identify crucial motor markers associated with the disorder, facilitating earlier and more accurate identification of ASD, using various experimental methodologies, including standardized assessments, observational measures, and technological tools. The reviewed evidence revealed distinct developmental trajectories in EL infants, marked by differences in fine motor skills and exploratory behaviors compared to typically developing infants. We discuss the developmental trajectory of fine motor skills in infants and their predictive value for later ASD diagnosis, highlighting the significance of fine motor skills as early indicators of ASD risk in infants and emphasizing the need for further research to elucidate their predictive value and underlying mechanisms.

4.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39073560

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To investigate, map, and synthesize evidence regarding the correlation between changes in binocular vision and fine motor skills among children. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of existing evidence, following the guidelines and checklist outlined in "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - Scoping Reviews" (PRISMAScR). RESULTS: Sixteen papers were systematically included in our scoping review. A predominant focus was placed on assessing the impact of strabismus on motor skills. Most of the studies used motor test batteries for comprehensive analysis, while the remaining employed methodologies, such as questionnaires or laboratory-based tests. CONCLUSION: Vision stands as a pivotal perceptual modality essential for the optimal development of children. Alterations in visual acuity can significantly affect fine motor skills. Pediatric ophthalmology and orthoptics frequently encounter binocular vision disorders, such as amblyopia and strabismus. Our finding showed that impaired binocular vision affects fine motor skills.

5.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 60(7)2024 Jul 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39064512

RESUMEN

Background and Objectives: Scuba divers often experience persistent inert gas narcosis (IGN) even after surfacing. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that breathing oxygen (O2) before surfacing can reduce postdive IGN. Materials and Methods: A group of 58 experienced divers underwent a 5 min dive at a depth of 50 m in a multi-place hyperbaric chamber. They were decompressed using air (air group). Another group of 28 divers (O2 group) breathed 100% O2 during the end of decompression. Prior to and after the dive, all participants performed the Sharpened Romberg test (SRT) and a modified tweezers test. Results: In the air group, the number of positive SRT results increased postdive (47% vs. 67%), indicating a greater impairment in the vestibular system (Cohen's d = 0.41). In the O2 group, the percentage of positive SRT results remained constant at 68% both before and after the dive. In terms of the modified tweezers test, the air group showed no significant change in the number of picked beads (40 ± 9 vs. 39 ± 7), while the O2 group demonstrated an increase (36 ± 7 vs. 44 ± 10) (Cohen's d = 0.34). Conclusion: The results reveal that the SRT revealed a negative effect of nitrogen (N2) on the vestibular system in the air group. The increased number of beads picked in the O2 group can be attributed to the learning effect, which was hindered in the air group. Consistent with our hypothesis, breathing O2 during decompression appears to reduce postdive IGN.


Asunto(s)
Buceo , Nitrógeno , Humanos , Buceo/fisiología , Buceo/efectos adversos , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Narcosis por Gas Inerte/fisiopatología , Oxígeno , Persona de Mediana Edad , Descompresión/métodos
6.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 15079, 2024 07 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38956128

RESUMEN

The effect of the menstrual cycle on fine motor skills is unclear. This study determined whether the menstrual cycle affected fine motor skills and related neural activities. Nineteen women with regular menstrual cycles were tested for fine motor skills using two types of tasks: grooved pegboard task (GPT), which evaluates motor control with high freedom of movements, and force modulation task (FMT), which evaluates more complex and fine motor control with low freedom of movements. We also assessed primary motor cortex intracortical circuits and sensorimotor integration using paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to reveal why the menstrual cycle affects fine motor skills. The present study indicated that fine motor skills assessed by FMT varied throughout the menstrual cycle while those measured by GPT did not. These results suggest that fine motor skills requiring more complex and fine control may be affected by the menstrual cycle. Additionally, changes in fine motor skills throughout the menstrual cycle may be associated with the severity of menstruation-related symptoms.


