Social support in recently diagnosed diabetic patients: Risk factor for depression?

Background: social support is important for adaptation in chronic diseases, such as diabetes and depression, because it favors recovery and adherence to treatment. Introducing its evaluation in the follow-up of diabetic patients can reduce complications derived from secondary non-adherence. Aims: to establish social support in diabetic patients and its correlation with depressive symptoms. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical study nested in a cohort of 173 recently diagnosed diabetic patients (<6 months) in Colombia over 18 years of age, treated in a cardiovascular risk program in 2022. The Chronic Illness Social Support Inventory was used. Results: Most of the participants were women (77.5%); single(83.8%), age (mean = 62.6 years (SD 12.3)); glycemia (mean = 146.4 (SD 65.5)), glycosylated hemoglobin (mean = 7.6 (SD 1.7)). Cronbach's α coefficient for the general scale of the social support instrument was 0.9859. The mean social support was 168.5 (SD 37.4), range 38-228. The total social support score was normally distributed (Shapiro Wilk p > 0.05). The correlation between domains was statistically significant. The PHQ9 total score was significantly associated with the domains of Personal Interaction and Guide but did not significantly correlate with the overall social support score. The respondents who were at risk of developing depression were referred for treatment. Conclusions: findings suggest that perceived social support may play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of depression in diabetic patients. It is desirable that health professionals consider evaluating and enhancing social support to improve their mental health. More research is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of this relationship.

Predictive Role of Resilience and Hope on Adherence to Treatment in Hemodialysis Patients.

Objective: To determine the predictive role of resilience and hope on adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients hospitalized in two hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz, Iran). Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 2021-2022 on 120 patients treated in hemodialysis sections in Namazi and Shahid Faqihi teaching hospitals. Sampling was conducted using a stratified random method. Demographic information questionnaires, Connor and Davidson's resilience, Snyder's hope and adherence to kidney patients' treatment questionnaires were used to collect the data. Results: The finds showed that the levels of resilience, hope, and adherence to treatment had hight level. More specifically, it was indicated that the mean and standard deviation for the total resilience score, the hope variable, and adherence to total treatment was 75.45±14.34, 40.43±3.66, and 80.12±18.20, respectively; which have maximum possible scores of 100, 48 and 100. Thus, it can be said that no correlation was observed between resilience and adherence to treatment variables (p>0.05); hope variable and adherence to treatment (p>0.05), and adherence to treatment with hope and resilience variables (p>0.05). However, hope and resilience variables showed a direct and weak correlation with each other (r=0.36, p<0.05); that is, patients who had more hope indicated better resilience as well. Conclusion: Although in this study we found that the resilience and hope variables were not able to predict the treatment adherence, hope and resilience indicated a direct and weak correlation. It is recommended that nurses should pay more attention to hope and resilience of hemodialysis patients in order to promote their health.

Predictive Role of Resilience and Hope on Adherence to Treatment in Hemodialysis Patients / Papel predictivo de la resiliencia y la esperanza en la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes en hemodiálisis / Papel preditivo da resiliência e da esperança na adesão ao tratamento em pacientes em hemodiálise

Objective. To determine the predictive role of resilience and hope on adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients hospitalized in two hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz, Iran). Methods. This is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 2021-2022 on 120 patients treated in hemodialysis sections in Namazi and Shahid Faqihi teaching hospitals. Sampling was conducted using a stratified random method. Demographic information questionnaires, Connor and Davidson's resilience, Snyder's hope and adherence to kidney patients' treatment questionnaires were used to collect the data. Results. The finds showed that the levels of resilience, hope, and adherence to treatment had hight level. More specifically, it was indicated that the mean and standard deviation for the total resilience score, the hope variable, and adherence to total treatment was 75.45±14.34, 40.43±3.66, and 80.12±18.20, respectively; which have maximum possible scores of 100, 48 and 100. Thus, it can be said that no correlation was observed between resilience and adherence to treatment variables (p>0.05); hope variable and adherence to treatment (p>0.05), and adherence to treatment with hope and resilience variables (p>0.05). However, hope and resilience variables showed a direct and weak correlation with each other (r=0.36, p<0.05); that is, patients who had more hope indicated better resilience as well. Conclusion. Although in this study we found that the resilience and hope variables were not able to predict the treatment adherence, hope and resilience indicated a direct and weak correlation. It is recommended that nurses should pay more attention to hope and resilience of hemodialysis patients in order to promote their health.

Objetivo. Determinar el papel predictivo de la resiliencia y la esperanza en la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes en hemodiálisis internados en dos hospitales afiliados a la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz (Shiraz, Irán). Métodos. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo-analítico que se realizó en 2021-2022 con la participación de 120 pacientes tratados en secciones de hemodiálisis en los hospitales docentes Namazi y Shahid Faqihi. El muestreo se realizó mediante un método aleatorio estratificado. Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron datos demográficos y las escalas de resiliencia de Connor y Davidson, de esperanza de Snyder y de adherencia al tratamiento de pacientes renales. Resultados. Los hallazgos mostraron que los niveles de resiliencia, esperanza y adherencia al tratamiento se encontraban en niveles altos. Más concretamente, se indicó que la media y la desviación estándar para la puntuación total de resiliencia, la variable esperanza y la adherencia al tratamiento total fueron 75.45±14.34, 40,43±3.66 y 80.12±18.20, respectivamente; las cuales tienen como puntajes máximos posibles 100, 48 y 100. No se observó correlación entre las variables: resiliencia y adherencia al tratamiento (p>0.05), esperanza y la adherencia al tratamiento (p>0.05), y adherencia al tratamiento y las variables esperanza y resiliencia (p>0.05). Sin embargo, las variables esperanza y resiliencia mostraron una correlación directa y débil entre sí (r=0.36, p<0.05); es decir, los pacientes que tenían más esperanza indicaron también mejor resiliencia. Conclusión. Aunque en este estudio encontramos que las variables resiliencia y esperanza no fueron capaces de predecir la adherencia al tratamiento, la esperanza y la resiliencia indicaron una correlación directa y débil. Se recomienda que el personal de enfermería preste más atención a la esperanza y la resiliencia de los pacientes en hemodiálisis para promover su salud.

