Activation of peroxymonosulfate by sustainable biomass-based carbon nanotubes for controlling the spread of plant viruses in water environments.

With the increasing demand for water in hydroponic systems and agricultural irrigation, viral diseases have seriously affected the yield and quality of crops. By removing plant viruses in water environments, virus transmission can be prevented and agricultural production and ecosystems can be protected. But so far, there have been few reports on the removal of plant viruses in water environments. Herein, in this study, easily recyclable biomass-based carbon nanotubes catalysts were synthesized with varying metal activities to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Among them, the magnetic 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system showed the best overall removal performance against pepper mild mottle virus, with a 5.9 log10 removal within 1 min. Notably, the key reactive species in the 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system is 1O2, which can maintain good removal effect in real water matrices (river water and tap water). Through RNA fragment analyses and label free analysis, it was found that this system could effectively cleave virus particles, destroy viral proteins and expose their genome. The capsid protein of pepper mild mottle virus was effectively decomposed where serine may be the main attacking sites by 1O2. Long viral RNA fragments (3349 and 1642 nt) were cut into smaller fragments (∼160 nt) and caused their degradation. In summary, this study contributes to controlling the spread of plant viruses in real water environment, which will potentially help protect agricultural production and food safety, and improve the health and sustainability of ecosystems.

Post-modification of covalent organic framework functionalized aminated carbon nanotubes with active site (Fe) for the sensitive detection of luteolin.

In this research, the TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs was innovatively prepared through a post-modification synthetic process functionalized TT-COF@NH2-CNTs with active site (Fe), where TT-COF@NH2-CNTs was prepared via a one-pot strategy using 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (para-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TTAP), 2,3,6,7-tetra (4-formylphenyl) tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and aminated carbon nanotubes (NH2-CNTs) as raw materials. The complex TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs material possessed porous structures, outstanding conductivity and rich catalytic sites. Thus, it can be adopted to construct electrochemical sensor with glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs/GCE can selectively detect luteolin (Lu) with a wide linear plot ranging from 0.005 to 3 µM and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.45 nM (S/N = 3). The Lu residues in carrot samples were determined using TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs sensor and UV-visible (UV-Vis) approach. This TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs/GCE sensor paves the way for the quantification of Lu through a cost-efficient and sensitive electrochemical approach, which can make a significant step in the sensing field based on crystalline COFs.

Constructing nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots embedded in CNT supported layered (Ni0.5Co0.5)3V2O8 self-supporting film for high-performance supercapacitor.

To improve the electrochemical performance of positive electrode materials, constructing graded nanostructures is a worthwhile approach. This study successfully synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQD) modified (Ni0.5Co0.5)3V2O8 on a carbon nanotube (CNT) substrate to construct self-supporting electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors. The (Ni0.5Co0.5)3V2O8 nanosheets were successfully wrapped onto the CNT surface through a solution impregnation process, which increased the specific surface area and interlayer spacing of the material. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the electrode material underwent significant enhancement due to the synergistic interplay between metal ions and the numerous redox centers. The embedding of the NGQD enriched the materials with active sites and further improved its specific capacity without compromising the structure intergrity of the layer configuration. Using CNT as the substrate ensured the self-supporting nature of the electrode. Consequently, the (Ni0.5Co0.5)3V2O8/NGQD@CNT composite exhibits an ultra-high specific capacitance of 3018.2 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 and 2332 F g-1 at 10 A g-1. The asymmetric supercapacitor constructed with (Ni0.5Co0.5)3V2O8/NGQD@CNT and activated carbon (AC) presented an impressive energy density of 160.2 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 800 W kg-1. After 8000 charge-discharge cycles, the capacity retention rate was 78.5 %, with a Coulo mbic efficiency consistently above 98 %.

Synthesis of nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon nanotubes from novel cobalt-based MOF precursors for improving potassium-ion storage capability.

