Barriers to implementing problem-based learning at the school of medicine of Debre Berhan University, Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Implementing PBL in teaching and learning can be challenging due to a variety of complex barriers. Studies on barriers to the implementation of problem-based learning in Ethiopia are scarce. This study aimed to explore the barriers to the implementation of problem-based learning at the Debre Berhan University Medical School. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted among faculty and medical students at the medical school. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with tutors and academic leaders, including the problem-based learning coordinator, the biomedical sciences coordinator, and the school dean. Data was also collected from students through focus group discussions. All interviews and discussions were recorded. The four steps of data analysis of Spradley, including domain analysis, taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and theme analysis, were employed. RESULTS: The study identified student-related, tutor-related, case scenario-related, and assessment-related barriers as the most significant obstacles to implementing problem-based learning. These barriers included work overload for both students and tutors, lack of training and experience among tutors, student reluctance, absence of standardized case scenarios, subjectivity of assessment methods, and on-the-spot assessment of students. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Lack of both tutor and student commitment, lack of standardized cases, absence of a recognition of staff input, gap in communication skills, work overload, lack of continuous training, and at-spot evaluation of students were identified as the main barriers to the implementation of PBL.

Moving Beyond Hemangioma: Interactive, Multidisciplinary, Case-Based Teaching in Vascular Anomalies for Pediatric Residents.

Introduction: Vascular anomalies are a spectrum of disorders, including vascular tumors and malformations, that often require multispecialty care. The rarity and variety of these lesions make diagnosis, treatment, and management challenging. Despite the recognition of the medical complexity and morbidity associated with vascular anomalies, there is a general lack of education on the subject for pediatric primary care and subspecialty providers. A needs assessment and the lack of an available standardized teaching tool presented an opportunity to create an educational workshop for pediatric trainees using the POGIL (process-oriented guided inquiry learning) framework. Methods: We developed a 2-hour workshop consisting of an introductory didactic followed by small- and large-group collaboration and case-based discussion. The resource included customizable content for learning assessment and evaluation. Residents completed pre- and posttest assessments of content and provided written evaluations of the teaching session. Results: Thirty-four learners in pediatrics participated in the workshop. Session evaluations were positive, with Likert responses of 4.6-4.8 out of 5 on all items. Pre- and posttest comparisons of four content questions showed no overall statistically significant changes in correct response rates. Learners indicated plans to use the clinical content in their practice and particularly appreciated the interactive teaching forum and the comprehensive overview of vascular anomalies. Discussion: Vascular anomalies are complex, potentially morbid, and often lifelong conditions; multispecialty collaboration is key to providing comprehensive care for affected patients. This customizable resource offers a framework for trainees in pediatrics to appropriately recognize, evaluate, and refer patients with vascular anomalies.

Impact of the use of active methodology on the performance of undergraduate radiology students.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Although PBL is widely used in several countries, especially in medicine courses, its application in teaching other higher education courses, which involve fundamentals applied to radiology, is still little explored. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in a higher education institution's radiology and biomedicine technologist course, focusing on specific radiology-related disciplines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An interventional study was developed with 78 students. An active methodology model was created and implemented for one of the groups of participants. At the beginning of each semester, students of both groups were evaluated with pre-tests. At the end of the semesters, the students performed a post-test and a validated evaluation of the discipline methodology. Repeated measures generalized linear regressive models with robust error estimators were used to evaluate test outcomes. RESULTS: A significant interaction among the methodologies was found (p=0.020), with better results from students exposed to the active methodology (initial and final grades were 7.18 and 7.57 in the active methodology, respectively, and 7.45 and 6.89 in the traditional methodology, respectively). In addition, students' evaluation regarding the quality of the methodology was favorable to the active methodology with statistical significance (p<0.05) in 16 of the 22 items evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: The students' positive response and performance were attributed to the interaction and innovation of the methodology compared to conventional methods, highlighting the effectiveness of PBL in higher education in radiology and its potential for more participatory and contextualized learning.

