Management of erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation: The perspective of Spanish urologists. Results of the PANDORA Project (Part II) / Manejo de la disfunción eréctil y la eyaculación precoz: la perspectiva de los urólogos españoles. Resultados del Proyecto PANDORA (Parte II)

Introduction: ED and PE are the most common male sexual dysfunctions, although they remain underdiagnosed and undertreated. Aim: To ascertain how a group of Spanish urologists currently address ED and PE. Methods: Descriptive study based on a self-designed questionnaire about the clinical practice in ED and PE upon diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, patient–physician relationship and the role of the patient's partner. Results: The survey was completed by 188 experienced urologists. Most patients went to the urologist's office without a previous diagnosis (92% of the urologists found <10 PE-diagnosed patients in public settings). The diagnosis of ED and/or PE was mainly carried out by the current urologist and not by another professional, particularly in private centres as opposed to public centres (78.8% vs 57.0% for ED; 82.0% vs 62.6% for PE). Most urologists believed that these disorders are underdiagnosed and deemed them as general health issues. 38% of urologists acknowledged using validated questionnaires to diagnose ED. PE was considered a subjective problem rather than a true disease and the use of PRO-based diagnosis of PE was not generally accepted (14%). Treatment options of both disorders were chosen as expected. Referral to the andrologist is usually scheduled in moderate-to-severe PE or severe ED. The cohort seemed to be mostly neutral (50%–75% for ED and 40%–55% for PE) regarding patient reluctancy to talk about their sexual problem. Patients’ partners play an important role in helping men seeking treatment. (AU)

Introducción: A pesar de que, la DE y la EP son las disfunciones sexuales masculinas más frecuentes, siguen estando infradiagnosticadas e infratratadas. Objetivo: Conocer cómo es el abordaje actual de la DE y la EP, a partir de un grupo de urólogos españoles. Método: Estudio descriptivo, mediante un cuestionario predefinido, con relación a la práctica clínica de la DE y la EP, incluyendo su diagnóstico, su tratamiento y su seguimiento, la relación médico-paciente y el papel de la pareja. Resultados: Ciento ochenta y ocho urólogos expertos dieron respuesta al cuestionario predefinido. La mayoría de los pacientes acudieron a la consulta del urólogo sin un diagnóstico previo (el 92% de los urólogos hallaron <10 pacientes diagnosticados de PE en el ámbito público). El diagnóstico de la DE y/o la EP fue realizado mayoritariamente por el urólogo, y no por otro profesional, especialmente en el ámbito privado frente al público (78,8 frente al 57,0% para la DE; 82,0 frente al 62,6% para la EP). La gran mayoría de los urólogos señalaron que ambas disfunciones estaban siendo infradiagnosticadas y, por tanto, las consideraron como un problema de salud general. El 38% de los urólogos indicó utilizar cuestionarios validados para el diagnóstico de la DE. La EP se percibió como un problema subjetivo más que como una verdadera enfermedad, y el uso de PRO en el diagnóstico de la EP no fue generalmente aceptado (14%). La elección de las opciones de tratamiento de ambas disfunciones aconteció según lo esperado. Se consideró la derivación a andrología en los casos de la EP moderada-grave o en los casos de la DE grave. En cuanto a la reticencia de los pacientes a hablar de su problema sexual, la respuesta fue mayoritariamente neutra (50-75% para la DE y 40-55% para la EP). Las parejas de los pacientes desempeñan un papel importante en el momento que estos buscan opciones de tratamiento. (AU)

Management of erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation: The perspective of Spanish urologists. Results of the PANDORA Project (Part II).

INTRODUCTION: ED and PE are the most common male sexual dysfunctions, although they remain underdiagnosed and undertreated. AIM: To ascertain how a group of Spanish urologists currently address ED and PE. METHODS: Descriptive study based on a self-designed questionnaire about the clinical practice in ED and PE upon diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, patient-physician relationship and the role of the patient's partner. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 188 experienced urologists. Most patients went to the urologist's office without a previous diagnosis (92% of the urologists found <10 PE-diagnosed patients in public settings). The diagnosis of ED and/or PE was mainly carried out by the current urologist and not by another professional, particularly in private centres as opposed to public centres (78.8% vs 57.0% for ED; 82.0% vs 62.6% for PE). Most urologists believed that these disorders are underdiagnosed and deemed them as general health issues. 38% of urologists acknowledged using validated questionnaires to diagnose ED. PE was considered a subjective problem rather than a true disease and the use of PRO-based diagnosis of PE was not generally accepted (14%). Treatment options of both disorders were chosen as expected. Referral to the andrologist is usually scheduled in moderate-to-severe PE or severe ED. The cohort seemed to be mostly neutral (50%-75% for ED and 40%-55% for PE) regarding patient reluctancy to talk about their sexual problem. Patients' partners play an important role in helping men seeking treatment. CONCLUSION: Urologists should show more proactivity during anamnesis and routine visits to improve management of ED and PD.

