El aprendizaje de la expresión emocional en interacción con la familia como alternativa para la promoción de la salud mental: Conceptualización e intervención cognitiva y transdiagnóstica de tres casos / Learning Emotional Expression in Family Interaction as an Alternative for Mental Health Promotion: Conceptualization and Cognitive and Trans-Diagnostic Intervention of Three Cases

Resumen: Este artículo es una propuesta para la promoción de la salud mental, enfocada en el aprendizaje de la expresión emocional en interacción con la familia. Se revisan tres casos de acompañamiento terapéutico en la ciudad de Medellín a jóvenes entre los 21 y 26 años, que presentan síntomas de ansiedad, depresión, dificulta des en la regulación emocional, en el establecimiento de relaciones, y con antece dentes de relaciones familiares fracturadas y hostiles debido a dificultades en la educación emocional. Se presenta la conceptualización e intervención cognitiva y transdiagnóstica de los casos. Los resultados muestran que la intervención per mitió generar mejorías en la gestión funcional de emociones, disminución en los patrones de pensamiento disfuncional y mejorías sintomáticas.

Abstract: This article is a proposal for the promotion of mental health, focused on learning emotional expression in interaction with the family. It reviews three cases of ther apeutic accompaniment in the city of Medellin to young people between the ages of 21 and 26 years, who present symptoms of anxiety, depression, difficulties in emotional regulation, and the establishment of relationships, as well as a record of fractured and hostile family relationships due to difficulties in emotional edu cation. The conceptualization and cognitive and trans-diagnostic intervention of the cases is presented. The results show that the intervention allowed generating improvements in the functional management of emotions and the decrease in dysfunctional thought patterns and symptomatic improvements.

ASD Diagnosis and Treatment Experiences Among Mexican Heritage Families.

To understand the ASD diagnosis and treatment pathways for US families, N = 38 Mexican-heritage mothers were interviewed about how and when they obtained an ASD diagnosis for their children. Most children (84%) were diagnosed between two and three years old. One-third of mothers reported receiving four to seven referrals before diagnosis. Mothers identified multiple diagnosis circumstances including two diagnoses and services offered before diagnosis. A multiple case study design documented the diagnosis and treatment experiences of four representative participants. As compared to previous studies that utilized a deficit lens to rationalize barriers to diagnosis and treatment (e.g., parents not knowledgeable about ASD), these findings revealed a complex understanding of how structural barriers (e.g., immigration status), initial diagnosis rejection among caregivers, and abrupt service cancellation complicated the diagnosis and treatment process. Implications identified suggestions to optimize and streamline ASD diagnosis and treatment pathways for Mexican heritage families.

Desenvolvimento das Habilidades Sociais na Vida de Mulheres Usuárias de Crack: Estudo de Casos Múltiplos / Desarrollo de Habilidades Sociales en la Vida de Mujeres Usuarias de Crack: Estudio de Casos Múltiples / Development of Social Skills in Female Crack Users: Multiple Case Study

Resumo Estudos apontam a relação entre baixas habilidades sociais e o uso de drogas, mas não contemplam seus significados para mulheres usuárias de crack. Desta forma, objetiva-se compreender o desenvolvimento das habilidades sociais na trajetória de vida de tais mulheres. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, de casos múltiplos, com síntese de casos cruzados. Os dados foram coletados pela pesquisadora em duas etapas, sendo a primeira composta pelo questionário de dados sociodemográficos e de uso de drogas, Min. In ternational Neuropsychiatri. In terview. In ventário de Habilidades Sociais, Screening Cognitivo do Wais-III e Structured Clinica. In terview for DSM Disorders. Na segunda etapa, utilizou-se a Entrevista Clínica sobre Trajetória de Vida e Habilidades Sociais. Participaram desse estudo três mulheres. Todas apresentaram dificuldades nas habilidades sociais desde a infância, com repertório adquirido através de modelos inadequados de interações sociais com seus familiares, escolares e pares. As comorbidades podem ter dificultado o uso das habilidades sociais e houve déficit nas mulheres com transtorno de personalidade borderline. Além disso, a entrevista clínica permitiu uma análise mais profunda dos dados obtidos por meio do IHS-Del Prette. Indica-se que as comorbidades sejam consideradas na avaliação das habilidades sociais e que intervenções promovam tais habilidades durante o tratamento do uso de drogas.

Resumen Estudios demuestran la relación entre bajas habilidades sociales y el uso de drogas, pero no contemplan sus significados para mujeres usuarias de crack. De esta forma, el objetivo de este trabajo es comprender el desarrollo de habilidades sociales en la trayectoria de vida de esas mujeres. Es un estudio cualitativo, de casos múltiples, con síntesis de casos cruzados. La investigadora recogió los datos en dos etapas, la primera compuesta por un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y de uso de drogas, Mini International Neuropsychiatri. In terview. In ventario de Habilidades Sociales, Screening Cognitivo de Wais-III y Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders. En la segunda etapa, se utilizó la Entrevista Clínica sobre la Trayectoria de Vida y Habilidades Sociales, participaron de este estudio tres mujeres. Todas presentaron dificultades en habilidades sociales desde la niñez, con repertorio adquirido mediante modelos inadecuados de interacciones sociales con sus familiares, escolares y pares. Es posible que las comorbidades haya dificultado el uso de habilidades sociales y también hubo déficit en las mujeres con trastorno de personalidad borderline. Además, la entrevista clínica permitió un análisis más profundo de los datos obtenidos mediante de IHS-Del Prette. Se señala que debe considerarse las comorbidades en la evaluación de habilidades sociales y que intervenciones deben platear esas habilidades durante el tratamiento de uso de drogas.

Abstract Studies indicate a relationship between low levels of social skills and drug use, but do not contemplate the meanings for female crack users. Thus, the aim was to understand the development of social skills in the life trajectory of these women. This was a qualitative, multiple case study with cross-case synthesis. Data were collected by the researcher in two stages, the first consisted of the application of the socio-demographic data and drug use questionnaire, Mini International Neuropsychiatri. In terview, Social Skill. In ventory, Cognitive Screening of the WAIS-III and Structured Clinica. In terview for DSM Disorders. In the second step, the Clinica. In terview about Life Trajectory and Social Skills was used. Three women participated in this study. All presented difficulties in social skills since childhood, with repertoires acquired through inadequate models of social interactions with family, school colleagues and peers. Comorbidities may have hindered the use of social skills, which showed deficits in the women with borderline personality disorder. The clinical interview allowed a deeper analysis of the data obtained through the IHS-Del Prette. It indicated that the comorbidities were considered in the evaluation of the social skills and that interventions promoted these skills during the treatment for drug use.