The Feasibility and Safety of No Placement of Urinary Catheter Following Lung Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study With 2,495 Cases.

OBJECTIVES: The study was aimed to investigate the safety and feasibility of avoiding urinary catheterization after surgery in patients undergoing lung cancer resection. METHODS: Between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2017, the patients with primary lung cancer who received lobectomy or segmental resection via video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in our department were screened. Based on whether a urinary catheter was inserted after surgery, patients were divided into urinary catheter (UC) group or non-UC group, and rates of postoperative urinary retention (POUR), urinary catheter re-insertion and urinary tract infection (UTI) were compared. RESULTS: There was no difference in International prostate symptom score (p = .268) between the groups, but a higher Sedation-Agitation Scale (SAS) score was found in UC group [4.0 (3.0 4.0) vs. 4.0 (2.0, 4.0); p < .001], with a higher proportion of patients with agitation (SAS score > 4; 17.3%, 317/1,835 vs. 12.9%, 86/660, p = .008). In contrast, a higher rate of POUR was observed in non-UC group (11.2%, 74/660 vs. 7.4%, 136/1,835, p = .003), whereas the rate of UTI was significantly lower in this group (5.8%, 38/660 vs. 8.3%, 153/1,835, p = .033). Multivariable analysis revealed the non-placement of UC as the independent factor for POUR (OR: 1.542, 95%CI: 1.135-2.095, p = .006) and UTI (OR: 0.664, 95%CI: 0.459-0.962, p = .031). CONCLUSION: This retrospective study with large sample of 2,495 patients provided evidence to the hypothesis that avoiding urinary catheterization contributed to decrease in the incidence of UTI and was safe and feasible in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.

Primary Stability of Orthodontic Titanium Miniscrews due to Cortical Bone Density and Re-Insertion.

The increasing demand for orthodontic treatment over recent years has led to a growing need for the retrieval and reuse of titanium-based miniscrews to reduce the cost of treatment, especially in patients with early treatment failure due to insufficient primary stability. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate differences in the primary stability between initially inserted and re-inserted miniscrews within different cortical bone densities. Artificial bone was used to simulate cortical bone of different densities, namely 20, 30, 40, and 50 pound per cubic foot (pcf), where primary stability was evaluated based on maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum removal torque (MRT), horizontal resistance, and micromotion. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate morphological changes in the retrieved miniscrews. The MIT, MRT, horizontal resistance, and micromotion was better in samples with higher cortical bone density, thereby indicating better primary stability (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant reduction of MIT, MRT, and horizontal resistance was observed during re-insertion compared with the initial insertion, especially in the higher density cortical bone groups. However, there was no significant change in micromotion. While higher cortical bone density led to better primary stability, it also caused more abrasion to the miniscrews, thereby decreasing the primary stability during re-insertion.

Unexpectedly High Levels of Inverted Re-Insertions Using Paired sgRNAs for Genomic Deletions.

Use of dual sgRNAs is a common CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy for the creation of genetic deletions. The ease of screening combined with a rather high rate of success makes this approach a reliable genome engineering procedure. Recently, a number of studies using CRISPR/Cas9 have revealed unwanted large-scale rearrangements, duplications, inversions or larger-than-expected deletions. Strict quality control measures are required to validate the model system, and this crucially depends on knowing which potential experimental outcomes to expect. Using the dual sgRNA deletion approach, our team discovered high levels of excision, inversion and re-insertion at the site of targeting. We detected those at a variety of genomic loci and in several immortalized cell lines, demonstrating that inverted re-insertions are a common by-product with an overall frequency between 3% and 20%. Our findings imply an inherent danger in the misinterpretation of screening data when using only a single PCR screening. While amplification of the region of interest might classify clones as wild type (WT) based on amplicon size, secondary analyses can discover heterozygous (HET) clones among presumptive WTs, and events deemed as HET clones could potentially be full KO. As such, screening for inverted re-insertions helps in decreasing the number of clones required to obtain a full KO. With this technical note, we want to raise awareness of this phenomenon and suggest implementing a standard secondary PCR while screening for deletions.

Mapeamento psicossocial participativo: metodologia de facilitação comunitária / Psychosocial participatory mapping: community facilitation methodology

O artigo a visa a análise da percepção dos jovens sobre a comunidade a partir da metodologia de facilitação comunitária denominada de Mapeamento Psicossocial Participativo com alunos do ProJovem Urbano, com base no referencial teórico da psicologia comunitária. Essa metodologia promove o conhecimento da comunidade, sensibilização com o meio, interação com os moradores e a participação em atividades, bem como o reconhecimento das dificuldades vivenciadas e os potenciais a serem desenvolvidos. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se com natureza qualitativa pautada no método dialógico vivencial. Teve como amostra dez alunos do ProJovem Urbano da Escola Papa João XXIII, no Bairro Vila União, em Fortaleza. Utilizamos a observação participante e a realização do mapeamento psicossocial participativo e de círculos de cultura. Para a análise, recorremos à construção de sentidos. Observamos, portanto, que os jovens participantes tendiam geralmente a se afastar da comunidade, não participando das atividades comunitárias e nem se sentiam pertencentes àquele meio social, necessitando de metodologias participativas para realizar a reinserção social com a comunidade. Concluímos que o mapeamento psicossocial participativo propicia uma reflexão sobre a reinserção e ressocialização dos jovens na sua comunidade, pois consistiu em uma forma de diálogo e de problematização da realidade, por meio do conhecimento e da sensibilização em relação ao contexto social.

The article analyzes the perception of young people about the community from the community facilitation methodology named participatory psychosocial mapping with “ProJovem Urbano” program students, based on the theory of community psychology. This methodology promotes community’s knowledge, awareness with the environment, interaction with residents and participation in activities, as well as recognition of the difficulties experienced and the potential to be developed. The survey was developed with qualitative nature based on the dialogic experiential method. It had a sample size of ten students from “Escola Papa João XXIII” of the “ProJovem Urbano” program in Vila União, in Fortaleza. We used participant observation and participatory map and the psychosocial and cultural circles. We used the construction of meaning for the analysis. We observed, however, that the participants generally tended to move away from the community, not participating in community activities and not feeling belonging to that social environment, requiring participatory methodologies to accomplish the social reinsertion in the community. We conclude that the psychosocial participatory mapping provides a reflection on the reinsertion and reintegration of young people into their communities because it consisted of a form of dialogue and problematization of reality, through knowledge and awareness of the social context.