The Role of Supraerupted and Distoverted Maxillary Third Molars in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorder: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objective Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a multifactorial disease that is classified into muscular and joint disorders. The etiology of TMD is unknown but it is related to various factors such as bruxism, uncorrected high dental restorations, and occlusal prematurities. This study aims to provide treatment modalities for TMD patients with supraerupted and/or distoverted maxillary third molars that have premature contact with the opposing arch. Methods A total of 430 subjects diagnosed with TMD were included in the study and randomized into study and control groups based on their treatment needs. A detailed case history was taken, and findings of intra and extra oral examination were recorded along with other investigations such as study model analysis, orthopantomogram (OPG), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and MRI. The multiphase treatment included counseling in phase I, extraction in phase II (only for the study group), and oral appliance in the third phase. The final phase involved the restoration of edentulous areas or reduced vertical dimension. Results Extraction of supraerupted and/or distoverted maxillary third molars in the study group during phase II showed a 96% reduction in TMD when compared to the control group who did not undergo extraction. Conclusion TMD is a repetitive motion disorder, and the success of treatment relies on the elimination of causative factors, the type of appliance used, and the establishment of ideal occlusion. This study suggests that the extraction of supraerupted and/or distoverted maxillary third molars is a prerequisite for treating TMD patients.

A comparative study based on the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the virtual articulator in simulating occlusal adjustment.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effects of virtual adjustment on occlusal interferences in mandibular posterior single crown and three-unit bridge restorations by using the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of a virtual articulator. METHODS: Twenty-two participants were recruited. Digital casts of the maxillary and mandibular arches were obtained using an intraoral scanner, and the jaw registration system was used to record the data of the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the articulator. Four kinds of restorations with 0.3 mm occlusal interferences were designed with dental design software. In particular, single crowns were designed for teeth 44 and 46, whereas three-unit bridges were designed for teeth 44-46 and 45-47, and the corresponding natural teeth were virtually extracted. Virtual adjustment of the restorations was performed using two dynamic occlusal recordings, namely, the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the virtual articulator. A reverse-engineering software was used to measure the root-mean-square of the three-dimensional deviation of the occlusal surfaces between natural teeth and the adjusted restorations. The differences between the two methods of virtual-occlusion adjustment were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: For the same group of restorations, the three-dimensional deviation of the mandibular movement track group were lower than those of the virtual articulator group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). For the four groups of restorations adjusted by the same method, the three-dimensional deviation of the 46-tooth single crown was the largest and the smallest three-dimensional deviation was that of the 44-tooth single crown. Statistical differences existed between the 44-tooth single crown and the other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For the occlusal design of posterior single crown and three-unit bridge, the mandibular movement track could be a more effective approach to virtual occlusal adjustment than the movement parameters of the virtual articulator.

Comportamiento de la maloclusión funcional e interferencias oclusales en niños con dentición mixta

Introducción: las interferencias oclusales no controladas precozmente pueden producir desviación de la mandíbula en sentido anteroposterior o transversal. El manejo de las mordidas cruzadas se debe iniciar en el momento del diagnóstico, preferiblemente en edades tempranas, con el fin de tratarlas en el nivel primario de prevención. Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de la maloclusión funcional causada por interferencias oclusales en niños con dentición mixta de la Escuela Primaria Mártires del Corynthia, entre octubre de 2019 y junio de 2021. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en la Escuela Primaria Mártires del Corynthia, del Área de Salud José Jacinto Milanés, del municipio de Matanzas, entre octubre de 2019 y junio de 2021. El universo estuvo conformado por 66 niños. Se utilizó una planilla de recolección de datos y se solicitó el consentimiento informado a los tutores de los niños. Resultados: las edades donde los niños presentaron mayor afectación fueron de 6 a 7 años y de 8 a 9 años, ambos rangos con un 10,6 %. El 27,3 % presentó interferencias oclusales y mordida cruzada posterior unilateral. El 48,5 % fue del sexo femenino y el 30,3 % tenían edades de 6 a 7 años. El 71,2 % eran simétricos y presentaron mordida cruzada posterior unilateral. Los simétricos y con línea media coincidente representaron un 36,4 %. Conclusiones: la maloclusión funcional más frecuente en niños con dentición mixta fue la mordida cruzada posterior unilateral, que se relacionó de manera directa con las interferencias oclusales. Las asimetrías faciales y la línea media desviada estuvieron asociadas a dicha maloclusión.