[Transformation of scientific research results into teaching resources to improve the teaching effect: taking the teaching of the chromatographic method in the pharmaceutical analysis course as an example].

The pharmaceutical analysis course is a three-dimensional knowledge network that connects several courses to form a new comprehensive knowledge node involving a large knowledge system and flexible knowledge structure. In this course, the subject of chromatography covers a wide range of topics. However, because accurate content is challenging to present, the teaching effect of this subject is poor. In this work, we sought to achieve the educational purpose of establishing morality and cultivating talent, as well as the goal of training highly skilled professionals, by taking the teaching of chromatography in the pharmaceutical analysis course as an example of transforming scientific research results into teaching resources. The resources obtained are integrated into the teaching process to provide innovative and scientific research ideas to students with the aim of not only helping them understand and master technical knowledge but also exercise their ability to raise and solve problems. Furthermore, we expound on how to introduce scientific development frontiers and formulate scientific problems through curriculum design. We also describe how our strategy can promote the teaching effect and achieve teaching objectives. Based on the characteristics of rapid knowledge update and equal emphasis on theory and practice in pharmaceutical analysis, the course is designed by introducing new advances in scientific development, formulating scientific problems, and adopting question- and problem-based learning methods for teaching. The teaching effect is then evaluated through diversified assessment, student feedback, and self-evaluation. The results show that the transformation of scientific research results into teaching resources plays a significant role in stimulating students' interest in learning, improving students' ability to solve problems, and achieving curriculum objectives, all of which greatly improve the teaching effect.

Comparing the effects of patient safety education using design thinking and case based learning on nursing students' competece and professional socialization: A quasi-experimental design.

Background: Patient safety issues should be constantly monitored and sensitively recognized. In nursing education, it is necessary to find effective teaching methods to increase students' competencies in patient safety. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a new method, design thinking (DT), and a traditional method, case-based learning (CBL), in patient safety education. Design: This study used a quasi-experimental, pre-post control group design. Settings: A 30-h training tutorial was developed for intervention groups, DT and CBL, while the control group received no treatment. Participants: In this study were junior nursing students receiving baccalaureate nursing education with experiences of at least 480-h clinical practice. A total of 53 students (21 in the DT group, 19 in the CBL group, and 13 in the control group) were recruited. Methods: Clinical reasoning competency, patient safety competency, and professional socialization were measured immediately after the end of the educational program using DT and CBL, 4 weeks later, and 8 weeks later. Effects of DT and CBL were analyzed using a generalized estimating equation. Results: Both DT and CBL were effective in clinical reasoning competency (χ2 = 15.432, p = 0.017) and knowledge domain of patient safety competency (χ2 = 42.824, p < 0.001), showing no significant difference between the two. CBL was more effective in professional socialization than DT. Conclusions: DT was as effective as CBL in clinical reasoning competency and knowledge domain of patient safety competency. In the healthcare field, where improving the patient experience is becoming increasingly important, DT is worth applying as an educational method to train nursing students who can take a creative and human-centered problem-solving approach. It is expected that educational curricula utilizing DT will be developed not only in the field of patient safety but also in various patient care areas.

The Application of Problem-Based Learning Combined With Case-Based Learning in EEG Teaching.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to explore the application effectiveness and value of combining problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning (CBL) in clinical electroencephalography (EEG) education. METHODS: A total of 104 standardized training for residents and refresher physicians from the Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Neurology Department of Chongqing Yubei Hospital, and Neurology Department of Banan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled. According to randomization principles, 52 participants were assigned into the PBL-CBL combination group and 52 subjects were assigned into the control group. We used statistical methods to compare the differences between the 2 groups in basic theory, case analysis, practical assessment scores, and teaching satisfaction. RESULTS: In terms of basic theory, case analysis, practical assessment scores, and teaching satisfaction, there were significant differences between the 2 groups, and the PBL-CBL combination group was superior to the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION: In clinical EEG education, the teaching model of combining PBL and CBL has certain application effects and value.