Early diagnosis. / Detección temprana.

There is broad agreement on the impact that underdiagnosis and late diagnosis of HIV infection have on the health of people with HIV and on the persistence of the epidemic due to an inadvertent increase in transmission. The need to develop strategies that increase the number of diagnoses, and specifically the number of early diagnoses, is therefore urgent. Many such strategies have been launched in other countries and, in Spain, have been recommended by the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality (MSSSI). The multidisciplinary group recommends the review and implementation of different measures in both health and community settings.

Usefulness of The Piko-6 Portable Device for Early COPD Detection in Primary Care. / Utilidad del dispositivo portátil Piko-6 para la detección precoz de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en atención primaria.

INTRODUCTION: COPD is a highly prevalent but underdiagnosed disease, due to the limited availability of forced spirometry (FS) in primary care (PC). Microspirometers are inexpensive, easy-to-use devices that can measure FEV6 and FEV1/FEV6, and may help reduce underdiagnosis. The aim of this study was to validate the Piko-6 COPD screening device by demonstrating a good correlation with standard FS. METHODS: FS and Piko-6 determinations were made in 155 patients suspected of having COPD. The correlations, ROC curves, and Youden's index of both methods were compared, taking FS as the gold standard. RESULTS: FEV1, FVC and FEV6 correlation coefficients and FEV1/FVC and FEV1/FEV6 ratios were 0.87 (CI 0.836-0.909), 0.729 (CI 064-0.795) and 0.947 (95% CI 0.928-0.961), respectively. The ROC curve for FEV1 determined by Piko-6 achieved an area under the curve of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78-0.92). Youden's index with a cut-off point of 0.70 for FEV1/FEV6 was 0.97. CONCLUSIONS: Piko-6 may be useful for COPD screening in PC. Measurements obtained with this device correlate well with those determined by FS, particularly the FEV1/FEV6 ratio. This, combined with its low cost and ease of use, may contribute to reducing COPD underdiagnosis, although its exact role in the diagnostic process remains to be determined.

[Not Available]. / Impacto de la adecuada codificación de la desnutrición y procesos asociados sobre el índice case-mix en patologías médicas y quirúrgicas.

Introducción: la clasificación por procesos según el sistema de los grupos relacionados con el diagnóstico permite clasificar los diferentes procesos acorde a un consumo de recursos equivalentes. La complejidad de los procesos según el índice case-mix permite solicitar un mayor o menor presupuesto para la atención de los pacientes. La desnutrición tiene capacidad para aumentar el índice case-mix si bien en muchos casos este diagnóstico y el de los procesos nutricionales no se realizan de forma adecuada. Objetivo: determinar si la adecuada codificación de la desnutrición es capaz de aumentar el índice case-mix y si este aumento es dependiente de la documentación del mismo por un médico especialista, el tipo de proceso o el servicio de ingreso. Resultados: en una serie aleatorizada de 100 pacientes, la documentación de desnutrición y procesos asociados por parte de un médico especialista en Endocrinología y Nutrición produjo un aumento de 0,68 puntos en el índice case-mix (IC95: 0,48-0,88). El impacto fue mayor en procesos médicos que en quirúrgicos (0,42 puntos [IC95: 0,03-0,81]). Por servicios, el impacto fue positivo en Medicina Interna y Cirugía General. El tamaño muestral para el cálculo del resto de servicios no alcanzó tamaño muestral suficiente. Conclusión: el aumento de recursos humanos (médicos especialistas en Endocrinología y Nutrición) es viable en términos de gestión por el aumento del índice case-mix dependiente de su presencia en un contexto de práctica clínica habitual, no de investigación.