Introduction: early uncontrolled occlusal interferences can produce anterior-posterior jaw deflection. Management of cross-bites should be initiated at the time of diagnosis, preferably at early ages, in order to treat them at the primary level of prevention. Objective: to determine the behavior of functional malocclusion caused by occlusal interferences in children with mixed dentition from the Martires del Corynthia primary school between October 2019 and June 2021. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was carried out at the Martires del Corynthia Primary School, of the Jose Jacinto Milanes Health Area, Matanzas municipality, between October 2019 and June 2021. The universe consisted of 66 children. A data collection form was used and informed consent was requested from the children's guardians. Results: the ages where the children presented more affectation were from 6 to 7 years and from 8 to 9 years, both ranges with 10.6%. 27.3% presented occlusal interferences and posterior unilateral cross-bite. 48.5% were female and 30.3% were 6 to 7 years old. 71.2% were symmetrical and presented unilateral posterior cross-bite. Symmetric patients and with a coincident midline represented 36.4%. Conclusions: the most frequent functional malocclusion in children with mixed dentition was the unilateral posterior cross-bite, which was related to occlusal interferences in a direct way. Facial asymmetries and a deviated midline were associated with the before mentioned malocclusion.

A comparative study based on the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the virtual articulator in simulating occlusal adjustment / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to compare the effects of virtual adjustment on occlusal interferences in mandibular posterior single crown and three-unit bridge restorations by using the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of a virtual articulator.@*METHODS@#Twenty-two participants were recruited. Digital casts of the maxillary and mandibular arches were obtained using an intraoral scanner, and the jaw registration system was used to record the data of the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the articulator. Four kinds of restorations with 0.3 mm occlusal interferences were designed with dental design software. In particular, single crowns were designed for teeth 44 and 46, whereas three-unit bridges were designed for teeth 44-46 and 45-47, and the corresponding natural teeth were virtually extracted. Virtual adjustment of the restorations was performed using two dynamic occlusal recordings, namely, the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the virtual articulator. A reverse-engineering software was used to measure the root-mean-square of the three-dimensional deviation of the occlusal surfaces between natural teeth and the adjusted restorations. The differences between the two methods of virtual-occlusion adjustment were compared and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#For the same group of restorations, the three-dimensional deviation of the mandibular movement track group were lower than those of the virtual articulator group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). For the four groups of restorations adjusted by the same method, the three-dimensional deviation of the 46-tooth single crown was the largest and the smallest three-dimensional deviation was that of the 44-tooth single crown. Statistical differences existed between the 44-tooth single crown and the other groups (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#For the occlusal design of posterior single crown and three-unit bridge, the mandibular movement track could be a more effective approach to virtual occlusal adjustment than the movement parameters of the virtual articulator.

Clinical and Radiographical Measurements of Supraeruption and Occlusal Interferences in Unopposed Posterior Teeth.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study compared the supraeruption of teeth for study casts (SCs) and panoramic radiographs (PRs) and its relation to tooth type, arch, facial sides, presence of occlusal interferences, and type of tooth movements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 65 patients with their SCs and PRs were recruited. Supraerupted tooth type, arches, sides involved, and the presence of occlusal interferences were recorded. The SCs for supraerupted teeth were photographed, and supraeruption from PRs was recorded from the patients' files. The values were transferred to a software program and assessed. RESULTS: The highest frequency was observed among the younger-age group and molars in both arches. Working side (WS) and retruded cuspal position (RCP) interferences were recorded the highest. Supraeruption values of 0.7-1.2 mm accounted for 47.5% (38) of the total. Tilting and tipping of teeth were the highest, followed by buccolingual displacement. Kappa tests showed good intraexaminer reliability and Bland-Altman plot showed 95% confidence interval band. CONCLUSIONS: No significant differences were observed in the supraeruption values between the type of tooth among different subgroups of SCs and PRs. Significant differences were recorded between the types and sites of teeth, with a higher ratio observed in molar teeth, mandibular arch, and young age group. RCP and WS were the most recorded occlusal interferences and buccolingual displacement, and tilting and tipping were the most noticeable occlusal tooth movements. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Diagnosis and measurements of supraeruption are essential, useful, and significant steps before treatments for replacement of missing tooth/teeth as well as corrections of occlusal interferences during different mandibular movements.

Occlusion and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Long-Standing Controversy in Dentistry.

The relationship between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and occlusion remains controversial. Some authors believe that occlusion is the primary factor in the onset of TMD symptoms, whereas others feel that occlusion has no role in this at all. The majority of reasoning behind causation is based upon anecdotal rather than scientific evidence. Existing evidence in the literature supports the absence of a disease-specific association. This article describes this controversy and provides the reader with findings from contemporary literature.