From Slow Shifts to Fast Flips: Unraveling problem-based learning group function dynamics.

PURPOSE: Problem-Based Learning (PBL) relies on self-directed learning in small groups in the presence of a tutor. While the effectiveness of PBL is often attributed to the dynamics of group function, change in group function over time and factors influencing group function development are less understood. This study aims to explore the development of PBL group function over time to better understand the factors that give rise to high-functioning groups. METHOD: We examined time-function graphs of group function and conducted semi-structured focus group discussions in 2023 with medical students enrolled in a PBL curriculum. Students reflected on their experiences in four different PBL groups, creating time-function graphs to characterize development of group function over 8-12-week periods. We analyzed graphs and transcripts in a staged approach using qualitative description and direct content analysis, sensitized by two frameworks: Tuckman's Stages of Group Development and the Dimensions of PBL Group Function. RESULTS: Three archetypes of PBL group function development were identified: Slow Shifters, Fast Flippers, and Coasters. (1) Slow Shifters were characterized by a complex and extended pattern of growth consistent with Tuckman's model, typically occurring amongst inexperienced groups, or groups faced with a novel task. (2) Fast Flippers were characterized by abrupt state changes in group function arising from internal or external disruptions. (3) Coasters were characterized by plateaus, where maintenance of group function was a frequently cited challenge. Abrupt changes and plateaus occurred more among mature groups and groups with significant PBL experience. CONCLUSIONS: PBL group function varies over time in 3 different patterns. Classic Tuckman's stages are apparent among inexperienced groups, or groups facing novel tasks, whereas experienced groups often face abrupt change or plateaus. PBL educators and students should consider the need for novelty and disruption in more experienced groups to incite growth.

La enseñanza de la radiología en los programas docentes integrados / Teaching Radiology in integrated educational programs

La radiología es una disciplina médica, un área de conocimiento transversal integrada en cualquier situación clínica. El aprendizaje óptimo del conocimiento, habilidades y aptitudes en radiología en el Grado en Medicina requiere la integración de cualquier modalidad de imagen en las distintas áreas del conocimiento: desde las asignaturas básicas hasta cualquier asignatura clínica del grado. El presente artículo describe la integración de la docencia en radiología del plan de estudios en todo el grado de medicina de la Universidad de Girona (UdG), describiendo las distintas actividades docentes de radiología que se imparten en las distintas asignaturas; desde primero a sexto curso. Se detallan las actividades específicas de la asignatura de «radiología», incluyendo talleres, seminarios, prácticas, juego de ordenador interactivo, y describiendo las características de la actividad metodológica docente principal de la UdG, el aprendizaje basado en problemas.(AU)

Radiology is a medical discipline, an area of transversal knowledge integrated into any clinical situation. The optimal training of learning knowledge, skills and aptitudes in Radiology in the Degree in Medicine requires the integration of any imaging modality in the different areas of knowledge; from the basic subjects to any clinical subject of the Degree. This article describes the integration of Radiology teaching into the curriculum throughout the Medicine Degree at the University of Girona (UdG), describing the different radiology teaching activities that are taught. The specific activities of the subject «Radiology» are detailed; through workshops, seminars, practices, interactive computer game; and describing the characteristics of the main teaching methodological activity of the UdG, Problem-Based Learning.(AU)

The effect of different patient-based learning models on student perceptions of empathy, engagement, knowledge, and learning experience.