Objetivo. Determinar o papel preditivo da resiliência e da esperança na adesão ao tratamento em pacientes em hemodiálise internados em dois hospitais afiliados à Universidade de Ciências Médicas de Shiraz (Shiraz, Irã). Métodos. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-analítico realizado em 2021-2022 com a participação de 120 pacientes atendidos nas seções de hemodiálise dos hospitais universitários Namazi e Shahid Faqihi. A amostragem foi realizada por método aleatório estratificado. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados dados demográficos e as escalas de resiliência de Connor e Davidson, escalas de esperança de Snyder e adesão ao tratamento de pacientes renais. Resultados As descobertas mostraram que os níveis de resiliência, esperança e adesão ao tratamento estavam em níveis elevados. Mais especificamente, foi indicado que a média e o desvio padrão do escore de resiliência total, da variável esperança e da adesão total ao tratamento foram 75.45±14.34, 40.43±3.66 e 80.12±18.20, respectivamente; que possuem as pontuações máximas possíveis de 100, 48 e 100. Não foi observada correlação entre as variáveis: resiliência e adesão ao tratamento (p>0.05), esperança e adesão ao tratamento (p>0.05), e adesão ao tratamento e esperança e variáveis de resiliência (p>0.05). Contudo, as variáveis esperança e resiliência apresentaram correlação direta e fraca entre si (r=0.36, p<0.05); Ou seja, os pacientes mais esperançosos também indicaram melhor resiliência. Conclusão. Embora neste estudo tenhamos constatado que as variáveis resiliência e esperança não foram capazes de predizer a adesão ao tratamento, a esperança e a resiliência indicaram uma correlação direta e fraca. Recomenda-se que a equipe de enfermagem preste mais atenção à esperança e à resiliência dos pacientes em hemodiálise para promover sua saúde.

Avaliação do autocuidado em diabéticos em duas unidades de saúde no município de Campinas (SP) / Evaluation of self-care among diabetics in two health units in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo / Evaluación del autocuidado en diabéticos en dos centros de salud del municipio de Campinas, São Paulo

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) são as principais causas de morbimortalidade no mundo, causando 738.371 óbitos em 2019 no Brasil. Entre elas, há a diabetes mellitus (DM), uma doença que acarreta a hiperglicemia, resultante da deficiência na secreção e/ou ação da insulina. Além das complicações, pacientes com DM apresentam elevado sofrimento emocional, incidindo sobre o autocuidado com o tratamento, a alimentação, a atividade física, entre outros aspectos que afetam sua qualidade de vida. Nessa perspectiva, este estudo objetiva avaliar a aderência ao autocuidado nos pacientes com DM cadastrados em dois Centros de Saúde no município de Campinas, em São Paulo. Estudo de caráter exploratório descritivo, a coleta de dados foi realizada a partir do Questionário de Atividades do Autocuidado com o Diabetes (QAD), adaptado e validado para a cultura brasileira a partir do The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (SDSCA). Os dados foram analisados mediante tabulação no programa EPI INFO versão 3.5.1. A partir dos achados, os centros de saúde poderão fortalecer a linha de cuidado de indivíduos com diagnóstico de DM, direcionando as ações educativas na prevenção de complicações, permitindo maior independência e autonomia do paciente e aprimorando a adesão ao tratamento.

Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2019, 738,371 deaths were reported due to NCDs in Brazil. Among them is Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a disease that causes hyperglycemia from a deficiency in insulin secretion and/or action. In addition to complications, DM patients experience high emotional suffering which affects self-care treatment, nutrition, physical activity and other aspects that impact their quality of life. In this perspective, this study evaluates adherence to self-care treatment in DM patients registered in two health centers in Campinas, São Paulo. An exploratory, descriptive study was conducted using data collected by the Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire (QAD), adapted and validated for Brazil using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (SDSCA). Data were analyzed using tabulation in the EPI INFO program version 3.5.1. Based on the findings, health centers may strengthen their line of care for individuals diagnosed with DM, directing educational actions towards preventing complications, allowing greater patient independence and autonomy, thus improving treatment adherence.

Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ENT) están entre las principales causas de morbimortalidad en el mundo; en 2019 se reportaron en Brasil 738.371 muertes por ENT. Entre las ENT, se encuentra la diabetes mellitus (DM), una afección que causa hiperglucemia y que resulta de una deficiencia en la secreción y/o acción de la insulina. Además de sus complicaciones, los pacientes con DM experimentan un alto sufrimiento emocional, lo que afecta el autocuidado con el tratamiento, la nutrición, la actividad física y otros aspectos relacionados a la calidad de vida. Desde esta perspectiva, este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la adherencia al autocuidado en pacientes con DM registrados en dos centros de salud de la ciudad de Campinas, en São Paulo (Brasil). Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, en el cual la recolección de datos se realizó mediante el Cuestionario de Actividades de Autocuidado de la Diabetes (QAD), adaptado y validado para la cultura brasileña mediante el Resumen de las Actividades de Autocuidado de la Diabetes (SDSCA). Los datos se analizaron mediante tabulación en el programa EPI INFO, versión 3.5.1. Los hallazgos apuntan a que los centros de salud podrán fortalecer la línea de atención a las personas diagnosticadas con DM desde acciones educativas sobre la prevención de complicaciones, permitiendo mayor independencia y autonomía del paciente y mejorando así la adherencia al tratamiento.

Efecto de COVID-19 en el tratamiento del cáncer cervicouterino: estudio antes/después / Effect of COVID-19 pandemics in treatment of cervical cancer: pre/post study

Resumen Introducción : Hay escasa evidencia sobre el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el cumplimiento del tratamiento de cáncer cervicouterino. Métodos : Se llevó a cabo un estudio poblacional de cohorte retrospectivo. -antes/después- de las pacientes con cáncer cervicouterino diagnosticadas en estable cimientos públicos de la provincia de Jujuy (n = 140), entre 2017 y 2020. Las pacientes diagnosticadas en 2020 se consideraron expuestas a la pandemia (n = 21). Utili zamos la regresión logística multivariada para analizar la asociación entre pandemia y cumplimiento del tra tamiento de cáncer. Además, se midió la duración del tratamiento en aquellas con indicación de braquiterapia y el tiempo hasta el inicio al tratamiento según estadio. Resultados : Comparadas con las mujeres diagnosti cadas en 2017-2019 el odds ratio de incumplimiento del tratamiento fue de 1.77 (IC95% 0.59-5.81; p = 0.32) para las diagnosticadas durante 2020. Se encontró un mayor riesgo de incumplimiento en pacientes con indicación de braquiterapia (OR 4.14; IC 95%:1.95-9.11; p < 0.001). La mediana de duración del tratamiento para aquellas con indicación de braquiterapia fue de 12.8 y 15.7 sema nas en 2017-2019 y 2020 respectivamente (p = 0.33). La mediana de tiempo hasta el inicio del tratamiento para pacientes con enfermedad en estadio temprano fue de 9 y 5 semanas durante 2017-2019 y 2020 respectivamente (p = 0.06), versus una mediana de 7.2 y 9 semanas en 2017-2019 y 2020 respectivamente (p=0.36) para las pa cientes con enfermedad en estadio IIB+. Conclusiones : El bajo acceso a la braquiterapia fue un factor determinante de incumplimiento de tratamiento de cáncer cervicouterino, independientemente del efecto de la pandemia.