Asunto(s)
Ciclo Menstrual , Corteza Motora , Destreza Motora , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal , Humanos , Femenino , Ciclo Menstrual/fisiología , Destreza Motora/fisiología , Adulto , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Adulto Joven , Potenciales Evocados Motores/fisiología
7.
J Intellect Disabil ; : 17446295241254625, 2024 May 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38758371

RESUMEN

This study explored potential factors of numeracy acquisition in young children with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Those factors are determined to assess parents' academic expectations and home practices that they use with their children daily. The sample consisted of 187 Greek-speaking couples, comprising a total number of 374 parents. All of them had a child with mild IDs aged between 4 and 7 years old. Since Greece is placed among European countries with the lowest median disposable income it is significant to assess the potential effects of each family's socioeconomic status. We employed structural equation modeling to identify potential factors affecting a child's with IDs numeracy outcomes. Analysis of moments structures (AMOS) revealed that there is a good fit for the suggested second-order structural equation model. Results are discussed regarding their practical implications.

8.
Front Psychol ; 15: 1349851, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38708023

RESUMEN

Introduction: Either Developmental Visuospatial Disorder (DVSD) and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) present with difficulties in visuospatial processing, even though entailing different degrees of impairment. Among the visuospatial domain, spatial perspective taking is essential to interact with the environment and is significantly involved in many daily activities (e.g., environment navigation and spatial orienting). Notwithstanding, no previous studies have investigated this spatial domain in children with DVSD and limited evidence is available regarding DCD. Consistent with a transdiagnostic approach, the first goal of the present study was to compare spatial perspective taking abilities of these groups, also including a control group of not diagnosed peers (ND). Secondly, the role of different fine-motor and visuo-spatial predictors on the spatial perspective taking performance was considered. Method: A total of 85 participants (DVSD = 26; DCD = 26; ND = 33), aged between 8 and 16 years old, were included in the study. Tasks assessing spatial perspective taking, fine-motor, visual imagery, and mental rotation skills, as well as visuo-spatial working memory were administered. Results and Discussion: Overall, our results confirmed weaknesses in spatial perspective taking in both clinical groups, with the DVSD obtaining the lowest scores. Similarities and differences in the predictors accounting for the performance in the spatial perspective taking task emerged, suggesting the possible employment of different fine-motor or visuospatial strategies by group. Findings are discussed considering the potential impact they may have both in research and clinical practice.

9.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst) ; 41: 74-79, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38670655

RESUMEN

Future NASA missions will require astronauts to travel farther and spend longer durations in space than ever before. This will also expose astronauts to longer periods of several physical and psychological challenges, including exposure to space radiation (SR) and periods of social isolation (SI), which could have unknown negative effects on physical and mental health. Each also has the potential to negatively impact sleep which can reduce the ability to cope with stressful experiences and lead to sensorimotor, neurocognitive, and physical deficits. The effects of SI and SR on gross motor performance has been shown to vary, and depend on, individual differences in stress resilience and vulnerability based on our established animal model in which stress produces different effects on sleep. In this study, the impact that SI and SR, either alone or together, had on fine motor skill performance (bilateral tactile adhesive removal task (BTAR)) was assessed in male rats. We also examined emotional, exploratory, and other off-task behavioral responses during testing and assessed whether sensorimotor performance and emotion varied with individual differences in resilience and vulnerability. BTAR task performance was differentially impacted by SI and SR, and were further influenced by the stress resilience/vulnerability phenotype of the rats. These findings further demonstrate that identifying individual responses to stressors that can impact sensorimotor ability and behavior necessary to perform mission-related tasks will be of particular importance for astronauts and future missions. Should similar effects occur in humans, there may be considerable inter-individual variability in the impact that inflight stressors have on astronauts and their ability to perform mission-related tasks.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Animal , Radiación Cósmica , Destreza Motora , Aislamiento Social , Animales , Radiación Cósmica/efectos adversos , Masculino , Ratas , Destreza Motora/efectos de la radiación , Conducta Animal/efectos de la radiación , Estrés Psicológico , Vuelo Espacial
10.
Neurosurg Rev ; 47(1): 114, 2024 Mar 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38480549

