Evaluation of Medical Subject Headings assignment in simulated patient articles.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate human-based Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) allocation in articles about 'patient simulation'-a technique that mimics real-life patient scenarios with controlled patient responses. METHODS: A validation set of articles indexed before the Medical Text Indexer-Auto implementation (in 2019) was created with 150 combinations potentially referring to 'patient simulation'. Articles were classified into four categories of simulation studies. Allocation of seven MeSH terms (Simulation Training, Patient Simulation, High Fidelity Simulation Training, Computer Simulation, Patient-Specific Modelling, Virtual Reality, and Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy) was investigated. Accuracy metrics (sensitivity, precision, or positive predictive value) were calculated for each category of studies. KEY FINDINGS: A set of 7213 articles was obtained from 53 different word combinations, with 2634 excluded as irrelevant. 'Simulated patient' and 'standardized/standardized patient' were the most used terms. The 4579 included articles, published in 1044 different journals, were classified into: 'Machine/Automation' (8.6%), 'Education' (75.9%) and 'Practice audit' (11.4%); 4.1% were 'Unclear'. Articles were indexed with a median of 10 MeSH (IQR 8-13); however, 45.5% were not indexed with any of the seven MeSH terms. Patient Simulation was the most prevalent MeSH (24.0%). Automation articles were more associated with Computer Simulation MeSH (sensitivity = 54.5%; precision = 25.1%), while Education articles were associated with Patient Simulation MeSH (sensitivity = 40.2%; precision = 80.9%). Practice audit articles were also polarized to Patient Simulation MeSH (sensitivity = 34.6%; precision = 10.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Inconsistent use of free-text words related to patient simulation was observed, as well as inaccuracies in human-based MeSH assignments. These limitations can compromise relevant literature retrieval to support evidence synthesis exercises.

Estructura y manejo del tiempo en jóvenes mexicanos durante la pandemia covid-19 / Structure and management of time among Mexican young people during the Covid-19 pandemic / Estrutura e gestão do tempo entre jovens mexicanos durante a pandemia de COVID-19

Resumen (analítico) De acuerdo con las ideas de que la concepción del tiempo es un recurso valioso para el ser humano y que la estructuración y manejo de este durante la pandemia afectó a las juventudes debido a las medidas sanitarias implementadas, el objetivo fue describir el grado de estructuración y propósito en el manejo del tiempo de una muestra de jóvenes mexicanos(as) durante la pandemia por covid-19. Participaron 192 jóvenes, quienes respondieron una cédula de datos personales y el cuestionario de estructura del tiempo. Los resultados sugieren que variables como la escolaridad, las condiciones de vivienda y familia, así como las pérdidas por covid-19 modularon la estructura del tiempo. Se concluye que la pandemia repercutió en la forma en la cual los(as) jóvenes y adultos jóvenes estructuraron el tiempo.

Abstract (analytical) Based on the idea that time is a valuable resource for human beings and the structuring and management of time during the pandemic affected young adults, the objective of this study was to describe the time structuring and management used by a sample of Mexican young people during the Covid-19 pandemic. A total of 192 young people answered a personal data survey and a Time Structure Questionnaire (TSQ). The results of the questionnaire suggest that variables such as schooling, housing, and family conditions, as well as the loss of family members due to Covid-19, modulated the young people's time structure. The authors conclude that the pandemic had an impact on the structuring and management of time among the young adults included in the sample.

Resumo (analítico) Partindo da ideia de que a concepção do tempo é um recurso valioso para o ser humano e que a sua estruturação e gestão, durante a pandemia, afetou a juventude devido às medidas sanitárias implementadas, objetivou-se descrever o grau de estruturação e finalidade na gestão do tempo de uma amostra de jovens mexicanos durante a pandemia de covid-19. Participaram 192 jovens, que responderam a um formulario de dados pessoais e ao Time Structure Questionnaire (TSQ). Os resultados sugerem que variáveis como escolaridade, moradia e condições familiares, bem como perdas por covid-19 influenciam a estrutura do tempo. Conclui-se que a pandemia teve impacto na forma como o tempo é estruturado nos jovens e adultos jovens da amostra.

[The key is in the words]. / La clave está en las palabras.

What is the role of keywords in a scholarly article? What are they for? Are keywords and descriptors the same? In this editorial those and other questions related to the use of keywords are answered, in order for the authors of scholarly articles to choose them properly so that they can guide their potential readers and increase the visibility of their article, which can lead to its citation.

¿Cuál es la función de las palabras clave en un artículo científico? ¿Para qué sirven? ¿Son lo mismo que los descriptores? En el presente editorial se responden esas y otras preguntas relacionadas con el uso de las palabras clave, a fin de que los autores de artículos científicos las elijan de una mejor manera para guiar a sus potenciales lectores y aumentar la visibilidad de su artículo, lo cual puede incrementar las probabilidades de que sea citado.