BACKGROUND: Problem-based learning is used widely in pharmacy and medical programmes, incorporating realistic patient scenarios into regular teaching as a way of linking theory to practice. Routine case-based learning lessons ranges from real patient involvement, scripted patient scenarios, digital simulations (avatars) as well as through media such as Zoom. The existing literature has explored the extensive benefits of using patients in clinical education, but fewer studies have directly compared the efficacy of each model as learning tools. AIM: To compare student perceptions of patient-based learning models to elicit student empathy, increase engagement, improve knowledge, and enrich learning experience. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to second-year pharmacy students in Swansea University to gather their perceptions on the nine different patient-based learning models in their routine teaching (SUMS RESC 2023-0011). Students were asked to rank their experience of the models explicitly against each other, based on the four pillars of (1) eliciting student empathy, (2) increasing engagement, (3) improving knowledge and (4) enriching the learning experience. Students were also asked to rate the significance of realism (i.e. knowing the patient demographics/having a visual representation of the patient) to their experience. RESULTS: Altogether, 31 student rankings of the nine learning models were weighted (9 = highest rank; 1 = lowest ranked). The data showed clear preferences for real-patient involvement over fictional cases, especially for eliciting empathy. Interestingly, scripted scenarios were rated highly for both engagement and learning experience only when avatars were involved, which suggests a role of animated visual representation of the patient in facilitating these outcomes. CONCLUSION: Whilst it is useful to have multiple patient-based learning models, this study serves as a guide for educators in preparing case-based learning sessions for achieving the desired outcomes of any of the four pillars above.

An Interactive Mapping and Case Discussion Seminar Introducing Medical Students to Climate Change, Environmental Justice, and Health.

Introduction: Integrating climate change and health into a medical school curriculum is critical for future physicians who will manage health crises caused by a rapidly changing climate. Although medical schools have increasingly included climate change in the curriculum, there remains a need to address the link between the climate crisis, environmental justice, and historical policies that shape environmental health disparities in local communities. Methods: In academic years 2021-2022 (AY22) and 2022-2023 (AY23), second-year medical students participated in a 2.5-hour seminar utilizing didactic teaching and small breakout groups that included interactive mapping activities and case scenarios. Learner knowledge and attitudes were self-assessed using pre- and postcurriculum surveys and a quiz. Qualitative thematic and content analysis was used to evaluate short-answer quiz responses and feedback. Results: Of 357 students who participated in the seminar, 208 (58%) completed both the precurriculum and postcurriculum surveys. Self-assessed ability increased significantly for all educational objectives across both years. Attitudes on the importance of climate change knowledge for patient health also improved from a mean of 3.5 precurriculum to 4.2 postcurriculum (difference = 0.7, p < .01) in AY22 and from 3.6 pre- to 4.3 postcurriculum (difference = 0.7, p < .01) in AY23 on a 5-point Likert scale. Discussion: This climate change and health session highlighting the link between environmental policy and climate change health vulnerability in the local context was successful in improving students' self-assessed ability across all stated educational objectives. Students cited the interactive small-group sessions as a major strength.

Teaching radiology in integrated educational programs.

Radiology is a medical discipline, an area of transversal knowledge integrated into any clinical situation. The optimal training of learning knowledge, skills and aptitudes in Radiology in the Degree in Medicine requires the integration of any imaging modality in the different areas of knowledge; from the basic subjects to any clinical subject of the Degree. This article describes the integration of Radiology teaching into the curriculum throughout the Medicine Degree at the University of Girona (UdG), describing the different radiology teaching activities that are taught. The specific activities of the subject "Radiology" are detailed; through workshops, seminars, practices, interactive computer game; and describing the characteristics of the main teaching methodological activity of the UdG, Problem-Based Learning.

Physiology education in China: the current situation and changes over the past 3 decades.