Abstract Introduction : Little evidence exists on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemics on the compliance with cervi cal cancer treatment. Methods : We carried out a population-based, be fore-and-after retrospective cohort study of all cervical cancer patients diagnosed in the Jujuy province public health sector (n=140), Argentina, between 2017 and 2020. Patients diagnosed in 2020 were considered exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic (n=21). We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between the pandemics and compliance with treatment. We also measured treatment duration for women who were indicated brachytherapy and time to treatment initia tion by stage. Results : Compared with women diagnosed in 2017- 2019 the odds ratio of non-complying with treatment was 1.77 (95%CI 0.59-5.81; p = 0.32) for women diagnosed during 2020. An increased risk of non-compliance was found in patients with prescribed brachytherapy (OR 4.14. 95%CI 1.95-9.11; p < 0.001). Median treatment dura tion for women with prescribed brachytherapy was 12.8 and 15.7 weeks in 2017-2019 vs. 2020 (p = 0.33); median time to treatment initiation for women with early-stage disease was 9 and 5 weeks during 2017-2019 and 2020 respectively (p = 0.06), vs 7.2 and 9 weeks in 2017-2019 and 2020 respectively (p = 0.36) for patients with stages IIB+ disease. Conclusions : Low access to brachytherapy was a major determinant of non-compliance. irrespective of the effect of the pandemics.

Factores de la adherencia terapéutica y uso de tecnologías de la información en pacientes hipertensos / Factors of therapeutic adherence and use of information technologies in hypertensive patients / Fatores de adesão terapêutica e uso de tecnologias de informação em hipertensos

Resumen Objetivo: determinar la relación de los factores socioeconómicos, los inherentes al paciente, los servicios de salud, los tratamientos y el uso de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) con la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con hipertensión arterial que asisten a una institución de salud en Duitama, Boyacá. Metodología: Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, correlacional descriptivo de corte transversal; en el cual se buscó establecer relaciones entre los factores asociados a la adherencia al tratamiento y la adherencia al tratamiento; en un universo de pacientes con la hipertensión arterial que asisten a una institución de salud en Duitama, Boyacá de enero a agosto de 2021, a partir del cual, teniendo en cuenta los criterios de inclusión, se seleccionaron 200 participantes por muestreo aleatorio sistemático. Resultados: Se encontró alto grado de correlación entre los factores socioeconómicos y el nivel de usabilidad de TIC, con la adherencia al tratamiento y correlación significativa entre los factores relacionados con el proveedor, relacionados con la terapia y con el paciente, con la adherencia al tratamiento en el grupo de participantes, siendo relevante la vinculación entre los conceptos de adherencia al tratamiento y autocuidado. Conclusión: los factores que logran explicar el comportamiento de adherencia del grupo de estudio son los factores socioeconómicos, factores relacionados con la terapia, factores relacionados con el paciente y el nivel de usabilidad de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.

Abstract Objective: To determine the relationship of socioeconomic factors, those inherent to the patient, services during health, treatments and the use of ICT, with adherence to treatment in patients with arterial hypertension who attend a health institution in Duitama, Boyacá. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive correlational cross-sectional study was developed; in which it was sought to establish relationships between the factors associated with adherence to treatment and adherence to treatment; in a universe of patients with hypertension who attend a health institution in Duitama, Boyacá during January to August 2021, from which and taking into account the inclusion criteria, 200 participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Results: A high degree of correlation was found between socioeconomic factors and the level of ICT usability, with adherence to treatment, and a significant correlation between provider-related, therapy-related, and patient-related factors, with adherence to treatment. Treatment in the group of participants, the link between the concepts of adherence to treatment and self-care being relevant. Conclusion: The factors that manage to explain the behavior of adherence of the study group are socioeconomic factors, factors related to therapy, factors related to the patient and the level of usability of Technology of the information and communication.

Resumo Objectivo: Determinar a relação de fatores socioeconômicos, inerentes ao paciente, serviços durante a saúde, tratamentos e uso de TIC, com a adesão ao tratamento em pacientes com hipertensão arterial que frequentam uma instituição de saúde em Duitama. Materiais e métodos: Foi desenvolvido um estudo quantitativo e descritivo correlacional de corte transversal, no qual se buscaram relações entre os fatores associados à adesão ao tratamento e a adesão ao tratamento, em um universo de pacientes hipertensos atendidos em uma unidade de saúde em Duitama, Boyacá, durante janeiro a agosto de 2021, dos quais e levando em conta os critérios de inclusão, foram selecionados 200 participantes por amostragem aleatória sistemática. Resultados: Foi encontrado um alto grau de correlação entre os fatores socioeconômicos e o nível de usabilidade das TICs com a adesão ao tratamento, e uma correlação significativa entre os fatores relacionados ao provedor, à terapia e ao paciente com a adesão ao tratamento. No grupo de participantes, a ligação entre as noções de adesão ao tratamento e autogestão é relevante. Conclusão: Os fatores que explicam o comportamento de adesão do grupo de estudo são fatores socioeconômicos, fatores relacionados à terapia, fatores relacionados ao paciente e o nível de usabilidade da tecnologia da informação e comunicação.

Adherence of individuals with shoulder pain to home exercise booklets: Barriers, facilitators, and the impact of disability, self-efficacy, and treatment expectations.

BACKGROUND: home exercise booklets offer several benefits to individuals with shoulder pain. However, it is necessary to investigate the factors that determine adherence to home exercises. OBJECTIVES: 1) To investigate the level of adherence of individuals with chronic shoulder pain to a home exercise booklet conducted without the mediation of a healthcare professional, 2) To describe the barriers and facilitators to adherence, and 3) to determine if shoulder disability, self-efficacy, and treatment expectations are predictors of the level of adherence. DESIGN: prospective longitudinal study. METHODS: A total of 47 individuals with chronic shoulder pain were recruited. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was used to assess pain intensity, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) to measure shoulder disability, the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ-10) for self-efficacy, and a likert scale to measure treatment expectations. Adherence was measured by Exercise Adherence Assessment Scale (EAAE-Br). RESULTS: A total of 23 individuals (48.93%) adhered to the home exercise program. The most commonly cited barriers were pain and health-related issues, while the most cited facilitators were pain improvement and symptom relief. Barriers associated with adherence were time constraints and other commitments, while the facilitator associated with adherence was enjoying the exercises. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that shoulder disability, self-efficacy, and treatment expectations were unable to predict adherence to home exercises in individuals with shoulder pain [F (1,47) = 2.384; p = 0.130; R2 = 0.056]. CONCLUSION: The study revealed barriers and facilitators to home exercise in individuals with shoulder pain. Disability, self-efficacy, and treatment expectations were not able to predict adherence.