Differences between Subjective Balanced Occlusion and Measurements Reported With T-Scan III.

BACKGROUND: The aetiology of Temporomandibular disorder is multifactorial, and numerous studies have addressed that occlusion may be of great importance in the pathogenesis of Temporomandibular disorder. AIM: The aim of this study is to determine if any direct relationship exists between balanced occlusion and Temporomandibular disorder and to evaluate the differences between subjective balanced occlusion and measurements reported with T-scan III electronic system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 54 subjects were divided into three groups, selection based on anamnesis-responded to a Fonseca questionnaire and clinical measurements analysed with electronic system T-scan III. In the I study group were participants with fixed dentures with prosthetic ceramic restorations. In the II study group were symptomatic participants with TMD. In the third control group were healthy participants with full arch dentition that completed a subjective questionnaire that documented the absence of jaw pain, joint noise, locking and subjects without a history of TMD. The occlusal balance was reported subjectively through Fonseca questionnaire and compared with occlusion analysed with electronic system T-scan III. RESULTS: For attributive data were used percentage of the structure. Differences in P < 0.05 were considered significant. After distributing attributive data of occlusal balance subjectively reported and compared with measurements analysed with electronic system T-scan III were found significant difference P < 0.001 in all three groups. CONCLUSION: In our study, it was concluded that there were statistically significant differences of balanced occlusion in all three groups. Also it was concluded that subjective data are not exact with measurements reported with electronic device T-scan III.

La oclusión dentaria en interacción con la postura corporal / Dental occlusion in interaction with the body posture

En décadas recientes se ha sugerido que las alteraciones en el Sistema Estomatognático como las maloclusiones, pueden influenciar completamente la postura del cuerpo. Objetivo: identificar diversas variables oclusales según su interacción con la postura corporal. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en el período comprendido entre febrero de 2011 y marzo 2012, en el cual se seleccionó una muestra de 122 estudiantes de 3er. año en la Facultad de Estomatología, de un universo de 235, sin dientes ausentes por otra causa que no sea el tratamiento ortodóncico. Se examinó la oclusión dentaria y posteriormente se realizó el examen postural. Resultados: los pacientes con la postura Tipo C, o sea con el plano escapular posterior y la cabeza en una posición más anterior, presentaron menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y mayor sobrepase, 2,86; 3,33; 3,40 mm respectivamente. El 40 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo una postura Tipo B. Las interferencias oclusales en lateralidad se apreciaron en mayor medida en 66 pacientes con desequilibrio derecho de hombros y de pelvis. Conclusiones: los estudiantes con postura Tipo C, mostraron los menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y los que tenían la postura tipo E, el mayor sobrepase. Predominaron los pacientes con postura Tipo B y con neutroclusión. Más de la mitad de los casos con mordida cruzada presentaron un desequilibrio derecho de las pelvis(AU)

In recent decades, it has been suggested that alterations in the Stomatognathic System as malocclusions can completely influence body posture. Objective: this paper aims to identify various occlusal variables by the interaction with body posture. Methods: an observational descriptive study was conducted from February 2011 to March 2012 in which a sample of 122 students was selected from the 3rd. year at the Faculty of Dentistry in Havana, Cuba. These subjects did not have absent teeth for any other reasons than the orthodontic treatment. Dental occlusion was examined and subsequently postural examination was performed. Results: patients with type C position, that is, the posterior-rised scapular plane and forward head had lower mean values of overjet and interocclusal space but the highest overbite (2.86, 3.33, 3.40 mm respectively). 40 percent of patients had Type B. Lateral occlusal interferences were higher in 66 students with unbalance right shoulder and pelvis. Conclusions: students with Type C posture showed the lowest mean values of overjet and interocclusal space; and those who had type E posture had the higher overbite. Subjects with Type B posture and neutroclusion prevailed. More than half of the subjects with crossbite had unbalance of right pelvis(AU)

La oclusión dentaria en interacción con la postura corporal / Dental occlusion in interaction with the body posture