OBJECTIVE: As an experimental biological science, physiology has been taught as an integral component of medical curricula for a long time in China. The teaching effectiveness of physiology courses will directly affect students' learning of other medical disciplines. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current situation and changes in physiology teaching over 30 years in Chinese medical schools. METHODS: National survey was conducted online on the platform SoJump via WeChat and the web. The head of the physiology department in medical school was asked to indicate the information of physiology education from three periods: 1991-2000, 2001-2010, and 2011-2020. The responses of 80 leaders of the Department of Physiology from mainland Chinese medical schools were included in the study for analysis. RESULTS: The survey showed that the class hours, both of theory and practice, had been decreased. During the past 20 years, the total number of physiology teachers, the number of physiology teachers who had been educated in medical schools, and the number of technicians had been reduced, whereas teachers with doctor's degrees had been increased. In addition to traditional didactic teaching, new teaching approaches, including problem-based learning/case-based learning/team-based learning, integrated curriculum and formative evaluation systems, had been employed, mostly for more than 5 years, in some medical schools. CONCLUSION: The present study has provided historical data regarding the current status of physiology education in China and that in the past thirty years by showing that physiology education in China has developed quickly,even it faces many challenges.

Application of PRI-E-a combined learning method in oral and maxillofacial oncology education.

The traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) method is facing great challenges due to its low efficiency and single proceeding form. We designed a PRI-E learning mode that combined and modified problem-based, case-based, and evidence-based learning with a step-by-step approach. We evaluated the practical learning outcomes of using the PRI-E mode by comparing it with traditional lecture-based learning in oral and maxillofacial oncology education. "PRI-E" consists of the first letters of the English words Passion, Research, Innovation, and Education, and it means "the best Education". This prospective randomized controlled trial included 40 participants. We evenly divided the participants into the PRI-E (n = 20) and LBL group (n = 20) based on the entrance test scores. The same staff group designed and then taught the learning content with different group measures. The evaluation included the final test scores and questionnaire assessments. Without affecting the examination results, the PRI-E teaching method was more satisfactory and popular with participants in terms of ability development and classroom participation. Enacting the PRI-E teaching method required more time, but this did not affect its popularity among the participants. Compared with the LBL learning mode, the PRI-E learning mode was more organized and efficient in oral and maxillofacial oncology education without affecting academic performance. This model has a high degree of satisfaction, which is conducive to training students' comprehensive ability.

Branching Path Simulation for Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Students to Promote Critical Thinking: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

INTRODUCTION: Branching path simulation (BPS) is an active learning pedagogy incorporating gaming principles in a low-stakes, safe environment. No study has explored the use of BPS in advanced practice nursing education. This study measured pediatric nurse practitioner students' perception of the integration of BPS in one graduate-level course. METHOD: This study used a one group, post-test only quasi-experimental design with a convenience sample of 22 pediatric nurse practitioner students over 2 years enrolled in a university in the Pacific Northwest United States. RESULTS: Responses to BPS were positive: design (M = 4.8; SD ± 0.4), usability (M = 4.3; SD ± 1.0), self-confidence (M = 4.2; SD ± 0.8) and satisfaction (M = 4.8; SD ± 0.4). DISCUSSION: BPS was well received by learners. It not only provides immediate feedback and encourages students to identify their clinical management weaknesses and strengths but it also can be customized to needs in a course at a significant cost saving.

Impact of virtual problem-based learning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on fourth-year nursing students' satisfaction and performance: a quasi-experimental study.

BACKGROUND: Regarding competency of nursing students in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), nursing students frequently exhibit inadequate performance and low satisfaction levels regarding CPR training methods. The problem-based learning (PBL) method, characterized by a constructivist approach, has been underutilized for CPR training, particularly in a virtual format. Hence, this study aims to assess the influence of virtual problem-based learning in cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the satisfaction and performance of fourth-year nursing students. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study, conducted in 2022, involved 80 final-year nursing students from Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (N = 40) or the control group (N = 40). The experimental group was further divided into six smaller groups on WhatsApp. Both groups initially received routine training sessions, after which the experimental group engaged in four problem-based learning sessions across three different scenarios. Data collection included demographic information, a teaching satisfaction questionnaire, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation checklists administered immediately and one month after the intervention. RESULTS: The study was initiated and concluded with 80 participants. The study commenced with no significant disparity in the mean scores of cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance, encompassing chest compressions (P = 0.451) and airway management (P = 0.378), as well as teaching satisfaction (p = 0.115) among the nursing students between the experimental and control groups. However, subsequent to the intervention, both immediately and one month later, the experimental group displayed notable enhancements in mean scores for cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance, comprising chest compressions (p < 0.001) and airway management (p < 0.001), as well as teaching satisfaction (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that nursing educators implement this approach in their teaching practices.