[Effect of COVID-19 pandemics in treatment of cervical cancer: pre/post study]. / Efecto de COVID-19 en el tratamiento del cáncer cervicouterino: estudio antes/después.

INTRODUCTION: Little evidence exists on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemics on the compliance with cervical cancer treatment. METHODS: We carried out a population-based, before-and-after retrospective cohort study of all cervical cancer patients diagnosed in the Jujuy province public health sector (n=140), Argentina, between 2017 and 2020. Patients diagnosed in 2020 were considered exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic (n=21). We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between the pandemics and compliance with treatment. We also measured treatment duration for women who were indicated brachytherapy and time to treatment initiation by stage. RESULTS: Compared with women diagnosed in 2017-2019 the odds ratio of non-complying with treatment was 1.77 (95%CI 0.59-5.81; p = 0.32) for women diagnosed during 2020. An increased risk of non-compliance was found in patients with prescribed brachytherapy (OR 4.14. 95%CI 1.95-9.11; p < 0.001). Median treatment duration for women with prescribed brachytherapy was 12.8 and 15.7 weeks in 2017-2019 vs. 2020 (p = 0.33); median time to treatment initiation for women with early-stage disease was 9 and 5 weeks during 2017-2019 and 2020 respectively (p = 0.06), vs 7.2 and 9 weeks in 2017-2019 and 2020 respectively (p = 0.36) for patients with stages IIB+ disease. CONCLUSIONS: Low access to brachytherapy was a major determinant of non-compliance. irrespective of the effect of the pandemics.

Introducción: Hay escasa evidencia sobre el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el cumplimiento del tratamiento de cáncer cervicouterino. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio poblacional de cohorte retrospectivo. ­antes/después­ de las pacientes con cáncer cervicouterino diagnosticadas en establecimientos públicos de la provincia de Jujuy (n = 140), entre 2017 y 2020. Las pacientes diagnosticadas en 2020 se consideraron expuestas a la pandemia (n = 21). Utilizamos la regresión logística multivariada para analizar la asociación entre pandemia y cumplimiento del tratamiento de cáncer. Además, se midió la duración del tratamiento en aquellas con indicación de braquiterapia y el tiempo hasta el inicio al tratamiento según estadio. Resultados: Comparadas con las mujeres diagnosticadas en 2017-2019 el odds ratio de incumplimiento del tratamiento fue de 1.77 (IC95% 0.59-5.81; p = 0.32) para las diagnosticadas durante 2020. Se encontró un mayor riesgo de incumplimiento en pacientes con indicación de braquiterapia (OR 4.14; IC 95%:1.95-9.11; p < 0.001). La mediana de duración del tratamiento para aquellas con indicación de braquiterapia fue de 12.8 y 15.7 semanas en 2017-2019 y 2020 respectivamente (p = 0.33). La mediana de tiempo hasta el inicio del tratamiento para pacientes con enfermedad en estadio temprano fue de 9 y 5 semanas durante 2017-2019 y 2020 respectivamente (p = 0.06), versus una mediana de 7.2 y 9 semanas en 2017-2019 y 2020 respectivamente (p=0.36) para las pacientes con enfermedad en estadio IIB+. Conclusiones: El bajo acceso a la braquiterapia fue un factor determinante de incumplimiento de tratamiento de cáncer cervicouterino, independientemente del efecto de la pandemia.

The Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire: validation of a Brazilian-Portuguese version in hypertensive adults.

Background: Self-reported adherence scales are widely used in research and practice because they are low in cost and easy to apply. A free version in Brazilian-Portuguese of the Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ) can be a useful alternative for determining the adherent behavior of hypertensive patients. Purpose: To translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the SMAQ therapeutic adherence scale for patients with arterial hypertension. Patients and methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in five outpatient units in Maceió-AL and Aracaju-SE between January and July 2019. A total of 117 patients aged over 18 years using antihypertensive drugs were recruited. The cross-cultural adaptation followed international methodological recommendations. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was tested as a reliability parameter. Criterion and construct validity were verified by concurrent validation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and validation by known groups. Results: The participants had a mean age of 56.6 years (SD = 10.7 years); most were female (72.6%). The mean number of antihypertensives prescribed per patient was 1.87 (SD = 0.87). There were 79.5% (n = 86) of patients considered non-adherent. Internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha = 0.63). A satisfactory correlation coefficient was verified with the Morisky-Green-Levine test as an external criterion (r = 0.56, p < 0.001). The scale's sensitivity measured through known group validity was 75.3%, specificity 29.5%, positive predictive value 63.9%, and negative predictive value 41.9%. We identified two factors of the instrument's construct from EFA: specific medication-taking behaviors and barriers to adherence. The initial KMO measure of sampling adequacy was 0.691, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (χ2 = 118.342, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The Brazilian-Portuguese version of the SMAQ scale proved valid and reliable for determining adherence to the pharmacotherapy in hypertensive patients. It showed more ability to detect non-adherent patients but with low specificity, possibly influenced by high social desirability.

[Caring for people living with HIV in the Colombian Health System: patients, caregivers and health workers perspectives]. / Atención de las personas que viven con VIH en el Sistema de Salud Colombiano: perspectivas de pacientes, cuidadores y personal de salud.

OBJECTIVE: Health policies and programs for people living with HIV have been subordinated to current economic policies based on the neoliberal development model that shapes the current healthcare system. The study's objective was to analyze the influence of the Colombian health system on the care of people who lived with HIV enrolled in the Subsidized Regime through Benefit Plan Administrating Entities and treated in Neiva (Colombia). METHODS: A qualitative study framed within the framework of the Critical Discourse Analysis was conducted. Nineteen people participated, including HIV patients, non-formal caregivers, and health workers. The participants were recruited from two Health Service Providers Institutions in the city of Neiva. In-depth interviews were conducted. Data were coded, categorized and organized in Excel for analysis. RESULTS: The interpersonal relationship and the health system functioning were two phenomena that interfered with caring for people with HIV by favoring or imposing barriers to practices. Failures were found in the informative-educational process from the moment of diagnosis, stigmatization, and discrimination, particularly in non-HIV-specialized health institutions, and multiple barriers to access to health services. 55.5% of the patients expressed having been discriminated against by health personnel at some point since their diagnosis. 100% of the patients interviewed identified different types of barriers to health services, contextualized in improper treatment, untimely care and abuse of power; only 22.2% resorted to the filing of complaints, petition rights or guardianships to claim their right to health. CONCLUSIONS: Health care praxis is carried out regardless of patients' situation, forgetting that those from a lower socioeconomic level have greater structural vulnerability related to poverty. The lack of healthcare exacerbates health inequalities.