La clave está en las palabras / The key is in the words

¿Cuál es la función de las palabras clave en un artículo científico? ¿Para qué sirven? ¿Son lo mismo que los descriptores? En el pre- sente editorial se responden esas y otras preguntas relacionadas con el uso de las palabras clave, a fin de que los autores de artí- culos científicos las elijan de una mejor manera para guiar a sus potenciales lectores y aumentar la visibilidad de su artículo, lo cual puede incrementar las probabilidades de que sea citado.

What is the role of keywords in a scholarly article? What are they for? Are keywords and descriptors the same? In this editorial those and other questions related to the use of keywords are answered, in order for the authors of scholarly articles to choose them properly so that they can guide their potential readers and increase the visibility of their article, which can lead to its citation.

New Health Sciences Descriptors to classify and retrieve information on equity.

The Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) vocabulary establishes a unique and common language that allows the organization and facilitates the search and retrieval of technical and scientific literature on health available in the information sources of the Virtual Health Library. The DeCS, created by the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (BIREME), a specialized center of the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), is the translation and extension of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) vocabulary, maintained by the United States National Library of Medicine. BIREME, in coordination with experts from Latin America and the Caribbean, has included in the DeCS the topics of equity, gender, ethnicity and human rights-cross-cutting themes in the programmatic framework of PAHO/WHO technical cooperation-to ensure better retrieval and use of scientific information and evidence related to these topics. The objective of this article is to describe the methodology used during the terminology review of the DeCS and to report the results obtained and the impacts of the terminology expansion in the field of equity, which included the inclusion of 35 new descriptors.

El vocabulario Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS) establece un lenguaje único y común que permite la organización y facilita la búsqueda y recuperación de la literatura técnica y científica en salud disponible en las fuentes de información de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. El DeCS, creado por el Centro Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Información en Ciencias de la Salud (BIREME), un centro especializado de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS), es la traducción y la extensión del vocabulario Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), mantenido por la National Library of Medicine de los Estados Unidos. BIREME, en coordinación con expertos de América Latina y el Caribe, ha incluido en el DeCS los temas de equidad, género, etnicidad y derechos humanos ­temas transversales en el marco programático de la cooperación técnica de la OPS/OMS­ para garantizar una mejor recuperación y uso de la información y evidencia científica relacionadas a estos temas. El objetivo de este artículo es describir el método de revisión terminológica del DeCS e informar los resultados obtenidos y los impactos de la ampliación terminológica en el área de equidad, que comprendió la inclusión de 35 nuevos descriptores.

Análisis temático desde el Observatorio Métrico de Coronavirus de las investigaciones publicadas en PubMed / Thematic analysis from the Coronavirus Metric Observatory of the research published in PubMed

La experiencia científica de los últimos meses contra la pandemia de la COVID-19 muestra una celeridad nunca vista, así mismo, es inédita la velocidad en la publicación de los resultados de tales investigaciones. El contexto revela la carrera sostenida que tiene la ciencia contra la expansión de este letal virus. En el presente estudio se documentan evidencias bibliográficas para reconocer a PubMed como uno de los principales recursos de información científica sobre medicina que existen en el mundo. Es una necesidad del gremio científico médico e investigativo en el contexto de la COVID-19 conocer las temáticas que abordan los principales artículos de la base de datos. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el comportamiento temático de los artículos publicados por PubMed sobre coronavirus en el primer semestre del año 2020 utilizando como herramienta de análisis al Observatorio Métrico de Coronavirus de la Universidad de Pinar del Río. El interés científico del estudio se concentra en las variables materia, MeSH y palabras clave; las que son analizadas con diferentes técnicas métricas que facilitan la visualización e interpretación de los resultados. Se demostró que PubMed, entre los temas más recurrentes, ha socializado investigaciones en virología, microbiología, farmacéutica, medicina general integral y sus relaciones con la oncología, neurología, pediatría, psicología, psiquiatría, oftalmología, nutrición, telemedicina y dispositivos médicos(AU)

The scientific experience of recent months against the COVID-19 pandemic shows a speed never seen before, likewise, the speed in the publication of the results of such investigations is unprecedented. The context reveals the sustained race in science against the spread of this deadly virus. In this study, bibliographic evidence is documented to recognize PubMed as one of the main sources of scientific information on medicine that exist in the world. In the context of COVID-19, it is a necessity for the scientific, medical and research union to know the issues addressed by the main articles in the database. The objective of this research is to analyze the thematic behavior of the articles published by PubMed on coronavirus in the first half of 2020, using the Coronavirus Metric Observatory of the University of Pinar del Río as an analysis tool. The scientific interest of the study is concentrated in the variables subject, MeSH and keywords; those that are analyzed with different metric techniques that facilitate the visualization and interpretation of the results. It was shown that PubMed, among the most recurrent topics, has socialized research in virology, microbiology, pharmaceuticals, comprehensive general medicine and their relationships with oncology, neurology, pediatrics, psychology, psychiatry, ophthalmology, nutrition, telemedicine and medical devices(AU)

