Mansoa alliacea extract improves the growth performance and innate immune response of Arapaima gigas challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila and handling stress / Extrato de Mansoa alliacea melhora o desempenho de crescimento e resposta imunológica de Arapaima gigas desafiado com Aeromonas hydrophila e estresse de manejo

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Mansoa alliacea hydroalcoholic extracts on growth, blood and immune parameters of Arapaima gigas. Fish were fed for 30 days with diets enriched with 0, 4, 8, and 12 g kg-1 of M. alliacea hydroalcoholic extract and subjected to infection with Aeromonas hydrophila and handling stress. Fish fed with 8 g kg-1 of extract showed significant increase in final weight, specific growth rate and feed efficiency when compared to the other groups. Glucose, triglycerides, total proteins, and globulins increased significantly in fish fed with 8 g kg-1 of extract, whereas albumin decreased. The number of thrombocytes increased significantly with the dietary supplementation of 8 and 12 g kg-1 of extract. After the challenge with A. hydrophila and handling stress, fish fed with 8 g kg-1 of extract had significantly higher levels of glucose, globulins, and albumins, and fish fed with 8 and 12 g kg-1 of extract showed an increment of respiratory burst. Triglyceride levels dropped significantly in fish fed with 4, 8, and 12 g kg-1 of extract, whereas the number of neutrophils increased, and total thrombocytes, leukocytes and lymphocytes were higher in fish fed with 12 g kg-1 of extract. Dietary supplementation with M. alliacea extract at 8 g kg-1 was efficient in improving the growth and innate immunity of A. gigas, being potentially useful in fish farming to control the development of A. hydrophila infections.(AU)

Investigou-se os efeitos da suplementação com extrato hidroalcólico de Mansoa alliacea sobre o crescimento e parâmetros sanguíneos e imunológicos de Arapaima gigas. Os peixes foram alimentados por 30 dias com dietas enriquecidas com 0, 4, 8 e 12 g kg-1 de extrato hidroalcoólico de M. alliacea e submetidos à infecção por Aeromonas hydrophila e estresse de manejo. Os peixes alimentados com 8 g kg-1 de extrato apresentaram aumento significativo no peso final, taxa de crescimento específico e eficiência alimentar quando comparados aos demais grupos. Glicose, triglicerídeos, proteínas totais e globulinas aumentaram significativamente nos peixes alimentados com 8 g kg-1 de extrato, enquanto a albumina diminuiu. O número de trombócitos aumentou significativamente com a suplementação dietética de 8 e 12 g kg-1 de extrato. Após infecção com A. hydrophila e estresse de manejo, os peixes alimentados com 8 g kg-1 de extrato apresentaram níveis significativamente mais altos de glicose, globulinas e albuminas, e os peixes alimentados com 8 e 12 g kg-1 de extrato apresentaram incremento de explosão respiratória. Os níveis de triglicerídeos decresceram nos peixes alimentados com 4, 8 e 12 g kg-1 de extrato, enquanto o número de neutrófilos aumentou, e o número total de trombócitos, leucócitos e linfócitos foi maior nos peixes alimentados com 12 g kg-1 de extrato. A suplementação com a 8 g kg-1 de extrato de M. alliacea foi eficiente em melhorar o crescimento e a imunidade inata de A. gigas, sendo potencialmente útil na piscicultura para controlar o desenvolvimento de infecções por A. hydrophila.(AU)

Long-Term Chamomile Therapy of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Study Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Anxiety symptoms are among the most common reasons for consumers to use Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapy. Although many botanicals have been proposed as putative remedies for anxiety symptoms, there has been a paucity of controlled trials of these remedies. A preliminary study of the anxiolytic effect of Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) in humans suggests that chamomile may have anxiolytic and antidepressant activity. We now seek to conduct a 5-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-substitution study to examine the short and long-term safety and efficacy of chamomile extract in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). METHODS/DESIGN: 180 subjects with moderate to severe GAD will receive initial open-label pharmaceutical-grade chamomile extract 500-1,500 mg daily for 8 weeks. Responders to treatment who remain well for an additional 4 weeks of consolidation therapy, will be randomized to double-blind continuation therapy with either chamomile extract 500-1,500 mg daily or placebo for an additional 26 weeks. The primary outcome will be the time to relapse during study continuation therapy in each treatment condition. Secondary outcomes will include the proportion of subjects in each treatment condition who relapse, as well as the proportion of subjects with treatment-emergent adverse events. Quality of life ratings will also be compared between treatment conditions during short and long-term therapy. DISCUSSION: Many individuals with mental disorders decline conventional therapy and seek CAM therapies for their symptoms. Thus, the identification of effective CAM therapy is of relevance to reducing the burden of mental illness. This study builds upon our prior findings of significant superiority of chamomile versus placebo in reducing GAD symptoms. We now extend these preliminary findings by conducting a randomized long-term safety and efficacy study of chamomile in GAD.