OBJECTIVE: Las políticas y programas de atención en salud a las personas que viven con VIH han obedecido a las políticas económicas vigentes, basadas en el modelo de desarrollo neoliberal y que configuran el actual sistema de salud. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia del sistema de salud colombiano en la atención de las personas que vivían con VIH afiliadas a las Entidades Administradoras de Planes de Beneficio del Régimen Subsidiado, atendidos en Neiva (Colombia). METHODS: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, enmarcado en el Análisis Crítico del Discurso. Participaron diecinueve personas entre pacientes con VIH, cuidadores no formales y personal de salud, captados de dos Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud de la ciudad de Neiva, a quienes se les aplicó entrevistas en profundidad. Los datos fueron codificados, categorizados y organizados en Excel para su análisis. RESULTS: La relación interpersonal y el funcionamiento del sistema de salud fueron dos fenómenos que interfirieron en la atención de las personas con VIH, en cuanto a que favoreció o impuso barreras a las prácticas. Se encontraron fallos en el proceso informativo/educativo desde el momento del diagnóstico, estigma y discriminación, profundizado en las instituciones de salud no especializadas en VIH, así como múltiples barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud. El 55,5% de los pacientes expresó haber sido discriminados por el personal de salud en algún momento desde su diagnóstico. El 100% de pacientes entrevistados identificó barreras de diferente tipo para los servicios de salud, contextualizados en trato indebido, inoportunidad en la atención y abuso del poder; solo el 22,2% recurrió a la interposición de quejas, derechos de petición o tutelas para reclamar su derecho a la salud. CONCLUSIONS: La praxis de atención se realiza al margen de la situación de contexto de los pacientes, olvidando que son precisamente los ubicados en un nivel socioeconómico más bajo, quienes tienen mayor vulnerabilidad estructural relacionada con la pobreza, por lo que la falta de atención de salud exacerba las inequidades sanitarias.

Adherence to treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis / Adesão ao tratamento de pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise

Objective: To identify the adherence to therapeutic regimens in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Method: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach developed at an HD center in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study participants were 51 patients undergoing HD. Personal, socioeconomic, and objective data were collected, and the End-Stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire (ESRD-AQ) was applied. The analysis was performed using simple descriptive statistics. Result: The average age was 56.7 years, and 58% of the patients were male. The percentages of non-adherence were diet (35.4%), hemodialysis (21.6%), fluid intake (15.7%), and medication (13.7%). Conclusion: Therapeutic adherence is a complex process that requires constant monitoring by a multidisciplinary team.

Objetivo: Identificar a adesão ao regime terapêutico de pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em um centro de hemodiálise situado no sul de Minas Gerais. Os participantes do estudo foram 51 pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico. Foram coletados dados pessoais, socioeconômicos, objetivos aplicado o "Questionário de avaliação sobre a adesão do portador de doença renal crônica em hemodiálise". A análise foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva simples. Resultado: A média de idade foi de 56,7 anos e 58% dos pacientes foram do sexo masculino. Os percentuais de não aderência encontrados foram dieta (35,4%), hemodiálise (21,6%), ingestão de líquidos (15,7%) e medicação (13,7%). Conclusão: A adesão terapêutica é um processo complexo, e por isso necessita de acompanhamento constante pela equipe multiprofissional.

Adherence to Emergency Department Referral Criteria in a Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine Center.

Background: The safety of direct-to-consumer telemedicine (TM) is closely related to red flag detection and correct referrals. The adherence to referral criteria from current guidelines is not well quantified. Objective: To analyze the emergency department (ED) referral rate and adherence to referral guidelines in TM encounters of acutely ill patients calling a center that adopts stewardship protocols. Methods: This is a retrospective observational unicentric study, between March 2020 and March 2022, with patients who spontaneously sought direct-to-consumer urgent virtual medical assistance. A video-based teleconsultation was provided immediately after connection. Physicians managed situations according to their clinical judgment. Current guidelines, containing specific guidance for referral if red flags were identified, were available for consultation. Physicians' semiannual performance feedback was carried out. We analyzed the patterns for referral to immediate face-to-face medical evaluation and the agreement degree with the institutional guidelines. Results: A total of 232,197 patients were available, and 14,051 (6.05%) patients were referred to ED. A total of 8,829 (68.4%) referrals were based in specific guidelines according to the International Classification of Diseases hypothesis, and 8,708 (98.6%) were justified according to guidelines. Diarrhea had the highest guidelines' adherence to referral (97.6%), followed by COVID-19 (90%), headache (84.2%), and conjunctivitis (78.8%). Policies did not support 5,222 (31.6%) referrals, though 5,100 (97.6%) of these were justified according to the doctor's clinical judgment. Conclusion: TM doctors' assessment of acutely ill patients has high rates of adherence to guidelines regarding referral. Stewardship protocol adoption provides high rates of red flag description, even in the referral of nonpolicy diseases.

Factors associated with the discontinuation of hormonal contraceptives in women of Lima, Peru.

INTRODUCTION: Family planning is a right and a tool that offers the possibility of choosing how many children to have. Its importance lies in the possibility of avoiding an unwanted pregnancy and its consequences. Our objective was to determine the factors associated with discontinuing hormonal contraceptives in women of childbearing age who attended the La Libertad Health Center in January 2023. METHODS: The study was observational, analytical, and cross-sectional. A total of 100 women of childbearing age who were users of hormonal contraceptives were included. Descriptive statistics were performed, frequency measurements and measures of central tendency were calculated, bivariate statistics were performed and the prevalence ratio (PR) was calculated, and a robust Poisson regression model was performed to assess the associated independent factors. All calculations were made with a confidence level of 95%. RESULTS: The educational level (PR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.22-2.48, p=0.006), the distance to the health center (PR=7.32; 95% CI: 1.1-48.5, p=0.001), having presented adverse events (PR=26.38; 95% CI: 3.8-183, p=0.001), and that the health staff had not identified the need for contraception (PR=3.12; 95% CI: 0.87-11.10, p=0.01) were associated with stopping a hormonal contraceptive. After introducing the variables to the regression model, the only independently associated factor was having presented an adverse event with the use of hormonal contraceptives (adjusted prevalence ratio, APR=3.33; 95% CI: 2.1-5.2, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this population, the factors associated with the discontinuation of hormonal contraceptives were education level, distance to the health center, having presented some adverse event with its use, and that health staff had not identified the need for contraception. The only independently associated factor was having presented an adverse event.

Factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento nutricional en pacientes hipertensos, Paraguay 2021 / Factors that influence adherence to nutritional treatment in hypertensive patients, Paraguay 2021

Introducción: el tratamiento nutricional está afectado por la conducta de los sujetos para generar adherencia. Objetivo: determinar factores que influyen en la no adherencia al tratamiento nutricional en pacientes hipertensos que acuden al Hospital Regional de Coronel Oviedo, 2021. Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal. La población estuvo comprendida por pacientes registrados en el Programa de hipertensión arterial/Departamento cardiovascular del Hospital Regional de Coronel Oviedo. Se estudiaron los datos sociodemográficos, los factores de tratamiento nutricional y el grado de adherencia al tratamiento nutricional. Resultados: participaron del estudio 206 sujetos, el 53,4 % poseía 55 años o menos y el 81,1 % fue del sexo femenino. Se pudo hallar que solo el 3,8 % de los pacientes se adhieren al tratamiento. La no adherencia al factor conocimiento estuvo relacionado con el bajo nivel educativo (p=0,032), al factor equipo de salud con provenir del área rural y tener un bajo nivel educativo (p=0,006, p=0,002), al factor paciente con provenir del área rural (p=0.002), ser de bajo nivel educativo (p=0,008) y poseer obesidad grado II y III (p=0,036). La no adherencia global estuvo relacionada a estar casado (p=0.001) y realizar trabajos domésticos (p=0,009). Conclusiones: la adherencia al tratamiento es baja en la población de estudio.

Introduction: nutritional treatment is affected by the behavior of the subjects to generate adherence. This study was carried out to determine factors that influence non-adherence to nutritional treatment in hypertensive patients who attend the Coronel Oviedo Regional Hospital, 2021. Methodology: this was a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The population was comprised of patients registered in the hypertension department of the Coronel Oviedo Regional Hospital. Sociodemographic data, nutritional treatment factors and the degree of adherence to nutritional treatment were studied. Results: 206 subjects participated in the study, 53.4 % were 55 years old or younger and 81.1 % were female. We found that only 3.8 % of patients adhere to treatment. Non-adherence due to the knowledge factor was related to low educational level (p=0.032), to the health team factor with coming from a rural area and having a low educational level (p=0.006, p=0.002), to the patient factor with coming from a rural area (p=0.002), to have a low educational level (p=0.008) and to have obesity grade II and III (p=0.036). Global non-adherence was related to being married (p=0.001) and doing housework (p=0.009). Conclusions: adherence to treatment is low in the study population.

Adherencia a un programa alimentario dirigido a niños menores de 5 años, que asisten a un Hospital Materno Infantil de Asunción, Paraguay

Introducción. El Programa Alimentario Nutricional Integral (PANI) viene ejecutando acciones desde el año 2015 en servicios de salud de Asunción y años antes en otras regiones del país, con el fin de reducir los efectos negativos de la desnutrición; sin embargo, el éxito del PANI depende de la adherencia de los beneficiarios. Objetivo. Determinar la adherencia a un programa alimentario para el tratamiento de la desnutrición en niños menores de 5 años, ingresados en un Hospital Materno Infantil de Asunción, entre los años 2018 y 2021. Materiales y Método. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se incluyeron todos los niños ingresados al PANI del Hospital Materno Infantil de elección entre los años 2018 y 2021, digitalizados en planilla Excel y analizados con el software Epi Info versión 7. Resultados. De 211 niños registrados se obtuvo datos de 166 pacientes con una edad media ± 1 de 1,3 años ± 1, 53% niñas, el 50% presentaba un ingreso familiar menor al salario mínimo. El 87,35% de los niños ingresó con riesgo de desnutrición, 10,84% con desnutrición moderada y 1,81% grave. La tasa de deserción fue de 67,5%. Conclusión. La adherencia al tratamiento de la desnutrición fue baja. La implementación del PANI como política de salud debe ser fortalecida y monitoreada permanentemente de forma a garantizar sus objetivos, abordando otras variables que puedan estar relacionadas a la deserción. Palabras clave: desnutrición infantil; programas y políticas de nutrición y alimentación; cumplimiento y adherencia al tratamiento.

Introduction. The Comprehensive Nutritional Food Program (PANI) has been carrying out actions since 2015 in health services in Asunción and years before in other regions of the country, in order to reduce the negative effects of malnutrition, however; the success of PANI depends of the beneficiaries' adherence. Objective. To determine adherence to a food program for the treatment of malnutrition in children under 5 years of age, admitted to a Maternal and Child Hospital in Asunción, between 2018 and 2021. Materials and Method. Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with non-probabilistic sampling. Secondary data from children admitted to the PANI of the Maternal and Child Hospital of choice between 2018 and 2021 were included, digitized in an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed with the Epi Info version 7 software. Results. 166 samples participated in the study; The average age of the users was 1.3 years ± 1 SD. 53% were girls; 100% were of Latin ethnicity. 87.35% of children were admitted at risk of malnutrition, while moderate and severe malnutrition was 10.84% and 1.81% respectively. 50% had an income less than the minimum wage. Dropouts were 67.5% and admissions were 32.5%. Conclusion. Adherence to malnutrition treatment was low. The implementation of the PANI as a health policy must be strengthened and permanently monitored in order to guarantee its objectives, addressing other variables that may be related to dropout.

Educational video for adherence to vaginal pessary in pelvic organ prolapse treatment / Video educativo para la adherencia al pesario vaginal en el tratamiento del prolapso de órganos pélvicos / Vídeo educativo para adesão ao pessário vaginal no tratamento do prolapso de órgãos pélvicos

ABSTRACT Objectives: to construct and assess an educational video to promote the adherence of women with pelvic organ prolapse to vaginal pessary use. Methods: this is a methodological study, with a longitudinal design and quantitative analysis. The pre-production (synopsis, argument, script, storyboard), production and post-production stages were covered. Content and technical assessments were carried out by judges from the health and communication areas, respectively, and appearance assessment by the target audience. Results: the video was the first to be developed on the topic on the national scene, considered assessed from the point of view of appearance and content, presenting an overall Content Validity Index of 0.99 and a level of agreement among judges of 91.1% to 100%. Assessment by the target audience reached a percentage of 96% to 100%. Conclusions: the educational video is an instrument capable of promoting adherence to pessary in women indicated for this therapeutic approach.

RESUMEN Objetivos: construir y evaluar un video educativo para promover la adherencia de mujeres con prolapso de órganos pélvicos al uso de pesarios vaginales. Métodos: se trata de un estudio metodológico, con diseño longitudinal y análisis cuantitativo. Se cubrieron las etapas de preproducción (sinopsis, argumento, guión, storyboard), producción y postproducción. Las evaluaciones de contenido y técnica fueron realizadas por jueces de las áreas de salud y comunicación, respectivamente, y la evaluación de apariencia por parte del público objetivo. Resultados: el video fue el primero desarrollado sobre el tema en el panorama nacional, considerado evaluado desde el punto de vista de apariencia y contenido, presentando un Índice de Validez de Contenido global de 0,99 y un nivel de acuerdo entre jueces de 91,1% a 100%. La evaluación por parte del público objetivo alcanzó un porcentaje del 96% al 100%. Conclusiones: el video educativo es un instrumento capaz de promover la adherencia al pesario en mujeres indicadas para este abordaje terapéutico.