Luto gestacional e neonatal: emergência de uma nova problemática / Gestational and neonatal mourning: emergency of a new social problem

Esta dissertação investiga a construção dos fenômenos da morte e do luto gestacional e neonatal como problemática social e experiência de saúde na contemporaneidade. A medicina e os avanços tecnológicos têm promovido transformações relativas aos valores acerca da reprodução e do nascituro/recém-nascido. A redução das taxas de mortalidade alcançadas pela medicina a partir da metade do séc. XX oblitera o tema dos possíveis desenlaces fatais das gestações. Qualificados como "bebês", conceptos encarnam projetos de família e, por conseguinte, podem adquirir para o par parental o estatuto de pessoa, ainda que sua vida não tenha vingado. Diante do óbito prematuro (seja na gestação ou no pós-parto), observa-se o desinvestimento médico e dos serviços de saúde: as mulheres acometidas padecem de invisibilidade e ausência de cuidado. Este trabalho consiste, de um lado, na abordagem etnográfica documental dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS/MeSH) com o objetivo de delinear valores e normas de conduta biomédicos relacionados à assistência reprodutiva e à do recém-nascido. O conjunto de classificações biomédicas é permeado por moralidades distintas que concedem ora a condição de resto fetal, ora o estatuto de pessoa, paciente e cidadão. De outro lado, dada a escassez de literatura brasileira, foram analisadas produções feministas/acadêmicas norte-americanas e francesas acerca da crescente visibilização do fenômeno do luto gestacional e neonatal (LGNN). Em resposta ao vácuo social do par parental cujo filho não sobreviveu, profissionais e acadêmicas engajam-se na ressignificação dos projetos de maternidade (e paternidade) interrompidos. São discursos e práticas calcados em críticas à episteme e hierarquia médicas. O entrelaçamento entre afetação e saber especializado oferece visibilidade e inserção coletiva às trajetórias femininas atravessadas pela morte prematura de filhos; o ideário do luto GNN concede novos sentidos à procriação, ao corpo feminino e à pessoa do nascituro/recém-nascido.

This dissertation investigates the construction of the phenomena of gestational and neonatal death and mourning as a contemporary social problem and health experience. Technological advances have promoted changes in the values of reproduction and personhood of the unborn/newborn. The decrease of the mortality rates, achieved by the applied medical science in the middle of the twentieth century, obliterates possible fatalities in the outcomes of pregnancies. Qualified as "babies", unborn children embody family projects and can be given the sense of personhood, regardless of its survival. However, when facing premature death (gestational or after birth), doctors and caregivers reduce the offers of services: affected women suffer from invisibility and absence of care. This research consists, on one hand, in the ethnography of Medical Subject Headings (DeCS/MeSH) to delineate biomedical values and norms of conduct related to reproductive and neonatal care. The set of biomedical classifications is permeated by ambiguous moralities that sometimes grant the condition of fetal waste, or the status of person, patient, and citizen. On the other hand, given the lack of Brazilian literature, North American and French authors ground the analysis of the growing visibility of the phenomenon of gestational and neonatal mourning. In response to the social gap experienced by the couple whose child did not survive, caregivers and academics engage themselves in the production of frames for the interrupted projects of motherhood (and fatherhood). The discourses and practices are based on criticisms of the medical knowledge and hierarchy. The intertwining between affectation and expertise offers visibility and integration to the women who suffered the premature death of their children; the ideology of gestational and neonatal (GNN) mourning assigns new meanings to the process of procreation, the female body, and the personhood of the unborn/newborn.

New Health Sciences Descriptors to classify and retrieve information on equity / Nuevos Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud para clasificar y recuperar información sobre equidad

ABSTRACT The Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) vocabulary establishes a unique and common language that allows the organization and facilitates the search and retrieval of technical and scientific literature on health available in the information sources of the Virtual Health Library. The DeCS, created by the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (BIREME), a specialized center of the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), is the translation and extension of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) vocabulary, maintained by the United States National Library of Medicine. BIREME, in coordination with experts from Latin America and the Caribbean, has included in the DeCS the topics of equity, gender, ethnicity and human rights—cross-cutting themes in the programmatic framework of PAHO/WHO technical cooperation—to ensure better retrieval and use of scientific information and evidence related to these topics. The objective of this article is to describe the methodology used during the terminology review of the DeCS and to report the results obtained and the impacts of the terminology expansion in the field of equity, which included the inclusion of 35 new descriptors.