[Quality of registration of dementia diagnosis in primary care: The situation in Spain in 2002-2011]. / Calidad del registro del diagnóstico de demencia en atención primaria. La situación en España en el periodo 2002-2011.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the diagnosis associated with specific treatment for dementia in the Primary Care Electronic Clinical Record (PC-ECR) and to analyse the factors associated with the quality of registration. METHODS: Descriptive study of patients taking cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine registered in Database for pharmacoepidemiological research in PC (BIFAP) 2011: 24,575 patients between 2002 and 2011. Diagnoses associated with first prescription of these drugs were grouped into 5 categories: "dementia", "memory impairment", "dementia-related diseases", "intercurrent processes" and "convenience codes". We calculated the prevalence of each category by age and sex for each study year (95%CI) and analysed the associations and trend for 2002-2011 using difference in proportions in independent samples and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: A code of "dementia" was associated with first prescription in 56.5% (95%CI: 55.8-57.1) of patients. It was higher in women [OR1.09 (95%CI: 1.03-1.15)] and with increasing follow-up time [OR1.07 (95%CI: 1.06-1.08) for each year of follow-up]. "Convenience codes" [16.3% (95%CI: 15.8-16.7)] were coded more frequently in women and in those ≥80 years; "Memory impairment" [12.4% (95%CI: 12.0-12.8)], "related diseases" [4.6% (95%CI: 4.4-4.8)] and "intercurrent processes" [10.3% (95%CI: 9.9-10.6)] were used more in men and in persons <80 years. Between 2002 and 2011 improved the use of "convenience codes". CONCLUSIONS: Almost half of the patients taking cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine do not have a diagnosis of dementia registered in their PC-ECR. Registration improves with increasing time of follow-up. Improvements are needed in the PC-ECR, adequate care coordination, and proactive approach to increase the quality of dementia registration.

[SEMERGEN positioning for the treatment of alcohol disorders in primary care]. / Posicionamiento de SEMERGEN para el abordaje de los trastornos por consumo de alcohol en atención primaria.

The present manuscript is based on the recommendations of a panel of health care professionals, including several experts in primary health care, psychiatry and addictions. The participants are recognized specialists in the treatment of alcohol use disorder. The panel met in Barcelona on 2015 April 22 with the aims of evaluating the current management of alcohol use disorder in primary health care and developing a strategy to address this problem, basing on the evidence and the recommendations of the scientific societies and national and international organizations.

Comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico del asma bronquial en menores de 15 años / Bronchial Asthma Clinical and epidemiological pattern in children younger 15 years

El asma bronquial es la enfermedad crónica más frecuente de la infancia, cuya prevalencia estimada en Cuba es de 8,2 por ciento. La identificación y el control de los factores de riesgo constituyen un pilar importante en el manejo de esta entidad. Objetivos: caracterizar el comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico del asma bronquial en menores de 15 años del policlínico Ana Betancourt. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, durante el período del mes de abril de 2010 a marzo de 2011. Inicialmente se aplicó el cuestionario ISSAC para identificar un posible subregistro de asma. Se empleó la clasificación Global Initiative for Asthma 2007, que permitió agrupar clínicamente a los menores en cuatro categorías. Finalmente se aplicó, a la totalidad de la muestra, un cuestionario para la identificación de los factores de riesgo. Resultados: se identificó una morbilidad oculta de 9,3 por ciento. Con asma leve intermitente: 30 pacientes; leve persistente: 21; moderado persistente: 28 y con asma severa: 14. La totalidad de los pacientes tenían antecedentes familiares de atopia y desencadenaban las crisis con los cambios climáticos. El 95,0 por ciento era sensible a inhalantes respiratorios y en el 64,0 por ciento de los hogares se detectó la presencia de fumadores. Conclusiones: el asma bronquial persiste como una enfermedad infradiagnosticada. En el orden epidemiológico, los antecedentes familiares de atopia y los cambios de tiempo, aventajaron a los restantes factores de riesgo asociados...