RESUMO Objetivos: construir e avaliar um vídeo educativo para promoção da adesão de mulheres com prolapso de órgãos pélvicos ao uso do pessário vaginal. Métodos: trata-se de estudo metodológico, com delineamento longitudinal e análise quantitativa. Foram percorridas as etapas de pré-produção (sinopse, argumento, roteiro, storyboard), produção e pós-produção. As avaliações de conteúdo e técnica foram realizadas por juízes da área da saúde e comunicação, respectivamente, e avaliação de aparência pelo público-alvo. Resultados: o vídeo foi o primeiro a ser desenvolvido sobre a temática no cenário nacional, considerado avaliado do ponto de vista de aparência e conteúdo, apresentando Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global de 0,99 e nível de concordância entre os juízes de 91,1% a 100%. A avaliação pelo público-alvo alcançou um percentual de 96% a 100%. Conclusões: o vídeo educativo é um instrumento capaz de promover a adesão ao pessário em mulheres com indicação para essa abordagem terapêutica.

Adherence to treatment in chronic kidney disease: associations with therapeutic modalities and coping capacity / Adesão ao tratamento na doença renal crônica: associações com as modalidades terapêuticas e capacidade de enfrentamento

Abstract Objective Chronic kidney disease treatment requires renal replacement therapy, with two possibilities - hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Due to physical and psychosocial stressors, adherence to treatment becomes a challenge. Coping strategies play a mediating role between patients, health, and the disease. This study aimed to identify potential associations between the level of adherence to dialysis treatment, therapeutic modalities, and types of coping used. Method A quantitative study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 233 patients who responded to four instruments, analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results Were observed higher levels of adherence in attitudes towards social restrictions in peritoneal dialysis patients, and that both groups use different coping strategies. There are associations between confrontational and supportive coping and therapeutic adherence. Conclusion Subjects on peritoneal dialysis have a better attitude towards therapeutic adherence, highlighting the need for greater investment in this treatment.

Resumo Objetivo A doença renal crônica exige, no tratamento, a realização de terapia renal substitutiva, com duas possibilidades - hemodiálise ou diálise peritoneal. Devido a estressores físicos e psicossociais, a adesão ao tratamento torna-se um desafio. As estratégias de enfrentamento têm papel mediador entre paciente, saúde e doença. O presente estudo objetivou identificar possíveis associações entre o nível de adesão ao tratamento dialítico, modalidades terapêuticas e tipos de enfrentamento utilizados. Método Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa, com amostra não probabilística de 233 pacientes, que responderam quatro instrumentos, analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados Observou-se melhores índices na adesão de atitudes frente às restrições sociais nos pacientes em diálise peritoneal, e que os grupos utilizam diferentes estratégias de enfrentamento. Há associações entre enfrentamentos confrontivo e sustentativo, e adesão terapêutica. Conclusão Sujeitos em diálise peritoneal possuem melhor atitude frente à adesão terapêutica, alertando sobre a necessidade de maior investimento nesse tratamento.

Perceptions of mhealth technology use by patients under dialytic treatment / Percepciones sobre el uso de tecnología mhealth por pacientes en tratamiento diáltico / Percepções do uso de tecnologia mhealth por pacientes em tratamento dialítico

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perceptions of mobile health technology use in adherence to the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease under hemodialysis. Method: This is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in a reference hemodialysis clinic in the city of Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil. Patients with chronic kidney disease under hemodialysis who used the Renal Health application between February and October 2022 were included in the study. The data was analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: A total of 12 patients were interviewed, the majority of whom were male, with an average age of 35.3 (±9.7) years and an average of 2.7 (±1.5) years of hemodialysis. After analyzing the content, two thematic categories emerged: "Support from mHealth technology in treatment management" and "Suggestions for improving the application", in which patients describe how the application is practical, favors the storage of information related to treatment, such as weight, water intake and medication taking times. In addition to generating graphs of the exams carried out monthly, it provides strategies that can promote disease self-management and consequently better adherence to treatment. Conclusion: The Renal Health application proved to be a useful tool capable of enhancing knowledge about chronic kidney disease and helping patients better manage their diet, fluid control and taking prescribed medications.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las percepciones sobre el uso de la tecnología móvil de salud en la adherencia al tratamiento de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis. Método: estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado en una clínica de referencia en hemodiálisis de la ciudad de Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil. Se incluyeron en el estudio pacientes en hemodiálisis renal crónica que utilizaron la aplicación Renal Health entre los meses de febrero y octubre de 2022. Los datos se analizaron mediante el método de análisis de contenido. Resultados: se entrevistaron 12 pacientes, la mayoría del sexo masculino, con una edad promedio de 35,3 (±9,7) años y un promedio de 2,7 (±1,5) años de hemodiálisis. Tras el análisis del contenido surgieron dos categorías temáticas: "Apoyo de la tecnología mHealth en la gestión del tratamiento" y "Sugerencias para mejorar la aplicación", en el que los pacientes describen cómo la aplicación es práctica, favorece el almacenamiento de información relacionada con el tratamiento, como peso, ingesta de agua y tiempos de toma de medicamentos. Además de generar gráficos de los exámenes realizados mensualmente, brinda estrategias que pueden promover el autocontrol de la enfermedad y en consecuencia una mejor adherencia al tratamiento. Conclusión: la aplicación Renal Health demostró ser una herramienta útil capaz de mejorar el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad renal crónica y ayudar a los pacientes a gestionar mejor su dieta, control de líquidos y toma de medicamentos prescritos.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as percepções do uso de uma tecnologia mobile health na adesão ao tratamento do paciente renal crônico em hemodiálise Método: estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em uma clínica de referência em hemodiálise no município de Juazeiro, Bahia, Brasil. Foram incluídos no estudo pacientes renais crônicos hemodialíticos que utilizaram o aplicativo Renal Health entre os meses de fevereiro a outubro de 2022. Os dados foram analisados através do método análise de conteúdo Resultados: foram entrevistados 12 pacientes, a maioria do sexo masculino, idade média de 35,3 (±9,7) anos e média de 2,7 (±1,5) anos de hemodiálise. Após análise do conteúdo surgiram duas categorias temáticas: "Apoio da tecnologia mHealth no gerenciamento do tratamento" e "Sugestões para aperfeiçoamento do aplicativo", nas quais os pacientes descrevem como o aplicativo é prático, favorece o armazenamento de informações relacionadas ao tratamento, como peso, ingestão hídrica e horário da tomada de medicamentos. Além de gerar gráficos dos exames realizados mensalmente, proporcionando estratégias que podem favorecer o autogerenciamento da doença e consequentemente uma melhor adesão ao tratamento. Conclusão: o aplicativo Renal Health, demonstrou ser uma ferramenta útil, capaz de potencializar o conhecimento sobre a doença renal crônica e auxiliar os pacientes a gerenciarem melhor a dieta, o controle de líquidos e a tomada das medicações prescritas.