Amorphous carbon materials with sophisticated morphologies, variable carbon layer structures, abundant defects, and tunable porosities are favorable as anodes for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). Synthesizing amorphous carbon materials typically involves the pyrolysis of carbonaceous precursors. Nonetheless, there is still a lack of studies focused on achieving multifaceted structural optimizations of amorphous carbon through precursor formulation. Herein, nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon nanotubes (NACNTs) are derived from a novel composite precursor of cobalt-based metal-organic framework (CMOF) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN). The addition of g-CN in the precursor optimizes the structure of amorphous carbon such as morphology, interlayer spacing, nitrogen doping, and porosity. As a result, NACNTs demonstrate significantly improved electrochemical performance. The specific capacities of NACNTs after cycling at current densities of 100 mA/g and 1000 mA/g increased by 194 % and 230 %, reaching 346.6 mAh/g and 211.8 mAh/g, respectively. Furthermore, the NACNTs anode is matched with an organic cathode for full-cell evaluation. The full-cell attains a high specific capacity of 106 mAh/gcathode at a current density of 100 mA/g, retaining 90.5 % of the specific capacity of the cathode half-cell. This study provides a valuable reference for multifaceted structural optimization of amorphous carbon to improve potassium-ion storage capability.

Encapsulating CoNi nanoparticles into nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc-air batteries.

The high theoretical specific energy and environmental friendliness of zinc-air batteries (ZABs) have garnered significant attention. However, the practical application of ZABs requires overcoming the sluggish kinetics associated with oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, 3D self-supported nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) arrays encapsulated by CoNi nanoparticles on carbon fiber cloth (CoNi@N-CNTs/CFC) are synthesized as bifunctional catalysts for OER and ORR. The 3D interconnected N-CNTs arrays not only improve the electrical conductivity, the permeation and gas escape capabilities of the electrode, but also enhance the corrosion resistance of CoNi metals. DFT calculations reveal that the co-existence of Co and Ni synergistically reduces the energy barrier for OOH conversion to OH, thereby optimizing the Gibbs free energy of the catalysts. Additionally, analysis of the change in energy barrier during the rate-determining step suggests that the primary catalytic active center is Ni site for OER. As a result, CoNi@N-CNTs/CFC exhibits superior catalytic activity with an overpotential of 240 mV at 10 mA cm-2 toward OER, and the onset potential of 0.92 V for ORR. Moreover, utilization of CoNi@N-CNTs/CFC in liquid and solid-state ZABs exhibited exceptional stability, manifesting a consistent cycling operation lasting for 100 and 15 h, respectively.

Development and challenge of coal-based nanocarbon materials and their application in water treatment: a review.

Under the dual pressures of environmental protection and energy security, the development and application of coal-based nanocarbon materials, supported by the technical concepts of molecular chemical engineering and nanomaterial science, is of significant importance for achieving the high-value clean utilization of coal. Furthermore, it serves as an effective means to assist in the realization of dual carbon goals. Coal, with its abundant reserves, high carbon content, and aromatic and hydrogenated aromatic groups, exhibits great advantages and potential in the synthesis of nanocarbon materials. In addition to its applications in traditional power and chemical industries, coal-based nanocarbon materials also demonstrate significant value in the field of environmental pollution control. This article succinctly summarizes the preparation methods and properties of coal-based carbon nanotubes, coal-based carbon quantum dots, and coal-based graphene, elucidates their current applications in water pollution control and governance, and anticipates their development trends in water pollution control, aiming to provide support for the clean and efficient utilization of coal and water pollution control.

Scaling of N-Type Field-Effect Transistors Based on Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays.

Wafer-scale aligned carbon nanotubes (A-CNTs) are promising candidate semiconductors for building high-performance complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistors for future integrated circuits (ICs). A-CNT-based p-type field-effect transistors (P-FETs) have demonstrated excellent performance and scalability down to sub-10 nm nodes. However, the development of A-CNT n-type FETs (N-FETs) lags far behind, in regard to their electronic performance and device scaling. In this work, we fabricated top-gated N-FETs based on A-CNTs with a scandium (Sc)-contacted source and drain. High-performance A-CNT N-FETs were demonstrated with record on-state current (Ion) exceeding 1 mA/µm and peak transconductance (gm) of 0.4 mS/µm. Interestingly, the A-CNT N-FETs exhibited abnormal scaling behavior owing to the lateral oxidation of low-work function source/drain contacts, leading to formidable challenges to scale both the gate length (Lg) and the contact length (Lc) at the same time. Understanding of the abnormal scaling behavior contributes to seeking solutions for high-performance A-CNT N-FETs, and it paves the way for future CNT CMOS digital IC technology.