Bronchial Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood in Cuba whose estimated prevalence is 8.2 percent. The identification and control of its risk factors is an important pillar in the management of this entity. Objective: to characterize the clinical and epidemiological behavior of Asthma in children younger 15 years at Ana Betancourt polyclinic. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2010 to March 2011. Initially the ISSAC questionnaire was used to identify a possible asthma underreporting. 2007 Global Initiative for Asthma classification was used, which allowed clinically grouping minors into four categories. Finally, a questionnaire to identify risk factors was applied to the entire sample. Results: a hidden morbidity of 9.3 percent was identified. With mild intermittent asthma: 30 patients; mild persistent: 21; persistent moderate 28; and severe asthma: 14. All the patients had a family history of atopy, and crises were triggered by weather changes. 95.0 percent were sensitive to respiratory inhalants and 64.0 percent was detected to have smokers at home. Conclusions: bronchial Asthma persists as an underdiagnosed disease. Regarding the epidemiological aspect, family history of atopy and weather changes, outdid the other associated risk factors...

Comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico del asma bronquial en menores de 15 años / Bronchial Asthma Clinical and epidemiological pattern in children younger 15 years

Introducción: el asma bronquial es la enfermedad crónica más frecuente de la infancia, cuya prevalencia estimada en Cuba es de 8,2 por ciento. La identificación y el control de los factores de riesgo constituyen un pilar importante en el manejo de esta entidad. Objetivos: caracterizar el comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico del asma bronquial en menores de 15 años del policlínico Ana Betancourt. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, durante el período del mes de abril de 2010 a marzo de 2011. Inicialmente se aplicó el cuestionario ISSAC para identificar un posible subregistro de asma. Se empleó la clasificación Global Initiative for Asthma 2007, que permitió agrupar clínicamente a los menores en cuatro categorías. Finalmente se aplicó, a la totalidad de la muestra, un cuestionario para la identificación de los factores de riesgo. Resultados: se identificó una morbilidad oculta de 9,3 por ciento. Con asma leve intermitente: 30 pacientes; leve persistente: 21; moderado persistente: 28 y con asma severa: 14. La totalidad de los pacientes tenían antecedentes familiares de atopia y desencadenaban las crisis con los cambios climáticos. El 95,0 por ciento era sensible a inhalantes respiratorios y en el 64,0 por ciento de los hogares se detectó la presencia de fumadores. Conclusiones: el asma bronquial persiste como una enfermedad infradiagnosticada. En el orden epidemiológico, los antecedentes familiares de atopia y los cambios de tiempo, aventajaron a los restantes factores de riesgo asociados(AU)

Introduction: bronchial Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood in Cuba whose estimated prevalence is 8.2 percent. The identification and control of its risk factors is an important pillar in the management of this entity. Objective: to characterize the clinical and epidemiological behavior of Asthma in children younger 15 years at Ana Betancourt polyclinic. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2010 to March 2011. Initially the ISSAC questionnaire was used to identify a possible asthma underreporting. 2007 Global Initiative for Asthma classification was used, which allowed clinically grouping minors into four categories. Finally, a questionnaire to identify risk factors was applied to the entire sample. Results: a hidden morbidity of 9.3 percent was identified. With mild intermittent asthma: 30 patients; mild persistent: 21; persistent moderate 28; and severe asthma: 14. All the patients had a family history of atopy, and crises were triggered by weather changes. 95.0 percent were sensitive to respiratory inhalants and 64.0 percent was detected to have smokers at home. Conclusions: bronchial Asthma persists as an underdiagnosed disease. Regarding the epidemiological aspect, family history of atopy and weather changes, outdid the other associated risk factors(AU)

Survey about the use of lung function testing in public hospitals in Catalonia in 2009.

BACKGROUND: Underdiagnosis is one of the problems with the greatest impact on respiratory disease management and requires specific interventions. Access to quality spirometry is especially important and is an objective of the Master Plan for Respiratory Diseases of the Department of Health of the Generalitat de Catalunya. OBJECTIVE: To determine the current use of spirometry at public hospitals in Catalonia, possible deficiencies and options for improvement. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 65 public hospitals in Catalonia in 2009. Descriptive analyses were developed for each public health-care region. RESULTS: A lack of uniformity was observed in the use of spirometry at the regional level (between 0,98 and 1.50 spirometries per 100 inhabitants). We identified two factors associated with a higher rate of spirometry: i) the existence of a Respiratory Medicine Department at the hospital, and ii) the existence of a set location to carry out spirometries. Several areas for improvement also were identified: quality control of the test itself, the inclusion of spirometry in electronic health-care records and continuing education programs. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have identified areas for improvement in spirometry programs.