RESUMEN El vocabulario Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS) establece un lenguaje único y común que permite la organización y facilita la búsqueda y recuperación de la literatura técnica y científica en salud disponible en las fuentes de información de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. El DeCS, creado por el Centro Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Información en Ciencias de la Salud (BIREME), un centro especializado de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS), es la traducción y la extensión del vocabulario Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), mantenido por la National Library of Medicine de los Estados Unidos. BIREME, en coordinación con expertos de América Latina y el Caribe, ha incluido en el DeCS los temas de equidad, género, etnicidad y derechos humanos —temas transversales en el marco programático de la cooperación técnica de la OPS/OMS— para garantizar una mejor recuperación y uso de la información y evidencia científica relacionadas a estos temas. El objetivo de este artículo es describir el método de revisión terminológica del DeCS e informar los resultados obtenidos y los impactos de la ampliación terminológica en el área de equidad, que comprendió la inclusión de 35 nuevos descriptores.

Frecuencia de dirofilariosis en caninos de la localidad 3 de Cartagena, Bolívar (Colombia) / Frequency of dirofilariosis in canines of the locality 3 of Cartagena, Bolívar (Colombia)

RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de dirofilariosis en caninos de la localidad 3 de la ciudad de Cartagena. Materiales y métodos: estudio correlacional de corte transversal. Se tomaron muestras de sangre de 128 perros con el consentimiento previo e informado de sus dueños. Se registró la información sociodemográfica y los síntomas. A las muestras se les realizo observación directa, extendido de sangre periferia coloreado con Wright y la técnica de Knott. Resultados: se estableció que 19,5% de los perros se encontraban parasitados con Dirofilaria sp. Los signos sugestivos de dirofilariosis más frecuentes fueron pérdida de peso y disminución del apetito (10,9% cada uno). El 76% de los caninos eran mestizos. Conclusiones: la frecuencia de dirofilariosis se concentra principalmente en barrios de escasos recursos, los síntomas identificados son sugestivos de una dirofilariosis canina.

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the frequency of dirofilariosis in canines from locality 3 of Cartagena city. Materials and methods: cross-sectional correlational study. Blood samples were taken for 128 dogs prior informed consent by their owners. Sociodemographic information and symptoms were registered. The samples have been analyzed using direct examination, Wright stained blood smear and Knott technique. Results: it was established that 19.5% of dogs were parasitized by Dirofilaria sp. Most common signs suggestive of Dirofilariosis were weight loss, and decreased appetite (10.9% each). 76% were mixed race dogs. Conclusions: the frequency of dirofilariosis focused on lower income neighborhoods. The identified symptoms are suggestive of canine dirofilariasis.

Pandemic's glossary: The ABC of coronavirus concepts / Glosario para una pandemia: el ABC de los conceptos sobre el coronavirus.

Currently, the world is facing the pandemic generated by SARS-CoV-2. There are no no pharmacological measures for the prevention or treatment of this infection and, so far, it has caused more than 4´880.000 confirmed cases and 322.000 deaths. The different strategies for the control of the disease that have been proposed involve the participation of different actors. Such participation, guided by legal guidelines based on public health measures, include containment, mitigation, physical isolation, and quarantine. As this is a populationbased problem, information plays a primary role; however, the many new terms hat have arisen and their misuse confuse and, therefore, misinform thus limiting citizen participation. For this reason, we conducted a review of the terms used in epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases, particularly COVID-19. We considered and differentiated the relevant terms to facilitate the understanding of pathogen's behavior and epidemic and pandemic cycles, as well as the criteria for public health decision-making for the general public. This glossary should facilitate the use of the terms and standardize the information.

Actualmente, el mundo se enfrenta a la pandemia generada por el SARS-CoV-2, infección para la cual no hay medidas farmacológicas de prevención ni tratamiento. Hasta el momento, ha dejado más de 4´880.000 casos confirmados y 322.000 muertes. Se han propuesto diferentes estrategias para el control de la enfermedad que implican la participación de diferentes sectores de la sociedad con acciones guiadas por lineamientos jurídicos y basados en medidas de salud pública, entre ellas, la contención, la mitigación, el aislamiento físico y la cuarentena. Dado que se trata de una situación de dimensión poblacional, la información tiene un papel fundamental; sin embargo, la proliferación de términos nuevos, muchas veces usados erróneamente, causa confusión y desinformación y, en consecuencia, limitan la participación ciudana. En ese contexto, en el presente documento se hizo una revisión de los términos utilizados en epidemias y pandemias de enfermedades infecciosas, con énfasis en la COVID-19, para facilitar al público general la comprensión de los términos relevantes sobre el comportamiento de los agentes patógenos y de su ciclo epidémico y pandémico, así como los criterios para la adopción de las decisiones pertinentes en salud pública. Se aspira a que el glosario resultante ayude al uso correcto de los términos y a homogenizar la información.