RESUMEN

Supplementary motor area syndrome (SMAS) represents a common neurosurgical sequela. The incidence and time frame of its occurrence have yet to be characterized after surgery for brain tumors. We examined patients suffering from a brain tumor preoperatively, postoperatively, and during follow-up examinations after three months, including fine motor skills testing and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). 13 patients suffering from a tumor in the dorsal part of the superior frontal gyrus underwent preoperative, early postoperative, and 3-month follow-up testing of fine motor skills using the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JHFT) and the Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT) consisting of 8 subtests for both upper extremities. They completed TMS for cortical motor function mapping. Test completion times (TCTs) were recorded and compared. No patient suffered from neurological deficits before surgery. On postoperative day one, we detected motor deficits in two patients, which remained clinically stable at a 3-month follow-up. Except for page-turning, every subtest indicated a significant worsening of function, reflected by longer TCTs (p < 0.05) in the postoperative examinations for the contralateral upper extremity (contralateral to the tumor manifestation). At 3-month follow-up examinations for the contralateral upper extremity, each subtest indicated significant worsening compared to the preoperative status despite improvement to the immediate postoperative level. We also detected significantly longer TCTs (p < 0.05) postoperatively in the ipsilateral upper extremity. This study suggests a long-term worsening of fine motor skills even three months after SMA tumor resection, indicating the necessity of targeted physical therapy for these patients.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Corteza Motora , Humanos , Corteza Motora/cirugía , Destreza Motora , Neoplasias Encefálicas/etiología , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/efectos adversos
11.
Curr Alzheimer Res ; 20(11): 791-801, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38424434

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease has an impact on handwriting (AD). Numerous researchers reported that fact. Therefore, examining handwriting characteristics could be a useful way to screen for AD. The aim of the article is to present the reliability and effectiveness of the AD-HS tool. METHODS: Most of the existing studies examine either linguistic manifestations of writing or certain motor functions. However, handwriting is a complex of cognitive and motor activities. Since the influence of AD on handwriting is individual, it is important to analyze the complete set of handwriting features. The AD-HS instrument is based on this principle. Validation of the AD-HS instrument for revealing cognitive impairment in AD-diagnosed persons in comparison to the control group. The study is based on the evaluation of free handwritten texts. AD-HS includes 40 handwriting and 2 linguistic features of handwritten texts. It is based on the standard protocol for handwriting analysis. The cumulative evaluation of all features builds a quantitative AD-Indicator (ADI) as a marker of possible AD conditions. The analyzed experiment includes 53 AD-diagnosed persons and a control group of 192 handwriting specimens from the existing database. RESULTS: AD-HS shows a distinct difference in evaluated ADI for the participants (the mean value equals 0.49) and the control group (the mean value equals 0.28). CONCLUSION: The handwriting marker of AD could be an effective supplement instrument for earlier screening. It is also useful when traditional biomarkers and neurological tests could not be applied. AD-HS can accompany therapy as an indication of its effect on a person.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Escritura Manual , Humanos , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico
12.
NeuroRehabilitation ; 54(2): 237-244, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38277311

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In children with cerebral palsy (CP), fine motor skills limit forearm supination and active extension of the elbow, wrist, or fingers. Therapeutic interventions focusing on improving the ranges at these joints while facilitating active movements are the key to augmenting fine motor skills. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study examines if children with CP (with UE involvement) exposed to the Novel Hand Rehabilitation (NHR) Board will demonstrate 1) changes in spasticity and passive ROM of forearm and wrist/finger muscles, and 2) improvement in fine motor abilities. METHODS: The forearm and wrist/fingers of children with spastic CP (N = 15; M = 7, F = 8) aged 49-72 months (65.33±6.355 months) were positioned on the NHR board till their tolerance limit or a minimum duration of 30 minutes. The outcome measures, i.e., spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale), passive range of motion (PROM) of wrist and fingers, and fine motor skills (PDMS-2 - Fine motor scale), were recorded. RESULTS: The spasticity of forearm pronators (0.001) and wrist flexors (0.008) reduced significantly, but not in wrist extensors. Post-intervention improvements in wrist extension (p = 0.005) and ulnar deviation ROM (p = 0.007) were significant. In thumb, changes were non-significant for the CMC flexion, but extension (0.003) and abduction (0.001) as well as MCP extension (0.004) were significant. The post-intervention MCP extension ROM for the 2nd (0.001), 3rd (0.007), and 4th fingers (0.014) were also substantial, but not for PIP and DIP joints. The post-intervention percentage change in the Grasping and Visual-motor integration subtests of PDMS-2 was 11.03% (p = 0.002) and 5.09% (p = 0.001) respectively. CONCLUSION: The immediate effects on fine motor skills in children with CP after the NHR board application were positive and encouraging. Hence, the NHR board can be recommended as an intervention to improve the fine motor abilities of children with CP.