Trace RuO2 nanoparticles loaded nickel-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes to boost hydrogen evolution reaction under acidic and alkaline media.

Developing low-cost catalysts with high activity for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) is a main challenge to reduce the dependence on precious metals while maintaining the catalytic activity. In this study, nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Ni-MWCNTs) with a large number of active sites were selected, and Ni-MWCNTs electrocatalysts loaded with trace amounts of RuO2 nanoparticles were prepared by annealing treatment, which exhibited excellent HER performances in both acidic and alkaline media. The RuO2 nanoparticles loaded nickel-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (RuO2@Ni-MWCNTs) had a small electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) and a large electrochemically active surface area (ECSA). Notably, RuO2@Ni-MWCNTs with less than 1 % Ru content exhibited excellent catalytic activities in both acidic and alkaline solutions. The results showed that the overpotentials of RuO2@Ni-MWCNTs were 20.2 mV (alkaline) and 73.7 mV (acidic), respectively. After stabilization at 20 mA cm-2 for 90 h, the evaluation results showed that RuO2@Ni-MWCNTs could maintain their catalytic efficiency without significant degradation.

Enhanced oxygen evolution and power density of Co/Zn@NC@MWCNTs for the application of zinc-air batteries.

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are viewed as a promising solution for electric vehicles due to their potential to provide a clean, cost-effective, and sustainable energy storage system for the next generation. Nevertheless, sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the air electrode, and low power density are significant challenges that hinder the practical application of ZABs. The key to resolving the development of ZABs is developing an affordable, efficient, and stable catalyst with bifunctional catalytic. In this study, we present a series of bifunctional catalysts composed of Co/Zn nanoparticles uniformly embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) denoted as Co/Zn@NC@MWCNTs. The incorporation of MWCNTs using a facile and non-toxic method significantly decreased the overpotential of the OER from 570 to 430 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and the peak power density from 226 to 263 mW cm-2. Besides, the electrochemical surface area measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicate that the three-dimensional (3D) network structure of MWCNTs facilitates mass transport for ORR and reduces electron transfer resistance during OER, leading to a small potential gap of 0.86 V between OER and ORR, high electron transfer number (3.92-3.98) of the ORR, and lowest Tafel slope (47.8 mV dec-1) of the OER in aqueous ZABs. In addition, in-situ Raman spectroscopy revealed a notable decrease in the ID/IG ratio for the optimally configured Co/Zn@NC@MWCNTs (75:25), indicating a reduction in defect density and improved structural ordering during the electrochemical process, which directly contributes to enhanced ORR activity. Hence, this study provides an excellent strategy for constructing a bifunctional catalyst material with a 3D MWCNTs conductive network for the development of advanced ZAB systems for sustainable energy applications.

Mechanoluminescent/Electric Dual-Mode Sensors Enabled by Trace Carbon Nanotubes.

Mechanoluminescence (ML)-based sensors are emerging as promising wearable devices, attracting attention for their self-powered visualization of mechanical stimuli. However, challenges such as weak brightness, high activation threshold, and intermittent signal output have hindered their development. Here, a mechanoluminescent/electric dual-mode strain sensor is presented that offers enhanced ML sensing and reliable electrical sensing simultaneously. The strain sensor is fabricated via an optimized dip-coating method, featuring a sandwich structure with a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) interlayer and two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/ZnS:Cu luminescence layers. The integral mechanical reinforcement framework provided by the SWNT interlayer improves the ML intensity of the SWNT/PDMS/ZnS:Cu composite film. Compared to conventional nanoparticle fillers, the ML intensity is enhanced nearly tenfold with a trace amount of SWNT (only 0.01 wt.%). In addition, the excellent electrical conductivity of SWNT forms a conductive network, ensuring continuous and stable electrical sensing. These strain sensors enable comprehensive and precise monitoring of human behavior through both electrical (relative resistance change) and optical (ML intensity) methods, paving the way for the development of advanced visual sensing and smart wearable electronics in the future.