[New Health Science Descriptors to classify and retrieve information on equity]. / Nuevos Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud para clasificar y recuperar información sobre equidad.

The Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) vocabulary establishes a unique and common language that allows the organization and facilitates the search and retrieval of technical and scientific literature on health available in the information sources of the Virtual Health Library. The DeCS, created by the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (BIREME), a specialized center of the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), is the translation and extension of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) vocabulary, maintained by the United States National Library of Medicine. BIREME, in coordination with experts from Latin America and the Caribbean, has included in the DeCS the topics of equity, gender, ethnicity and human rights-cross-cutting themes in the programmatic framework of PAHO/WHO technical cooperation-to ensure better retrieval and use of scientific information and evidence related to these topics. The objective of this article is to describe the methodology used during the terminology review of the DeCS and to report the results obtained and the impacts of the terminology expansion in the field of equity, which included the inclusion of 35 new descriptors.

Glosario para una pandemia: el ABC de los conceptos sobre el coronavirus / Pandemic's glossary: The ABC of coronavirus concepts

Actualmente, el mundo se enfrenta a la pandemia generada por el SARS-CoV-2, infección para la cual no hay medidas farmacológicas de prevención ni tratamiento. Hasta el momento, ha dejado más de 4'880.000 casos confirmados y 322.000 muertes. Se han propuesto diferentes estrategias para el control de la enfermedad que implican la participación de diferentes sectores de la sociedad con acciones guiadas por lineamientos jurídicos y basados en medidas de salud pública, entre ellas, la contención, la mitigación, el aislamiento físico y la cuarentena. Dado que se trata de una situación de dimensión poblacional, la información tiene un papel fundamental; sin embargo, la proliferación de términos nuevos, muchas veces usados erróneamente, causa confusión y desinformación y, en consecuencia, limitan la participación ciudanía. En ese contexto, en el presente documento se hizo una revisión de los términos utilizados en epidemias y pandemias de enfermedades infecciosas, con énfasis en la COVID-19, para facilitar al público general la comprensión de los términos relevantes sobre el comportamiento de los agentes patógenos y de su ciclo epidémico y pandémico, así como los criterios para la adopción de las decisiones pertinentes en salud pública. Se aspira a que el glosario resultante ayude al uso correcto de los términos y a homogenizar la información.

Currently, the world is facing the pandemic generated by SARS-CoV-2. There are no no pharmacological measures for the prevention or treatment of this infection and, so far, it has caused more than 4'880.000 confirmed cases and 322.000 deaths. The different strategies for the control of the disease that have been proposed involve the participation of different actors. Such participation, guided by legal guidelines based on public health measures, include containment, mitigation, physical isolation, and quarantine. As this is a population-based problem, information plays a primary role; however, the many new terms hat have arisen and their misuse confuse and, therefore, misinform thus limiting citizen participation. For this reason, we conducted a review of the terms used in epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases, particularly COVID-19. We considered and differentiated the relevant terms to facilitate the understanding of pathogen's behavior and epidemic and pandemic cycles, as well as the criteria for public health decision-making for the general public. This glossary should facilitate the use of the terms and standardize the information.

The evidence-based medicine PICO strategy applied to dentistry using MeSH, Emtree and DeCS / Estrategia PICO de la medicina basada en la evidencia aplicada a odontología con uso de los tesauros MeSH, Emtree y DeCS

Abstract Introduction: the PICO mnemonic is an evidence-based medicine tool that helps formulate the research questions needed to conduct the right search for scientific information. To properly classify this information, controlled languages or thesauruses are used for information retrieval. The aim was to identify whether the PICO search strategy in evidence-based medicine using the MeSH, Emtree and DeCS thesauruses answers a research question in the field of dentistry. Methods: to carry out the PICO strategy, a research question was formulated, identifying the natural language terms for each component of the PICO acronym, which were normalized into the three thesauruses to create the search equations. Results: 43 results were found on Medline through PubMed, 5 on Embase, and 0 on LILACS. There were 4 original articles that answer the research question, proving to be an effective strategy for finding clinical evidence. Conclusion: this study shows that the strategy helps obtain results to answer the question posed. It should be noted that, in order to successfully search and retrieve information, researchers should use the PICO strategy and get familiar with the thesauruses that help structure search equations in the various bibliographic databases.

