Análise da Produção Legislativa em Saúde na 54ª e 55ª Legislaturas do Congresso Nacional do Brasil: o que os parlamentares produzem em saúde? / Legislative Health Production Analysis during the 54th and 55th Legislatures of the National Congress in Brazil: What do parliamentarians produce on health?

Resumo Introdução: O Poder Legislativo federal, representado pelo Congresso Nacional, é por excelência a instituição responsável pelo arcabouço legal do Brasil. A Constituição Federal de 1988 determinou que a saúde é um direito do cidadão e que o Estado tem a obrigação de prover os meios para que a alcancem plenamente. Objetivo: Analisar as 2.316 proposições legislativas apresentadas na 54ª Legislatura e nos dois anos iniciais da 55ª Legislatura que versam sobre a questão. Metodologia: trata-se de estudo descritivo com abordagem quali-quantitativa das proposições legislativas, considerando a região de origem e o partido político dos parlamentares que apresentaram as proposições; os assuntos abordados; a composição das Casas Legislativas na 54ª e 55ª Legislaturas. Resultados: Os resultados apontam para a produção legislativa que visa principalmente ao aperfeiçoamento do Sistema Único de Saúde e para a baixa atenção a outros temas, como a saúde indígena. Conclusão: Devido à omissão parlamentar em diversos campos da saúde, há uma especial tendência a deixar ao Poder Executivo o poder de legislar sobre determinadas matérias sanitárias.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Federal Legislative Branch, represented by the Congress, is the institution responsible for the legal framework of Brazil. The Federal Constitution of 1988 determined health as a right for the citizens, and the State is obliged to provide it so they can achieve full health. Objective: To analyze 2,316 legislative proposals presented in the 54th Legislature and during the first two years of the 55th Legislature regarding health issues. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach of the legislative propositions considering its region of origin and the political party involved with the proposals; regarding subjects and the House of Legislative composition during the 54th and 55th Legislatures. Results: The results state that the legislative production aims to improve the Unified Health System and show little attention to other issues such as indigenous health. Conclusion: Due to parliamentary omission in several health fields, there is a tendency to leave to the Executive Branch the power to legislate on certain health matters.

Commitment without confinement. Outpatient compulsory care for substance abuse, and severe mental disorder in Sweden.

In Sweden, a person with severe substance abuse or a severe mental disorder may be committed to compulsory care according to two different legislations. Both acts include an option of providing involuntary care outside the premises of an institution - care in other forms (COF) and compulsory community care (CCC), respectively. As co-occurring disorders are commonplace many individuals will be subject to both types of compulsory care. The structures of both legislations and their provisions for compulsory care in the community are therefore scrutinized and compared. Based on a distinction between "least restrictive" or "preventative" schemes the article compares COF and CCC in order to determine whether they serve different purposes. The analysis shows that COF and CCC both share the same avowed aims of reducing time spent in confinement and facilitating transition to voluntary care and the community. But they also serve different purposes, something which is reflected in disparate scopes, eligibility criteria, rules, and practices. Overall, COF was found to be a more "least restrictive" and CCC a more "preventative" scheme. The distinction is associated with COF being an established part of legislation on compulsory care for substance abuse with a universal scope and CCC being a recent addition to compulsory psychiatric care legislation with a selective character.