[Forty-three Years of Dedicated Efforts in Advancing Pharmacist Expertise: Aspiring to Become a Pharmacist and Cultivate Pharmacists Proficient in Recommending Prescription Medicines to Doctors].

When I graduated from university, my aim was to become a pharmacist capable of recommending prescription medicines to doctors and teaching others to do the same. To achieve this goal, I developed comprehensive curricula incorporating progressive educational tools such as problem-based learning and small group discussions. Subsequently, the effectiveness of these tools and curricula was evaluated, and the findings of these assessments were published in various peer-reviewed journal articles. Consequently, a body of evidence on the most effective ways to recommend prescription medicines to doctors was gradually established. This paper aims to summarize this comprehensive body of research spanning over 43 years, with the objective of highlighting the valuable insights gained thus far, identifying the best practice techniques, and exploring potential avenues for future research.

THE INTEGRATION OF ESCAPE ROOMS IN NURSING UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW / LA INTEGRACIÓN DEL ESCAPE ROOM EN LA LICENCIATURA EN ENFERMERÍA: UNA REVISIÓN INTEGRATIVA / A INSERÇÃO DO ESCAPE ROOM NA GRADUAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que teve como objetivo investigar a utilização da Sala de Escape (SE) no ensino universitário, com foco na formação de profissionais de enfermagem. Foram analisados ​​artigos primários publicados entre 2018 e 2022 em português, inglês e espanhol, provenientes das bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL e Scopus, seguindo uma abordagem metodológica. Os estudos destacaram a adaptação do ensino devido à pandemia da COVID-19, enfatizando a transição para métodos ativos e colaborativos e sugerindo um interesse crescente pela ER. O tema principal foram doenças crônicas, especialmente doenças cardiovasculares em adultos; porém, os estudos também apontaram a versatilidade da RE em diversos contextos. Predominantemente, foi utilizado o formato presencial com atividades em grupos de cinco pessoas e duração média de 60 minutos, visando principalmente avaliar a experiência dos participantes. Os resultados indicam uma experiência positiva, enfatizando a importância do debriefing. Portanto, conclui-se que a RE mostra-se uma estratégia promissora no ensino de enfermagem, proporcionando benefícios significativos aos estudantes. Recomenda-se a integração cuidadosa das RE nos currículos acadêmicos, considerando os objetivos de aprendizagem e o conteúdo específico.

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com o objetivo de investigar o uso do Escape Room (ER) no ensino universitário, com enfoque na formação de profissionais de enfermagem. Foram analisados ​​artigos primários publicados entre 2018 e 2022, em português, inglês e espanhol, nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL e Scopus, seguindo uma abordagem metodológica. Os estudos evidenciaram a adaptação do ensino devido à pandemia de COVID-19, destacando a transição para métodos ativos e colaborativos e sugerindo um interesse crescente no pronto-socorro. A questão principal era doenças crônicas, especialmente cardiovasculares em adultos; No entanto, os estúdios também sinalizam a versatilidade do ER em diversos contextos. Principalmente, foi utilizado o formato presencial com atividades em grupos de cinco pessoas e uma duração média de 60 minutos, com o objetivo predominante de avaliar a experiência dos participantes. Os resultados indicam uma experiência positiva, realçando a importância do debriefing. Por isso, como conclusão, o ER se apresenta como uma estratégia promissora no ensino de enfermagem, proporcionando benefícios significativos aos estudantes. Se recomenda a integração de cuidados de ER nos planos de estudos acadêmicos, considerando os objetivos de aprendizagem e os conteúdos específicos.