Associação fitoterápica no tratamento de feridas cutâneas induzidas em equinos / Herbal combination in the treatment of equine skin induced wounds

Estudou-se a eficácia do uso tópico de um produto comercial constituído por uma associação fitoterápica como promotor da cicatrização de feridas induzidas em equinos. Uma lesão cutânea em forma de quadrado, com 5cm de lado, foi produzida cirurgicamente em ambos os lados da região glútea de oito cavalos adultos. Aleatoriamente um dos lados foi escolhido como tratado, permanecendo o contralateral como controle. As lesões do lado controle foram lavadas com água e detergente neutro e, no lado tratado, foi realizado o mesmo procedimento, seguido de aplicação tópica da associação fitoterápica. As evoluções macroscópica e microscópica do processo cicatricial foram avaliadas, e a área de cada ferida determinada no decorrer do período experimental. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os lados em relação aos valores de área das feridas. Na última avaliação, o lado controle apresentou valor médio de área de 0,70cm², e o lado tratado de 1,23cm². A contração cicatricial observada em 77 dias de evolução cicatricial foi de 97,57% para o lado controle e de 95,59% para o lado tratado.(AU)

The efficiency of the topical use of a commercial product constituted by a herbal combination on the healing evolution of equine induced wounds was studied. A skin lesion in the shape of a square with 5cm sides was surgically produced on both sides of the buttocks of eight adult horses. One side was considered control and another one treated. Both control and treated sides were rinsed with water and neutral soap. Additionally, the wound on the treated side received the topical treatment with the herbal combination. Macroscopic and microscopic healing evolution of the wounds was evaluated and their areas were determined during the experimental period. There was statistical difference between wound areas. At the last evaluation, the average area of the control side was 0.70cm² and of the treated side was 1.23cm². The contraction of scar observed at 77 days was 97.57% for the control side and 95.59% for the treated side.(AU)

Associação fitoterápica no tratamento de feridas cutâneas induzidas em equinos / Herbal combination in the treatment of equine skin induced wounds

Estudou-se a eficácia do uso tópico de um produto comercial constituído por uma associação fitoterápica como promotor da cicatrização de feridas induzidas em equinos. Uma lesão cutânea em forma de quadrado, com 5cm de lado, foi produzida cirurgicamente em ambos os lados da região glútea de oito cavalos adultos. Aleatoriamente um dos lados foi escolhido como tratado, permanecendo o contralateral como controle. As lesões do lado controle foram lavadas com água e detergente neutro e, no lado tratado, foi realizado o mesmo procedimento, seguido de aplicação tópica da associação fitoterápica. As evoluções macroscópica e microscópica do processo cicatricial foram avaliadas, e a área de cada ferida determinada no decorrer do período experimental. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os lados em relação aos valores de área das feridas. Na última avaliação, o lado controle apresentou valor médio de área de 0,70cm², e o lado tratado de 1,23cm². A contração cicatricial observada em 77 dias de evolução cicatricial foi de 97,57% para o lado controle e de 95,59% para o lado tratado.

The efficiency of the topical use of a commercial product constituted by a herbal combination on the healing evolution of equine induced wounds was studied. A skin lesion in the shape of a square with 5cm sides was surgically produced on both sides of the buttocks of eight adult horses. One side was considered control and another one treated. Both control and treated sides were rinsed with water and neutral soap. Additionally, the wound on the treated side received the topical treatment with the herbal combination. Macroscopic and microscopic healing evolution of the wounds was evaluated and their areas were determined during the experimental period. There was statistical difference between wound areas. At the last evaluation, the average area of the control side was 0.70cm² and of the treated side was 1.23cm². The contraction of scar observed at 77 days was 97.57% for the control side and 95.59% for the treated side.