Resumen Introducción: la mnemotecnia PICO es una herramienta de la medicina basada en la evidencia que facilita la formulación de preguntas de investigación necesarias para realizar una correcta búsqueda de información científica. Para clasificar adecuadamente esta información se utilizan lenguajes controlados o tesauros que permiten ubicar dicha información. El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en identificar si la estrategia de búsqueda PICO de la medicina basada en la evidencia, utilizando los tesauros MeSH, Emtree y DeCS, responde a una pregunta de investigación en el campo de la odontología. Métodos: para llevar a cabo la estrategia PICO, se elaboró una pregunta de investigación, se identificaron los términos en lenguaje natural para cada componente del acrónimo PICO, posteriormente se normalizaron en los tres tesauros y se construyeron las ecuaciones de búsqueda. Resultados: se encontraron 43 resultados en Medline a través de la plataforma PubMed, 5 en Embase y 0 en LILACS. Se identificaron 4 artículos originales que responden la pregunta de investigación, demostrando ser una estrategia eficaz para la búsqueda de evidencia clínica. Conclusión: el ejercicio realizado en el presente trabajo logró demostrar que la estrategia permite obtener resultados que responden a la pregunta planteada. Cabe resaltar que, para tener éxito en la búsqueda y obtención de información, los investigadores deberían utilizar la estrategia PICO y conocer los diferentes tesauros que facilitan la construcción de las ecuaciones de búsqueda en las diferentes bases de datos bibliográficas.

Busca em bases de dados eletrônicas da área da saúde: por onde começar / Search in databases area electronics health: where to start

Introdução: Com o crescimento contínuo das informações disponíveis na área da saúde, é fundamental que o profissional da saúde desenvolva habilidades e competências para realizar buscas de evidências cientificas. Objetivo: Apresentar as principais bases da área da saúde e os mecanismos de busca específicos para cada uma delas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo desenvolvido na Disciplina de Medicina Baseada em Evidências da Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). Resultados: Este estudo apresentou os quatro passos do processo de busca em uma base de dados científica da área da saúde: (1) identificação da pergunta estruturada por meio dos acrônimos PICO/PECO, (2) escolha da base de dados (3) escolha e uso dos descritores em saúde apropriados para cada base (DeCS/MeSH/EMTREE) e (4) escolha e uso dos operadores booleanos (AND/OR/AND NOT). Conclusão: O processo de elaboração de uma estratégia de busca para bases de dados da área da saúde pode ser estruturado em quatro passos iniciais, que vão da identificação da pergunta estruturada ao uso dos operadores booleanos. Apropriar-se destes passos é fundamental para conseguir elaborar uma estratégia de busca adequada, capaz de recuperar os estudos de interesse e que abordem realmente a pergunta proposta.

Teoría de la mente y empatía en niños y niñas con diagnóstico de Síndrome de Asperger / Theory of mind and empathy in children with Asperger Syndrome diagnosis and a control group

Resumen Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de los resultados obtenidos en distintas pruebas de eva luación de Teoría de la Mente (Test de expresiones faciales, Test de Sally y Ann, Historias extrañas de Happé y Faux Pas) y el Test Coeficiente de Empatía y Sistematización para niños de 4 a 11 años de Baron-Cohen; además pretendió determinar si existía una correlación entre los constructos de Teoría de la Mente y Empatía. Método: De tipo cuantitativo, empírico-analítico, exploratorio-descriptivo y de campo, donde se tomó como muestra para el grupo de casos a 8 niños y 2 niñas, en tre los 7 y los 11 años de edad, diagnosticado(a)s con síndrome de Asperger, asistentes a procesos terapéuticos en un Instituto de Desarrollo Integral, mientras que para el grupo control seleccionó a 8 niños y 2 niñas de una Institución educativa pública de Manizales, no diagnosticado(a)s con síndrome de Asperger, equiparados con el grupo de casos respecto a género y edad; ambos grupos contaron con el respectivo consentimiento informado de sus padres o acudientes legales. El análi sis estadístico se realizó a través de las pruebas U de Mann Whitneyy Chi-Cuadrado. Resultados: Corroboraron diferencias poblacionales en las pruebas, donde el grupo control obtuvo mejores puntajes que el grupo de casos en general; sin embargo no fue posible encontrar una correlación entre la Teoría de la Mente y la Empatía. Conclusión: Se sugieren nuevas investigaciones con muestras de mayor tamaño para evitar la dispersión de los datos.