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com o objetivo de investigar o uso do Escape Room (ER) no ensino universitário, com foco na formação de profissionais de enfermagem. Foram analisados ​​artigos primários publicados entre 2018 e 2022, em português, inglês e espanhol, nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL e Scopus, seguindo um percurso metodológico. Os estudos evidenciaram a adaptação do ensino devido à pandemia de COVID-19, ressaltando a transição para métodos ativos e colaborativos e aumentando o interesse crescente no ER. A temática principal foram doenças crônicas, especialmente cardiovasculares em adultos; contudo, os estudos apontam também para as especificidades do ER em diversos contextos. Predominantemente, o formato presencial foi utilizado com atividades em grupos de cinco pessoas e duração média de 60 minutos, com o objetivo predominante de avaliar a experiência dos participantes. Os resultados indicam uma experiência positiva, enfatizando a importância do debriefing . Portanto, como concluir, o ER mostra-se como uma estratégia promissora no ensino de enfermagem, proporcionando benefícios benéficos aos estudantes. Recomenda-se a integração cuidadosa do ER nos currículos acadêmicos, considerando os objetivos de aprendizagem e conteúdos específicos. 

Ensino remoto de educação em saúde na pós-graduação em saúde coletiva: possibilidades no contexto da pandemia de covid-19 / Remote teaching of health education in the postgraduate program in collective health: possibilities in the context of the covid-19 pandemic / Enseñanza a distância de educación para la salud en el posgrado en salud colectiva: posibilidades en el contexto de la pandemia del covid-19

O ensino remoto emergencial ocasionou mudanças no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, requisitando criatividade e incorporação de novas estratégias pedagógicas. Aqui, o objetivo é descrever a experiência de ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina educação em saúde, no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre o ensino remoto de educação em saúde no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, no período letivo 2021.1. A disciplina foi ministrada por meio da plataforma Google Meet®, adotando-se estratégias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem. Os conteúdos mostraram--se relevantes. Ademais, a experiência promoveu a articulação teórico-prática, valorizou os saberes prévios dos pós-graduandos e estimulou a interatividade. Buscou-se superar o modelo tradicional de ensino, com vistas a propiciar autonomia e uma aprendizagem significativa. Os desafios encontrados e as possibilidades identificadas permitem a reflexão sobre a práxis docente, no que tange ao estímulo à participação e ao engajamento discente em ambiente virtual, além da incorporação de estratégias ativas de ensino, sobretudo no ensino remoto.

Emergency remote teaching caused changes in the teaching-learning process, requiring creativity and the incorporation of new pedagogical strategies. Here, the objective is to describe the teaching-learning experience in the health education discipline, in the context of the covid-19 pandemic. This is an experience report on remote teaching of health education in the postgraduate program in public health, at the Ceará State University, Brazil, in the 2021.1 academic period. The classes were given using the Google Meet® platform, adopting active teaching-learning strategies. The contents proved to be relevant. Moreover, the experience promoted theoretical-practical articulation, valued the prior knowledge of the postgraduate students and encouraged interactivity. We sought to overcome the traditional teaching model, in order to provide autonomy and a meaningful learning. The challenges experienced and the possibilities identified allow reflection on teaching practice in terms of encouraging student participation and engagement in a virtual environment, in addition to the incorporation of active teaching strategies in especially remote teaching.

La educación remota de emergencia provocó cambios en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, requiriendo creatividad y la incorporación de nuevas estrategias pedagógicas. El objetivo aquí es describir la experiencia de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la disciplina educación para la salud, en el contexto de la pandemia covid-19. Se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre la enseñanza remota de educación para la salud en el programa de posgrado en Salud Pública, de la Universidad Estadual de Ceará, en el período académico 2021.1. El curso se impartió utilizando la plataforma Google Meet®, adoptando estrategias activas de enseñanza-aprendi-zaje. Los contenidos han demonstrado ser relevantes. Además, la experiencia fomentó la articulación teó-rico-práctica, valoró los conocimientos previos de los estudiantes de posgrado y impulsó la interactividad. Buscamos superar el modelo de enseñanza tradicional, con el propósito de proporcionar autonomía y un aprendizaje significativo. Los desafíos enfrentados y las posibilidades identificadas permiten reflexionar sobre la práctica docente, en relación a incentivar la participación y el compromiso de los estudiantes en un ambiente virtual, además de la incorporación de estrategias activas en la enseñanza remota.