Photocatalytic Nanocomposite Based on Titanate Nanotubes Decorated with Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity.

Infections resulting from microorganisms pose an ongoing global public health challenge, necessitating the constant development of novel antimicrobial approaches. Utilizing photocatalytic materials to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) presents an appealing strategy for combating microbial threats. In alignment with this perspective, sodium titanate nanotubes were prepared by scalable hydrothermal method using TiO2 and NaOH. Ag, Au, and Ag/Au-modified titanate nanotubes (TNTs) were prepared by a cost-effective and simple ion-exchange method. All samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, HRTEM, and DLS techniques. HRTEM images indicated that the tubular structure was preserved in all TNTs even after the replacement of Na+ with Ag+ and/or Au3+ ions. The antibacterial activity in dark and sunlight conditions was evaluated using different bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that while a low bacterial count (∼log 5 cells per well) was used for inoculation, the TNTs exhibited no antibacterial activity against the three bacterial strains, regardless of whether they were tested under light or dark conditions. However, the plasmonic nanoparticle-decorated TNTs showed remarkable activity in the dark. Additionally, Ag/Au-TNTs demonstrated significantly higher activity in the dark compared with either Ag-TNTs or Au-TNTs alone. Notably, under dark conditions, the Au/Ag-TNTs achieved log reductions of up to 4.5 for P. aeruginosa, 5 for S. aureus, and 3.7 for E. coli. However, when exposed to sunlight, Au/Ag-TNTs resulted in a complete reduction (log reduction ∼9) for P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The combination of two plasmonic nanoparticles (Ag/Au) decorated on the surface of TNTs showed synergetic bactericidal activity under both dark and light conditions. Ag/Au-TNTs could be explored to design surfaces that are responsive to visible light and exhibit antimicrobial properties.

Two-Dimensional Vertical Transistor with One-Dimensional van der Waals Contact.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials enable vertical field effect transistors (VFETs), which provide an alternative path for scaling down the channels of transistors. The challenge is the short channel effect when the thickness of the 2D channel decreases to ∼10 nm. Here, we show that a VFET with an ultrashort channel can be accomplished by employing a semimetal carbon nanotube (CNT) as a 1D van der Waals (vdW) contact. The CNT-VFETs with 5-10 nm MoS2 channels exhibit high on/off ratios exceeding 105, low subthreshold swing values of 160-120 mV/dec, and high current densities over 104 A/cm2. Such a switch even works with an ∼ 3.4 nm thick channel. The excellent comprehensive performance can be ascribed to the reduced short channel effect as the sub-2 nm CNT contact has weaker electrostatic screening to the gate, a reduced Fermi level pinning effect, and a highly tunable barrier. The VFETs with 1D vdW contacts hold great promise for ultrascaled transistors and are prospective in future nanoelectronics and nano-optoelectronics.

New Perspective of Additive Manufacturing: From Materials to Processes and Algorithms of Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites.

High-strength and lightweight products have always been the dream of human beings, especially today when energy resources are increasingly depleted. Although additive manufacturing provides us with possibilities, for now, most researchers focus on reinforcing existing printing materials, improving printing processes, and updating algorithms to improve product performance. However, in the statistical classification of this work, these are only a small range of one kind of statistics. This work reviews the key factors of additive manufacturing from materials to processes and algorithms from a new perspective, to get rid of the inherent thinking mode and provide unique ideas. With the idea of "everything is printed," this article emulates nature's "make the most of everything." First, anisotropic materials and the solution of the weak interfacial properties are described. Second, the energy point of view through the process, in space (points, lines, planes, etc.), to summarize the classification and time division of series and parallel printing. Finally, the classification of current hierarchical printing algorithms and the expectation of future spatial printing algorithms are indicated. This article takes the key factors of continuous carbon fiber composite 3D printing as the main line, and provides certain reference for the future development of additive manufacturing from a new perspective.