Abstract Objective: Compare the behavior of the results obtained in the different tests of theory of mind (Facial Expressions Test, Sally Anne Test, Happe's strange stories tasks and Faux Pas Test) and the coefficient Test of empathy and systematization for children 4 to 11 years by Baron-Cohen; Also was intended to determine if there is a correlation between both constructs. Method: Empirical- analytic, exploratory-descriptive and of field, it took as sample for the group of cases to 8 boys and 2 girls, betwen 7 and 11 years old, diagnosed with Asperger syndrome, assistants to thera peutic processes in an Institute of Integral development, while for the control group were took to 8 boys and 2 girls from a public educational Institution of Manizales, without the diagnostic of Asperger syndrome, matched with the group of cases respect to gender and age; both groups had the respective informed condense from their parents or their legal assistants. The statistical analysis was made with U de Mann Whitney y Chi-Cuadrado. Results: Corroborated differences in tests, where the control group got better scores than the group of cases; however, it was not possible to find a correlation between empathy and theory of mind. Conclusion: It is suggested new researches with larger sample size to avoid the dispersion of data.

Strategies to optimize MEDLINE and EMBASE search strategies for anesthesiology systematic reviews. An experimental study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A high-quality electronic search is essential for ensuring accuracy and comprehensiveness among the records retrieved when conducting systematic reviews. Therefore, we aimed to identify the most efficient method for searching in both MEDLINE (through PubMed) and EMBASE, covering search terms with variant spellings, direct and indirect orders, and associations with MeSH and EMTREE terms (or lack thereof). DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental study. UNESP, Brazil. METHODS: We selected and analyzed 37 search strategies that had specifically been developed for the field of anesthesiology. These search strategies were adapted in order to cover all potentially relevant search terms, with regard to variant spellings and direct and indirect orders, in the most efficient manner. RESULTS: When the strategies included variant spellings and direct and indirect orders, these adapted versions of the search strategies selected retrieved the same number of search results in MEDLINE (mean of 61.3%) and a higher number in EMBASE (mean of 63.9%) in the sample analyzed. The numbers of results retrieved through the searches analyzed here were not identical with and without associated use of MeSH and EMTREE terms. However, association of these terms from both controlled vocabularies retrieved a larger number of records than did the use of either one of them. CONCLUSIONS: In view of these results, we recommend that the search terms used should include both preferred and non-preferred terms (i.e. variant spellings and direct/indirect order of the same term) and associated MeSH and EMTREE terms, in order to develop highly-sensitive search strategies for systematic reviews.

Herramientas útiles y métodos de búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed: guía paso a paso para médicos / Useful tools and methods for literature retrieval in pubmed: step-by-step guide for physicians

Developing skills to search the medical literature has potential benefits on patient care and allow physicians to better orient their efforts when answering daily clinical questions. The objective of this paper is to share useful tools for optimizing medical literature retrieval in MEDLINE using PubMed including MeSH terms, filters and connectors.

Estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica publicada por la Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/ Pan American Journal of Public Health en el período de 1997 a 2012 / Bibliometric study of scientific output published by the Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/Pan American Journal of Public Health from 1997-2012

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar la producción científica de la Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/Pan American Journal of Public Health (RPSP), como publicación científica de referencia en el área de la salud pública en las Américas. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo transversal a partir de los artículos publicados en la RPSP entre 1997 y 2012. Se analizaron indicadores bibliométricos de productividad (documentos publicados, idiomas, autoría, e índices de productividad y colaboración); repercusión (factor de impacto según la Red SciELO, Journal Citation Report y SCImago); palabras clave; y referencias bibliográficas, su estructura (tipo de documento y núcleo principal de Bradford) y grado de obsolescencia (semiperíodo de Burton y Kebler, e índice de Price), entre otros. RESULTADOS: Se publicaron 2 815 artículos con una mediana de 3 autores y 2 instituciones por artículo. La proporción de artículos de investigación original aumentó en 2008-2012 con respecto a 2003-2007 y 1997-2002 (P < 0,001). El idioma predominante fue el español, desplazado por el inglés en los últimos 5 años. De las palabras clave, 88,76% se correspondían con los Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS) y mostraron una orientación salubrista y comunitaria dirigida a las Américas. El semiperíodo de Burton y Kebler de las referencias bibliográficas fue de 8 años, aunque bajó a 5 años en 2012; el índice de Price fue de 20,47%, y el núcleo de Bradford lo conformaron 20 revistas de la corriente principal; el porcentaje de autocitas fue bajo (2,07%). CONCLUSIONES: La RPSP es una publicación internacional con indicadores bibliométricos similares a los de las revistas latinoamericanas más representativas de las ciencias de la salud, con mejoras en los últimos años estudiados que la llevan a cumplir totalmente con los criterios editoriales internacionales.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the scientific output of the Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/Pan American Journal of Public Health (RPSP) as a scientific publication of reference in the public health sector in the Americas. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted based on the articles published in the RPSP from 1997-2012. Bibliometric indicators of productivity (documents published, languages, authorship, and indices of productivity and collaboration); impact (impact factor according to the SciELO Network, Journal Citation Report and SCImago); key words; and bibliographic references, their structure (document type and main nucleus of Bradford) and degree of obsolescence (Burton and Kebler half-life, and Price index), were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 2 815 articles with a median of 3 authors and 2 institutions per article were published. The percentage of original research articles increased in 2008-2012 compared to 2003-2007 and 1997-2002 (P < 0.001). The predominant language was Spanish, displaced by English in the last 5 years. A total of 88.76% of the key words referred to the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and had a public health and community orientation related to the Americas. The Burton and Kebler half-life of bibliographic references was 8 years, although it decreased to 5 years in 2012. The Price index was 20.47% and the nucleus of Bradford was made up of 20 mainstream journals. The percentage of self-citation was low (2.07%). CONCLUSIONS: The RPSP is an international publication with bibliometric indicators similar to those of the most representative Latin American health science journals, with improvements in the recent years studied that lead it to fully meet international publishing criteria.