Enhancing Surgical Nursing Student Performance: Comparative Study of Simulation-Based Learning and Problem-Based Learning.

Background: Surgical nursing is a high-risk, high-pressure, and complex field. Nurses need extensive knowledge, skills, and abilities. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Simulation-Based Learning (SBL) are effective student-centered methods. Which method is better for surgical nurse training? More research is needed to determine the best approach for undergraduate surgical nurse education. Purpose: To compare the impact of PBL and SBL on undergraduate nursing students' performance and improve learning outcomes in surgical nursing education. Methods: We used a pretest/post-test design with 318 nursing undergraduates randomly assigned to two groups. Participants completed three progressive scenarios focused on surgical nursing cases. Experts blindly reviewed video recordings using the 70-item Korean Nurses' Core Competence Scale (KNCCS) to assess performance. The 13-item Satisfaction and Self-confidence in learning Scale (SSS) measured learning confidence and satisfaction. SBL participants also completed the 16-item Educational Practices in Simulation Scale (EPSS) and 20-item Simulation Design Scale (SDS). Results: The study found significant positive effects on both groups, with noticeable improvements in post-test, retention, and follow-up test results (P < 0.001). The SBL group showed higher competency levels in nurses (P < 0.001). The Cohen's d and effect size (r) for various skills were as follows: clinical performance (0.84767 and 6.39023), critical thinking (0.31017 and 0.15325), professional attitude (0.85868 and 0.39452), and communication skills (1.55149 and 0.61294). The satisfaction and self-confidence of nurses were higher in the SBL group (4.53±0.596; 4.47±0.611) compared to the PBL group (4.32±0.689; 4.25±0.632) in all dimensions of SSS (all P < 0.05). The SBL group also scored high in simulation design and EPSS. However, improvements are needed in fidelity, objectives, information, and students' expectations. Conclusion: SBL and PBL improve nurses' core competence, satisfaction, and self-confidence. SBL is superior. This study promotes student-centered education, enhancing surgical nursing professionals' quality and ensuring future patient safety.

Learning Assistants in Flipped-Classrooms: A New Pedagogical Strategy for Pre-Clinical Medical Education.

Problem-based learning has been widely incorporated into pre-clinical medical education to increase the applicability of pre-clinical knowledge. However, studies have demonstrated increased learning burden and decreased confidence in learning when adapting to this didactic medium. To the authors' knowledge, limited interventions target these shortcomings in real time. Thus, we adapted and implemented a "Learning Assistants" (LA) program that can be deployed in pre-clinical didactic sessions. In this prospective pilot study, trained LAs were deployed in the classroom to assist students in their clinical case vignettes under instructor supervision. Learning assistants and students completed pre-session and post-session evaluation surveys to assess LA helpfulness, student confidence, and interest in study material. Paired observations were evaluated using Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests, ANCOVA, and paired t-tests. Unstructured responses were evaluated using thematic analysis. A significant improvement in both student interest (p < 0.001) and confidence (p < 0.001) in the course material was observed after each surveyed session. No significant difference was observed in student-perceived LA helpfulness across the sessions (p = 0.12). Thematic analysis revealed common themes in student knowledge gaps, including challenges with understanding drug mechanisms of action and drug interactions. The results suggest that this program may consistently positively impact student interest and confidence. However, further research is needed to evaluate the impacts of this intervention on learning outcomes and standardized assessments. This study highlights the potential for such a program to bolster pre-clinical didactic sessions that utilize the problem-based learning instructional modality. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40670-023-01958-x.