Invisible Bridges: Unveiling the Role and Prospects of Tunneling Nanotubes in Cancer Therapy.

Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are essential intercellular communication channels that significantly impact cancer pathophysiology, affecting tumor progression and resistance. This review methodically examines the mechanisms of TNTs formation, their structural characteristics, and their functional roles in material and signal transmission between cells. Highlighting their regulatory functions within the tumor microenvironment, TNTs are crucial for modulating cell survival, proliferation, drug resistance, and immune evasion. The review critically evaluates the therapeutic potential of TNTs, focusing on their applications in targeted drug delivery and gene therapy. It also proposes future research directions to thoroughly understand TNTs biogenesis, identify cell-specific molecular targets, and develop advanced technologies for the real-time monitoring of TNTs. By integrating insights from molecular biology, nanotechnology, and immunology, this review highlights the transformative potential of TNTs in advancing cancer treatment strategies.

Single-Step PECVD Synthesis of Graphene@Carbon Nanotubes Electrocatalyst.

Graphene (Gr) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the two intriguing carbon nanomaterials, have presented great potential in serving as high-performance electrocatalysts in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) chemistry. The concurrent management of both materials would achieve a promoted synergistic effect. Nevertheless, there still remains a lack of an effective material synthesis route. Herein, a single-step plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) strategy is devised to prepare Gr@CNTs heterostructures with strong bonded connections. In the PECVD system, the damaged sidewalls generated in CNT tubes can serve as appropriate nucleation sites for further Gr growth. The formation mechanisms are thoroughly explored in aspects of both experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations. To confirm the validity of this approach, thus-constructed Gr@CNTs architectures are employed as the sulfur host, enabling boosted redox kinetics of polysulfides. This project provides fundamental insight into the mechanism exploration for single-step PECVD growth of Gr@CNTs heterostructure, hence promoting the practical application prospect of carbon nanomaterials toward Li-S systems.

Stoichiometric-Ratio-Controlled Fe and Ni Non-noble Metal Catalysts Supported on γ-Al2O3 for Turquoise Hydrogen and Carbon Nanotubes Production.

Herein, we synthesized a series of catalysts comprising iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni) supported on γ-Al2O3 nanopowder (Fe-Ni/γ-Al2O3) by controlling the stoichiometric ratio of the metals through the facile co-precipitation method. The ratio of Fe and Ni on the γ-Al2O3 support varied from 0 to 70 weight percent (wt%). The freshly prepared catalysts' phase, structure, and crystallinity exhibited variability as the Fe and Ni stoichiometric ratios were altered. The catalyst demonstrated effective performance in methane cracking, producing turquoise hydrogen and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a temperature-programmed reactor coupled with mass spectrometry. It was observed that the Fe3Ni4 catalyst, comprising 30% Fe and 40% Ni, exhibited a maximum methane conversion rate of 85% and a hydrogen yield of 72.55%. Moreover, the values of turnover frequency (2.38 min-1) indicated that the Fe3Ni4 had a better production rate and was consistent with the conversion process throughout the reaction. The structural attributes of the spent catalysts were examined, revealing variations in the lateral length, uniformity, and diameters (~33 to 56 nm) of the produced Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) when transitioning from catalyst Fe0Ni7 to Fe7Ni0. The investigation underscored the significance of metal stoichiometrically controlled catalysts and their catalytic efficacy in methane cracking applications.

In-situ Preparation of Iron(II)-phthalocyanine@multi-walled-CNTs Nanocomposite for Quasi-solid-state Flexible Symmetric Supercapacitors with Long Cycling Life.