Evaluation of the key words used in articles of the Acta Cirurgica Brasileira from 1997 to 2012 / Avaliação dos descritores utilizados nos artigos da Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira de 1997 a 2012

PURPOSE: To evaluate the key words used in Acta Cirurgica Brasileira from 1997 to 2012. METHODS: All the key words of all articles published in regular issues between 1997 and 2012 were analyzed, ensuring that these key words were in the MeSH database (Medical Subjects Headings) and the most used subject headings and most wrong repeated key words were ranked. RESULTS: > 4230 key words used in 990 articles were analyzed. Only 579 key words (13.68%) were not in the MeSH database, considering that there was a statistically significant decrease over the years (p<0.001). The three most used key words were Rats, Dogs and Wound healing. Among the wrong ones, the key words were Adhesions, Experimental surgery and Anatomosis. CONCLUSION: There was a gradual improvement in the amount of key words used that belonged to the MeSH database, and there were 618 articles (62.42%) with all key words correct.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os descritores utilizados na Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira entre os anos de 1997 até 2012. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os descritores de todos os artigos publicados em fascículos regulares entre os anos de 1997 a 2012, verificando se estes constavam no MeSH e foi feito um ranking dos descritores mais utilizados e dos termos equivocados mais repetidos. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 4230 descritores, presentes em 990 artigos. Apenas 579 (13,68%) dos descritores estavam fora da base do MeSH, sendo que houve uma diminuição estatisticamente significante com o passar dos anos (p<0.001). Os três descritores mais utilizados foram Rats, Dogs e Wound healing, já dentre as equivocadas foram os termos Adhesions, Experimental surgery e Anatomosis. CONCLUSÃO: Houve uma melhora progressiva na quantidade de termos utilizados que pertenciam a base do MeSH, havendo 618 artigos (62,42%) com todos os descritores corretos.

Terminologia DeCS e as novas regras ortográficas da língua portuguesa: orientações para uma atualização / DeCS terminology and the new rules on orthography of Portuguese language: guidelines for an update

OBJETIVO: Destacar as mudanças ortográficas a serem utilizadas como referencial básico por profissionais, pesquisadores, médicos, professores, alunos e usuários, que estão diretamente vinculados e exercendo atividades nos serviços de saúde em geral, visando à aplicação da ortografia correta na recuperação e produção de seus trabalhos científicos. MÉTODOS: Para a coleta dos dados, foram mostrados alguns exemplos de termos DeCS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde), analisados conforme a ortografia vigente e comparados com o Vocabulário Ortográfico da Língua Portuguesa (VOLP). RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados e listados exemplos de descritores e/ou termos relacionados às Ciências da Saúde, os quais foram comparados com as respectivas regras do Acordo Ortográfico da Língua Portuguesa e divididos em três itens: acentuação gráfica, o não uso do trema e suas exceções e o uso ou não do hífen. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo indica algumas diretrizes para as alterações dos descritores de acordo com a Nova Ortografia da Língua Portuguesa, contribuindo para a eficiência na descrição dos conteúdos dos documentos e na sua recuperação.(AU)

PURPOSE: To indicate orthographic changes to be used as a basic reference for professionals, researchers, doctors, teachers, students and users, which are directly linked and performing activities in health services in general, aimed at implementing the correct orthography in recovery and production of their scientific studies. METHODS: For data collection, were shown some examples of terminology DeCS (Descriptors in Health Science) analyzed according to the current spelling and compared with the Orthographic Vocabulary of Portuguese Language (VOLP). RESULTS: It was select and listed examples of key words and/or terms related to Health Sciences, which was compared to the respective rules of the Orthographic Agreement of Portuguese Language, and divided into three items: graphical accentuation, the non use of dieresis and exceptions and, the use of hyphen. CONCLUSION: This study show some guidelines for the orthographic alterations of the terms used by scientific community, according the new orthographic rules, contributing for the efficiency in the description of the documents and consequently in their recovery.(AU)