Asunto(s)
Parálisis Cerebral , Niño , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Parálisis Cerebral/rehabilitación , Destreza Motora , Extremidad Superior , Mano , Espasticidad Muscular/tratamiento farmacológico
13.
Hum Mov Sci ; 93: 103169, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38056220

RESUMEN

This study described intra-task fine motor skill components of the Manual Dexterity tasks (Posting Coins; PC, Threading Beads; TB, Drawing Trail; DT) of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 Test for typically developing children and investigated age- and sex-related differences. Three- to six-year-old Dutch children (n = 182, Mage 4.5 ± 1.1 years, 51.1% boys) were observed with regard to intra-task fine motor skill components, and changes in intra-task components of the Manual Dexterity tasks were analyzed across age using of the Kruskal-Wallis test with post-hoc Mann-Whitney U tests, and differences between sexes using the Mann-Whitney U test. The following intra-task components were observed: grip type, manipulation, non-dominant or non-writing hand, grip position, posture, head, coin placement, placement of the bead on the lace tip and joint movement. Results showed that the younger children (3-year-olds) more frequently used a grasp with the full hand (PC, TB), more often put the coin on the container and sliding it in (PC), more often supported the side or top of the container (PC), used more bi-manual manipulation (transferring from hand-to-hand or hand, body or surface assist) (TB, DT), more frequently used primitive, too high grips, predominantly used their proximal joints, and did not support the paper (DT). This in comparison with more frequent use of three-point pinch, direct coin placement, grabbing the front or back of the container, in-hand-manipulation, mature grips and correct height, distal joint use and supporting the paper from the side or below by most 5- and 6-year-olds. Furthermore, most sex-related differences were found in the younger age-groups (3- and 4-year-olds) in the DT tasks with girls outperforming boys. Results from this study add to the knowledge on qualitative fine motor skill performance in a convenience sample of 3- to 6-year-old typically developing children. A limitation of the current study was the relatively small sample size of 6-year-old children. The strength of the current study is its novelty in providing qualitative descriptions of intra-task fine motor skill components in typically developing 3- to 6-year-old children.


Asunto(s)
Destreza Motora , Movimiento , Niño , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Preescolar , Postura , Fuerza de la Mano , Mano
14.
Ther Apher Dial ; 28(2): 284-296, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37932586

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the hand fine motor skills of peritoneal dialysis (PD) practitioners and PD-related peritonitis. METHODS: This multicenter prospective observational study was conducted with 120 incident PD patients. Patients were divided into two groups who had PD-related peritonitis within the first year as Group 1, and those who did not as Group 2. Hand fine motor skills were evaluated by Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT) and Nut Screwing Test (NST). RESULTS: Initial NHPT (28.5 ± 6.0 s vs. 25.8 ± 5.0 s, p = 0.011) and NST (82.3 (61.5-102.8) s versus 65.3 (52.3-88.5) s p = 0.023) scores were significantly higher in Group 1 than Group 2. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, NHPT, Body Mass Index, Mini-Mental Test, self PD practitioner, and catheter complications were found to be independent variables in predicting PD-related peritonitis. CONCLUSION: Decreased hand fine motor skills of PD patients is a risk factor for peritonitis.


Asunto(s)
Diálisis Peritoneal , Peritonitis , Humanos , Destreza Motora , Diálisis Peritoneal/efectos adversos , Factores de Riesgo , Peritonitis/epidemiología , Peritonitis/etiología , Estudios Retrospectivos
15.
Acta Psychol (Amst) ; 241: 104087, 2023 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37979405