Introducción: en décadas recientes se ha sugerido que las alteraciones en el Sistema Estomatognático como las maloclusiones, pueden influenciar completamente la postura del cuerpo. Objetivo: identificar diversas variables oclusales según su interacción con la postura corporal. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en el período comprendido entre febrero de 2011 y marzo 2012, en el cual se seleccionó una muestra de 122 estudiantes de 3er. año en la Facultad de Estomatología, de un universo de 235, sin dientes ausentes por otra causa que no sea el tratamiento ortodóncico. Se examinó la oclusión dentaria y posteriormente se realizó el examen postural. Resultados: los pacientes con la postura Tipo C, o sea con el plano escapular posterior y la cabeza en una posición más anterior, presentaron menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y mayor sobrepase, 2,86; 3,33; 3,40 mm respectivamente. El 40 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo una postura Tipo B. Las interferencias oclusales en lateralidad se apreciaron en mayor medida en 66 pacientes con desequilibrio derecho de hombros y de pelvis. Conclusiones: los estudiantes con postura Tipo C, mostraron los menores valores medios de resalte, espacio libre y los que tenían la postura tipo E, el mayor sobrepase. Predominaron los pacientes con postura Tipo B y con neutroclusión. Más de la mitad de los casos con mordida cruzada presentaron un desequilibrio derecho de las pelvis(AU)

Introduction: in recent decades, it has been suggested that alterations in the Stomatognathic System as malocclusions can completely influence body posture. Objective: this paper aims to identify various occlusal variables by the interaction with body posture. Methods: an observational descriptive study was conducted from February 2011 to March 2012 in which a sample of 122 students was selected from the 3rd. year at the Faculty of Dentistry in Havana, Cuba. These subjects did not have absent teeth for any other reasons than the orthodontic treatment. Dental occlusion was examined and subsequently postural examination was performed. Results: patients with type C position, that is, the posterior-rised scapular plane and forward head had lower mean values of overjet and interocclusal space but the highest overbite (2.86, 3.33, 3.40 mm respectively). 40 percent of patients had Type B. Lateral occlusal interferences were higher in 66 students with unbalance right shoulder and pelvis. Conclusions: students with Type C posture showed the lowest mean values of overjet and interocclusal space; and those who had type E posture had the higher overbite. Subjects with Type B posture and neutroclusion prevailed. More than half of the subjects with crossbite had unbalance of right pelvis(AU)

Digital Evaluation of Functional Occlusion Parameters and their Association with Temporomandibular Disorders.

CONTEXT: Dental researchers are contradictory in their opinion on the role of occlusion in TMD. Occlusal evaluation of both conventional and digital methods in TMD patients will provide the accurate information about the factors accountable for occlusal instability. Identifying the factors responsible will facilitate precise diagnosis and treatment for TMD. AIM: The AIM of the study was to determine the dynamic occlusal parameters strongly associated with the etiology of Temporomandibular disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study group consisted of 100 patients; it included 50 patients with normal TMJ(Group I) and remaining 50 patients had a minimum of one positive sign or symptom of Temporomandibular disorder (GroupII). The patient's dynamic occlusal contacts were evaluated by both conventional and digital methods. The Articulating paper was utilized for conventional occlusion analysis. During conventional analysis centric, lateral and protrusive interferences were evaluated along with loss of vertical dimension. Digital occlusal analysis was performed with T-Scan III. Clusion time, disclusion times were recorded for both groups. Chi-square and Student't' statistical analyses were performed to ascertain the association and statistically significant difference between the groups using SPSS19. RESULTS: Group II patients predominantly (66%)had Group-function occlusion compared to Group I subject. Centric slide more than 2 mm found to have strong influence (p value 0.008) on the etiology of TMD. Among the occlusal interferences evaluated balanced side interferences had a strong correlation with TMD with p-value of 0.003. Working side interferences, protrusive interferences had a p-value of 0.157, 0.826 respectively, indicating weak association. T-Scan analysis showed Group I had 0.689, 0.9136, 0.7952, 0.9794 seconds of clusion, left, right, protrusive disclusion time respectively compared to corresponding 1.862, 1.7995, 1.6978, 1.9296 seconds for Group II. Statistically significant difference (p≤0.05) was found between the mean values of both groups. CONCLUSION: Among the dynamic occlusal parameters evaluated centric slide and balancing side interferences were found to be highly influential in TMD etiology. TMD patients had prolonged clusion and disclusion times compared to healthy TMJ patients.

The influence of occlusal trauma on gingival recession and gingival clefts.