The construction of supercapacitor electrode materials with exceptional performance is the crucial to the commercialisation of flexible supercapacitors. Here, a novel in-situ precipitation technique was applied for constructing iron(II)-phthalocyanine (FePc) based nanocomposite as the electrode material in quasi-solid-state flexible supercapacitors. The highly redox-active FePc nanostructures were grown in the multi-walled-CNTs (MWCNTs) networks, which shows convenient electron/electrolyte ion transport pathways along with outstanding structural stability, leading to high energy storage and long cycling life. The electrode of FePc@MWCNTs delivered a higher specific capacity than that of individual MWCNTs and FePc. The quasi-solid-state symmetric flexible device that was constructed using FePc@MWCNTs electrode demonstrated impressive performance with a maximum energy density of 29.7 Wh kg-1 and a maximum power density of 4000 W kg-1. Moreover, the device demonstrated superior durability and flexibility, as evidenced by its exceptional cyclic stability (111.3%) even after 30000 cycles at 8 A g-1. These results reveal that the FePc@MWCNTs nanocomposite prepared by this simple in-situ precipitation method is promising as electrode material for next-generation flexible wearable power sources.

Electric-Field Catalysis on Carbon Nanotubes in Electromicrofluidic Reactors: Monoterpene Cyclizations.

The control over the movement of electrons during chemical reactions with oriented external electric fields (OEEFs) has been predicted to offer a general approach to catalysis. Recently, we suggested that many problems to realize electric-field catalysis in practice under scalable bulk conditions could possibly be solved on multiwalled carbon nanotubes in electromicrofluidic reactors. Here, we selected monoterpene cyclizations to assess the scope of our system in organic synthesis. We report that electric-field catalysis can function by stabilizing both anionic and cationic transition states, depending on the orientation of the applied field. Moreover, electric-field catalysis can promote reactions which are barely accessible by general Brønsted and Lewis acids and field-free anion-π and cation-π interactions, and drive chemoselectivity toward intrinsically disfavored products without the need for pyrene interfacers attached to the substrate to prolong binding to the carbon nanotubes. Finally, interfacing with chiral organocatalysts is explored and evidence against contributions from redox chemistry is provided.

Dynamic Tracking of Biological Processes Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.

Biological processes are characterized by dynamic and elaborate temporal patterns driven by the interplay of genes, proteins, and cellular components that are crucial for adaptation to changing environments. This complexity spans from molecular to organismal scales, necessitating their real-time monitoring and tracking to unravel the active processes that fuel living systems and enable early disease detection, personalized medicine, and drug development. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), with their unique physicochemical and optical properties, have emerged as promising tools for real-time tracking of such processes. This perspective highlights the key properties of SWCNTs that make them ideal for such monitoring. Subsequently, it surveys studies utilizing SWCNTs to track dynamic biological phenomena across hierarchical levels─from molecules to cells, tissues, organs, and whole organisms─acknowledging their pivotal role in advancing this field. Finally, the review outlines challenges and future directions, aiming to expand the frontier of real-time biological monitoring using SWCNTs, contributing to deeper insights and novel applications in biomedicine.

Tensile modulus of polymer halloysite nanotubes nanocomposites assuming stress transferring through an imperfect interphase.

In this work, Hui-Shia model is developed to reveal the efficiency of a deficient interphase on the tensile modulus of polymer halloysite nanotube (HNT) nanocomposites. "Lc" as essential HNT length providing full stress transferring is defined and effective HNT size, effective HNT concentration, and efficiency of stress transferring (Q) are expressed by "Lc". Furthermore, the influences of all terms on the "Q" and nanocomposite's modulus are clarified, and also the calculations of the model are linked to the tested data of some nanocomposites. Original Hui-Shia model overpredicts the moduli, but the innovative model's predictions appropriately fit the measured data. Lc = 200 nm maximizes the sample's modulus to 2.6 GPa, but the modulus reduces to 2.11 GPa at Lc = 700 nm. Therefore, there is a reverse relation between the sample's modulus and "Lc". Q = 0.5 produces the system's modulus of 2.1 GPa, while the modulus of 2.35 GPa is achieved at Q = 1 providing a direct relation between the nanocomposite's modulus and "Q". Generally, narrow and big HNTs, along with a low "Lc", enhance the "Q", because a lower "Lc", reveals a tougher interphase improving the stress transferring.