RESUMEN

The strength and development of the relationship between mathematical and motor skills is explored across three age groups of normally developing children. The presence of this relationship is postulated in classical accounts of human development. In contemporary research, the existence of a relationship between motor development and the development of abstract concepts may inform theories of embodied cognition. Existing work supports a link between fine motor skills and various numerical and mathematical tasks in young children; however, few attempts have been made to investigate this relationship across different ages. We use a cross-sectional design to investigate the link between fine motor and mathematical skills in samples of 81-96 Kindergarten, 2nd-grade, and 4th-grade children. Bayesian correlations were performed to explore the relationship between fine motor skills and mathematical skills at different time points. The results show that correlational patterns vary across the three ages: in Kindergarten, manual dexterity of the dominant hand is related to math skills, in 2nd grade, the manual dexterity of the nondominant hand is related to math skills; and finally in 4th grade no such correlations are observable. These findings contribute to understanding the developmental trajectory of the relationship between motor skills and mathematical abilities and the internalization of numerical embodiment. Further investigation is needed to determine if fine motor skills can serve as an early indicator of mathematical skill development risk. Future work could also explore whether incorporating spatial and motor elements into mathematical tasks through whole-body or finger movement training supports the development of mathematical skills.


Asunto(s)
Destreza Motora , Desempeño Psicomotor , Niño , Humanos , Preescolar , Teorema de Bayes , Estudios Transversales , Cognición
16.
BMC Pediatr ; 23(1): 513, 2023 10 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37845644

RESUMEN

AIM: We evaluated fine motor skills; precision, motor integration, manual dexterity, and upper-limb coordination according to sex and risk stratification in children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL). METHODS: We evaluated twenty-nine children in the maintenance phase aged 6 to 12 years with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-second edition (BOT-2), and sex and age-specific norm values of BOT-2 were used to compare our results. RESULTS: We found lower scores on the upper-limb coordination subtest, p = 0.003 and on the manual coordination composite, p = 0.008, than normative values. Most boys performed "average" on both the subtests and the composites, but girls showed lower scores with a mean difference of 7.69 (95%CI; 2.24 to 3.14), p = 0.009. Girls' scale scores on the upper-limb coordination subtest were lower than normative values, with mean difference 5.08 (95%CI; 2.35 to 7.81), p = 0.006. The mean standard score difference in high-risk patients was lower than normative on the manual coordination composite, 8.18 (95%CI; 2.26 to 14.1), p = 0.015. High-risk children also performed below the BOT-2 normative on manual dexterity 2.82 (95%CI; 0.14 to 5.78), p = 0.035 and upper limb coordination subtest 4.10 (95%CI; 1.13 to 7.05), p = 0.028. We found a decrease in fine motor precision in children with a higher BMI, rho= -0.87, p = 0.056 and a negative correlation between older age and lower manual dexterity, r= -0.41 p = 0.026; however, we did not find any correlation with the weeks in the maintenance phase. CONCLUSIONS: Fine motor impairments are common in children with ALL in the maintenance phase; it is important to identify these impairments to early rehabilitation.


Asunto(s)
Destreza Motora , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Desarrollo Infantil , Desempeño Psicomotor
17.
Heliyon ; 9(7): e18327, 2023 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37539174

RESUMEN

Background: Manual dexterity is the ability to manipulate objects using the hands and fingers for a specific task. Although manual dexterity is widely investigated in the general and special population at all ages, numerous aspects still remain to be explored in children. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of the training effect of the execution of the Grooved Pegboard test (GPT) and to measure the performance of the GPT in dual-task (DT), i.e., during a motor task and a cognitive task. Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional study manual dexterity was assessed in children aged between 6 and 8. The procedure consisted of two phases: (1) the execution of five consecutive trials of the GPT to evaluate the training effect; (2) the execution of one trial of the GPT associated with a motor task (finger tapping test, GPT-FTT), and one trial of the GPT associated with a cognitive task (counting test, GPT-CT) to evaluate the performance in DT. Results: As for the training effect, a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the five trials of the GPT (i.e., GPT1, GPT2, GPT3, GPT4, GPT5) was detected. In particular, we found a significant difference between GPT1 and GPT3 (p < 0.05), GPT1 and GPT4 (p < 0.001), and GPT1 and GPT5 (p < 0.001), as well as between GPT2 and GPT4 (p < 0.001), and GPT2 and GPT5 (p < 0.001).As for the performance in DT, no differences between the best trial of the GPT (i.e., GPT5) and both the GPT-FTT and GPT-CT was found. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the execution of the GPT in children has a training effect up to the third consecutive trial. Furthermore, the administration of the GPT in DT does not affect GPT performance.