The aim of this study was to investigate the centric occlusal contact pattern in maximum intercuspation and to study the nature of occlusal contacts during maximum intercuspation to protrusive, lateroprotrusive and lateral excursive movements. Fifty subjects having gingival recession and ten subjects having gingival clefts belonging to age group of 18-25 years were selected after obtaining informed consent from the student's population. The selected subjects were examined and the location and extent of gingival recession, gingival clefts and occlusal wear facets were recorded. The type of occlusion and the nature of occlusal contact in maximum intercuspation and eccentric mandibular movements were also recorded using articulating foil and shimstock. Chi square test, Fisher's exact test (F) and Z test were used to statistically analyse the data obtained. Among the three occlusal concepts, gingival recession was more commonly related to group function than to canine protected occlusion. Canine protected occlusion was associated with gingival recession on the labial surface while in group function occlusion; the recession was distributed equally on the facial surface of the anterior as well as posterior teeth. Nearly all subjects showed interferences in protrusive, lateroprotrusive and lateral excursive movements on teeth showing gingival recession and gingival clefts. Occlusal wear was seen on all teeth having gingival clefts and on most teeth having gingival recession. These results suggest that occlusal interferences in maximum intercuspation and eccentric movements in one form or the other and absence of mutually protected occlusion can contribute to gingival lesions such as gingival recession and clefts.

Occlusal interferences: how can this concept influence the clinical practice?

This brief review discusses the role of occlusal interferences on the development and progression of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and postural disorders. The eligible literature is described and critically presented to demonstrate that occlusal interferences are an important factor in the risk of TMD. Several studies have demonstrated through their findings that the use of occlusal adjustments, whether or not associated with restorative procedures, might avoid the development of articular problems in vulnerable patients. The occlusal interferences caused by restorative procedures or orthodontic treatment can cause TMDs in susceptible patients, and occlusal adjustments can be an alternative in the treatment of these TMDs.

Evaluación de la oclusión en pacientes con trastornos temporomandibulares y desarmonías oclusales / Occlusion assessment in patients with temporomandibular disorders and occlusal disharmony

Se realizó un estudio para identificar relación que existe entre los trastornos temporomandibulares y las desarmonías oclusales. Se estudiaron 40 pacientes de ambos sexos, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 45 años, que solicitaron atención en el Servicio de Trastornos Temporomandibulares, del Departamento de Prótesis de la Facultad de Estomatología, que cumplieron los requisitos expresados para este estudio y refirieron signos y síntomas de trastornos temporomandibulares. Se analizó el comportamiento de las interferencias oclusales a los movimientos mandibulares. Se analizaron las interferencias oclusales a dichos movimientos en los modelos de estudios, montados en un articulador semiajustable. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron un predominio en las interferencias oclusales, en los pacientes analizados con trastornos temporomandibulares. El mayor porcentaje de interferencias se encontró durante el movimiento propulsivo. Las interferencias fueron más frecuentes en el lado de no trabajo para los movimientos analizados y el grupo de molares resultó ser el más afectado, tanto para los movimientos de propulsión como de lateralidad(AU)

A study was conducted to identify the direct relation among the temporomandibular disorders and occlusal disharmonies, which always has been an attention matter by all Stomatology fields. Forty patients of both sexes were studied aged between 18 and 45 seeking care in the temporomandibular disorders service of Prosthesis Department from the Stomatology Faculty who fulfilled the expressed requirements for this type of study and presenting with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, thus we analyzed the occlusal interferences behavior to mandibular movements in study models, mounted in a semiadjustable articulator. Results obtained demonstrated predominance in occlusal interferences in study patients with temporomandibular disorders; the greater percentage of interferences was found during the propulsion movement which were more frequent in the non functional side for analyzed movements and molars were the more affected ones for propulsion movement and for laterality(AU)

Evaluación de la oclusión en pacientes con trastornos temporomandibulares y desarmonías oclusales / Occlusion assessment in patients with temporomandibular disorders and occlusal disharmony

Se realizó un estudio para identificar relación que existe entre los trastornos temporomandibulares y las desarmonías oclusales. Se estudiaron 40 pacientes de ambos sexos, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 45 años, que solicitaron atención en el Servicio de Trastornos Temporomandibulares, del Departamento de Prótesis de la Facultad de Estomatología, que cumplieron los requisitos expresados para este estudio y refirieron signos y síntomas de trastornos temporomandibulares. Se analizó el comportamiento de las interferencias oclusales a los movimientos mandibulares. Se analizaron las interferencias oclusales a dichos movimientos en los modelos de estudios, montados en un articulador semiajustable. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron un predominio en las interferencias oclusales, en los pacientes analizados con trastornos temporomandibulares. El mayor porcentaje de interferencias se encontró durante el movimiento propulsivo. Las interferencias fueron más frecuentes en el lado de no trabajo para los movimientos analizados y el grupo de molares resultó ser el más afectado, tanto para los movimientos de propulsión como de lateralidad(AU)

