RESUMEN
The positive effect of herbal supplements on aging and age-related disorders has led to the evolution of natural curatives for remedial neurodegenerative diseases in humans. The advancement in aging is exceedingly linked to oxidative stress. Enhanced oxidative stress interrupts health of humans in various ways, necessitating to find stress alleviating herbal resources. Currently, minimal scientifically validated health and cognitive booster resources are available. Therefore, we explored the impact of plant extracts in different combinations on oxidative stress, life span and cognition using the multicellular transgenic humanized C. elegans, and further validated the same in Mus musculus, besides testing their safety and toxicity. In our investigations, the final product-the HACBF (healthy ageing cognitive booster formulation) thus developed was found to reduce major aging biomarkers like lipofuscin, protein carbonyl, lipid levels and enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes. Further confirmation was done using transgenic worms and RT-PCR. The cognitive boosting activities analyzed in C. elegans and M. musculus model system were found to be at par with donepezil and L-dopa, the two drugs which are commonly used to treat Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In the transgenic C. elegans model system, the HACBF exhibited reduced aggregation of misfolded disease proteins α-synuclein and increased the health of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, levels of Acetylcholine and Dopamine contents respectively, the major neurotransmitters responsible for memory, language, learning behavior and movement. Molecular studies clearly indicate that HACBF upregulated major genes responsible for healthy aging and cognitive booster activities in C. elegans and as well as in M. musculus. As such, the present herbal product thus developed may be quite useful for healthy aging and cognitive boosting activities, and more so during this covid-19 pandemic. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13237-022-00407-1.
RESUMEN
The effect of combination of phyto-extracts (sea buckthorn extract (SBTE), grape seed extract (GSE)) on different physico-chemical, oxidative stability, instrumental colour and texture, sensory and microbiological properties of pork patties were investigated under aerobic and MAP (50 % CO2: 50 % N2) packaging conditions. Treatments viz. T-1 (aerobic packaged control), T-2 (aerobic packaged containing 0.3 % SBTE+ 0.1 % GSE), T-3 (MAP packaged control) and T-4 (MAP packaged containing 0.3 % SBTE+ 0.1 % GSE) at 4 ± 1 °C for 35 days and samples were drawn at 7 days interval. The pH decreased initially up to 21 days and thereafter increased on further storage whereas water activity followed a decreasing trend throughout the storage period, irrespective of the treatment and packaging conditions. Results of oxidative stability parameters revealed that peroxide value, TBARS and FFA followed an increasing trend in both the packaging groups during storage however, the rate of increase was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in MAP packaged products than aerobic packaged products and phyto extracts incorporated products than their respective control. Instrumental colour and texture profiles were best maintained in MAP packaged treated products (T-4) which has higher redness (a*) value whereas lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) showed lower (P < 0.05) value. MAP packaging resulted in superior sensory properties of pork patties as compared to aerobic packaged products. Standard plate count, psychrophiles and Coliforms were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in treated products than control and microbial count was better maintained in MAP than aerobic condition. Results concluded that the combined use of antioxidants and MAP packaging would be a useful method to control the oxidative and microbial quality changes of pork patties and it can be successfully stored for 35 days.