18.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ ; 13(7): 1330-1361, 2023 Jul 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37504489

RESUMEN

Mathematics is the subject in which many school-age children reveal difficulties. The literature has shown that fine motor skills, namely fine motor coordination and visuomotor integration, have been more robustly associated with mathematical performance. Studies have shown the importance that instruments have to evaluate these skills, however, the characteristics of these instruments do not fit the reality of kindergartens, they are usually time consuming and expensive and are usually administered by specialists. Thus, the main objective of this study was to identify, select, adapt and validate motor tests to evaluate fine motor skills associated with mathematical skills to allow the kindergarten teachers to apply them simultaneously to the class, with few material resources, in a short period of time and without the need for a lot of training to apply, score and classify. For this purpose, firstly, it was necessary to understand the main difficulties highlighted by kindergarten teachers regarding the use of instruments to evaluate fine motor skills and, thus, elaborate criteria to identify and select the tests that best fit the reality of kindergartens. The test identified, selected and adapted to evaluate fine motor coordination was threading beads from the Movement Evaluation Battery for Children, 2nd Edition. The main adaptation of the test was related to time, that is, instead of counting the time it takes the child to string the total number of cubes on the string, we counted the number of cubes the child strung on the string in a pre-defined time. To evaluate visual-motor integration, the test identified, selected and adapted was the Visual-Motor Integration (6th Edition) test. The main adaptation was related to material resources, that is, it will be possible to apply the test using only one sheet per child instead of the seven suggested by the original test. After the preliminary adaptation of the tests, their validation was performed by means of the degree of reliability (test-retest) and predictive validity. The results indicated that the adapted tests presented an excellent degree of reliability (>0.9) and could therefore be used to administer them simultaneously to the class group. The adapted Visual-Motor Integration test seems to be the most suitable one to be used by kindergarten teachers, in a classroom context, to simultaneously evaluate students' fine motor skills and associate their results with mathematical skills.

19.
Front Psychiatry ; 14: 1205532, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37404715

RESUMEN

Researchers and clinicians are increasingly interested in understanding the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and identifying behaviors that can provide opportunities for earlier detection and therefore earlier onset of intervention activities. One promising avenue of research lies in the early development of motor skills. The present study compares the motor and object exploration behaviors of an infant later diagnosed with ASD (T.I.) with the same skills in a control infant (C.I.). There were notable difference in fine motor skills by just 3 months of age, one of the earliest fine motor differences reported in the literature. In line with previous findings, T.I. and C.I. demonstrated different patterns of visual attention as early as 2.5 months of age. At later visits to the lab, T.I. engaged in unique problem-solving behaviors not demonstrated by the experimenter (i.e., emulation). Overall, findings suggest that infants later diagnosed with ASD may show differences in fine motor skills and visual attention to objects from the first months of life.

20.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(14)2023 Jul 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37514743

RESUMEN

Impaired hand function is one of the most frequently persistent consequences of stroke. Throughout the rehabilitation process, physicians consistently monitor patients and perform kinematic evaluations in order to assess their overall progress in motor recovery. The Sollerman Hand Function Test (SHT) is a valuable assessment tool used to evaluate a patient's capacity to engage in daily activities. It holds great importance in the field of medicine as it aids in the assessment of treatment effectiveness. Nevertheless, the requirement for a therapist's physical presence and the use of specialized materials make the test time-consuming and reliant on clinic availability. In this paper, we propose a computer-vision-based approach to the "Write with a pen" sub-test, originally included in the SHT. Our implementation does not require extra hardware equipment and is able to run on lower-end hardware specifications, using a single RGB camera. We have incorporated all the original test's guidelines and scoring methods into our application, additionally providing an accurate hand spasticity evaluator. After briefly presenting the current research approaches, we analyze and demonstrate our application, as well as discuss some issues and limitations. Lastly, we share some preliminary findings from real-world application usage conducted at the University campus and outline our future plans.


Asunto(s)
Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Humanos , Recuperación de la Función , Extremidad Superior , Mano , Computadores , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/métodos
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