A study was conducted to identify the direct relation among the temporomandibular disorders and occlusal disharmonies, which always has been an attention matter by all Stomatology fields. Forty patients of both sexes were studied aged between 18 and 45 seeking care in the temporomandibular disorders service of Prosthesis Department from the Stomatology Faculty who fulfilled the expressed requirements for this type of study and presenting with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, thus we analyzed the occlusal interferences behavior to mandibular movements in study models, mounted in a semiadjustable articulator. Results obtained demonstrated predominance in occlusal interferences in study patients with temporomandibular disorders; the greater percentage of interferences was found during the propulsion movement which were more frequent in the non functional side for analyzed movements and molars were the more affected ones for propulsion movement and for laterality(AU)

Exodoncias dentarias e interferencias oclusales postratamiento ortodóncico / Dental extractions and occlusal interferences postorthodontic treatment

Se realizó un estudio de 20 pacientes egresados del Servicio de Ortodoncia de la Facultad de Estomatología de Ciudad de La Habana, cuyas edades no excedieran los 30 años. El objetivo fue evaluar la influencia de algunas variables morfológicas como la relación canina, contacto en posición de máxima intercuspidación (PMI), sobrepase y resalte. El estudio reveló el predominio de los pacientes con interferencias oclusales, que fueron más frecuentes en el grupo sin exodoncias. La mayor cantidad de pacientes presentaron neutroclusión canina, no obstante, ambos grupos presentaron un gran porcentaje de interferencias oclusales. En el grupo con exodoncias fue donde más se logró el contacto en PMI de los dientes anteriores; en todos los movimientos correspondientes las interferencias fueron más frecuentes en el área de trabajo, hubo predominio de pacientes con sobrepase canino y anterior de 1/3 de corona, pero igualmente predominaron las interferencias oclusales, principalmente en el grupo sin exodoncias(AU)

A study of 20 patients under 30 years old discharged from the Orthodontics Service of the Faculty of Stomatology of Havana City was conducted to evaluate the influence of some morphological variables as the canine relation, contact in maximum intercuspidation position (MIP), overbite and overjet. The study revealed the predominance of patients with occlusal interferences that were more frequent in the group with no dental extractions. Most of the patients presented canine neutro-occlusion; however, both groups showed a great percentage of occlusal interferences. In the group with extractions, the contact in MIP of the anterior teeth was mostly attained in the group with extractions. In all the corresponding movements the interferences were more frequent in the working area. It was observed a prevalence of anterior canine overbite of 1/3 of the crown, but the occlusal interferences predominated in the same way, mainly in the group without extractions(AU)

Una revisión de la literatura sobre la relación causal entre los factores oclusales (FO) y los desordenes temporomandibulares (DTM) III: estudios experimentales con interferencias oclusales (IO) artificiales / A review of the literature on the causal relationshipbetween occlusal factors (OF) and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) III: experimental studies with artificial occlusal interferences (OI)

Introducción: este es el tercero de una serie de artículos que tienen como propósito presentar revisión de la literatura sobre la relación causal entre los factores oclusales (FO) y los desórdenes temporomandibulares (DTM). Métodos: en este artículo se presentaron y analizaron los estudios experimentales con interferencias oclusales (IO) artificiales, siguiendo los parámetros recomendados por Mohl. Resultados y conclusiones: el análisis de los estudios revisados en este artículo no soportó a ninguna de las IO como factor causal en el desarrollo de DTM. Aunque sí hubo asociación de ciertas IO con el desarrollo de signos o síntomas de DTM, este fue en el mejor de los casos de manera transitoria. Adicionalmente, aspectos metodológicos como el tiempo de seguimiento corto, la falta de grupos controles de la mayoría de los estudios, hace que la información arrojada por estos sea cuestionable.

Introduction: this is the third of these series of articles that have as purpose to present a literature review about the causal relationship between the occlusal factors (OF) and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Methods: this article presents and analyzes experimental studies in which occlusal interferences (OI) were used according to parameters recommended by Mohl. Results and conclusions: the analysis reported in this article did not support any OF as causal in the development of TMD. Although there was an association of some of the OI with the development of signs and symptoms of TMD, this was, in the best of the cases, transitory. Additionally, methodological aspects such as the short follow-up time, lack of control groups in most of the studies, made the information found questionable.