Factors associated with medication non-adherence among patients with heart failure / Fatores associados à não adesão ao tratamento farmacológico de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca / Factores asociados a la no adhesión al tratamiento farmacológico de pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca

Abstract Objective: to identify the factors contributing to medication non-adherence among patients with heart failure. Method: cross-sectional and analytical study using the Medida de Adesão ao Tratamento [Treatment Adherence Measure] scale to assess medication non-adherence. Independent variables were collected using the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale and an instrument developed by the authors based on a previous study. Statistical tests were implemented to analyze data with p≤0.05 statistical significance. Results: the sample comprised 340 patients, with 9.4% considered non-adherent. The multiple analysis results showed that one unit increase in an individual's self-care score led to an 8% increase in the prevalence of non-adherence; patients with a family income above three times the minimum wage presented a prevalence of non-adherence equal to 3.5% of the prevalence of those with up to one times the minimum wage; individuals consuming alcohol or with depression presented 3.49 and 3.69 times higher prevalence of non-adherence, respectively, than individuals not presenting such history. Conclusion: medication non-adherence was associated with self-care, family income, depression, and alcohol consumption.

Resumo Objetivo: identificar os fatores que contribuem para a não adesão ao tratamento farmacológico de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Método: estudo transversal e analítico que utilizou a escala de Medida de Adesão ao Tratamento para avaliar a não adesão ao tratamento farmacológico. Variáveis independentes foram coletadas utilizando-se a European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale e um instrumento elaborado pelos autores, baseado em estudo anterior. Foram utilizados testes estatísticos para análise dos dados, sendo considerados significativos os valores de p≤0,05. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 340 pacientes. Desses, 9,4% foram classificados como não aderentes. Os resultados da análise múltipla mostraram que o aumento de uma unidade no escore de autocuidado leva a um aumento de 8% na prevalência de não adesão do indivíduo; pacientes com renda familiar superior a três salários mínimos têm prevalência de não adesão ao tratamento igual a 3,5% da prevalência entre aqueles com até um salário mínimo; indivíduos que ingerem bebida alcoólica e sofrem de depressão têm prevalências de não adesão 3,49 e 3,69 vezes maiores, respectivamente, do que aqueles que não têm tais antecedentes. Conclusão: a não adesão ao tratamento farmacológico relacionou-se com comportamento de autocuidado, renda familiar, depressão e ingestão de bebida alcoólica.

Resumen Objetivo: identificar los factores que contribuyen para la no adhesión al tratamiento farmacológico de pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca. Método: estudio transversal y analítico que utilizó la escala de Medida de Adhesión al Tratamiento para evaluar la no adhesión al tratamiento farmacológico. Las variables independientes fueron recolectadas utilizando la European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale y un instrumento elaborado por los autores, basado en estudio anterior. Fueron utilizadas pruebas estadísticas para el análisis de los datos, siendo considerados significativos los valores de p≤0,05. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 340 pacientes; de esos, 9,4% fueron clasificados como no adherentes. Los resultados del análisis múltiple mostraron que el aumento de una unidad en el puntaje de autocuidado lleva a un aumento de 8% en la prevalencia de la no adhesión del individuo; pacientes con renta familiar superior a tres salarios mínimos tienen prevalencia de no adhesión al tratamiento igual a 3,5% de aquellos que reciben hasta un salario mínimo; individuos que ingieren bebida alcohólica y sufren de depresión, tienen prevalencias de no adhesión de 3,49 y 3,69 veces mayores, respectivamente, que aquellos que no tienen esos antecedentes. Conclusión: la no adhesión al tratamiento farmacológico se relacionó con comportamientos de autocuidado, renta familiar, depresión e ingestión de bebida alcohólica.

Efficacy of a Hospital Discharge Transition Plan in the care competence of patients with chronic conditions and their family caregivers: a clinical trial / Eficacia del Plan Transicional de Alta Hospitalaria en la competencia para el cuidado del paciente con condición crónica y su cuidador familiar: ensayo clínico / Eficácia do Plano Transicional de Alta Hospitalar na competência para o cuidado de pacientes com condições crônicas e seu cuidador familiar: ensaio clínico

Objective: to assess the efficacy of a Hospital Discharge Transition Plan in the care competence and in adherence to the therapy of dyads comprised by patients with non-communicable chronic diseases and their caregivers. Method: a controlled and randomized clinical trial; the sample was comprised by 80 dyads of patients with chronic conditions and their caregivers, randomly allocated as follows: 40 to the control group and another 40 to the intervention group. The instruments to characterize the patient-caregiver dyad, the patients' and caregivers' care competence and the patients' adherence to the treatment scale were applied. The " CUIDEMOS educational intervention" was applied to the intervention group; in turn, the control group was provided usual care with the aid of a booklet, with phone follow-up via at month 1. Results: 52.5% of the patients and 81.3% of the caregivers were women. The patients' and caregivers' mean ages were 69.5±12.6 and 47.5±13.1 years old, respectively. The Hospital Discharge Transition Plan increased the scores in the "knowledge", "uniqueness", "instrumental", "enjoying", "anticipation" and "social relations" dimensions, as well as the global care competence of the patients and family caregivers; in addition to the following factors: medications, diet, stimulants control, weight control, stress management, and global adherence to the therapy by the patient. There were no statistically significant differences between the control and intervention groups. Conclusion: the Hospital Discharge Transition Plan increased the patients' and family caregivers' care competence after the intervention, as well as the patients' adherence to the treatment. However, there were no differences between the control and intervention groups, possibly due to the similarity of the activities.

Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia del Plan Transicional de Alta Hospitalaria en la competencia para el cuidado y adherencia terapéutica de la díada paciente-cuidador con enfermedad crónica no transmisible. Método: ensayo clínico aleatorizado controlado; la muestra estuvo conformada por 80 diadas paciente-cuidador con condición crónica asignadas aleatoriamente, 40 diadas al grupo control y 40 al grupo intervención. Se aplicaron los instrumentos de caracterización de la díada paciente-cuidador, competencia para el cuidado del paciente y cuidador y la escala de adherencia al tratamiento del paciente. Se realizó la "Intervención Educativa Cuidemos" al grupo intervención y al grupo control se le brindaron los cuidados habituales con ayuda de un folleto; con seguimiento telefónico al mes. Resultados: el 52,5% de los pacientes son mujeres al igual que el 81,3% de los cuidadores. El promedio de edad en pacientes y cuidadores es de 69,5±12,6 y 47,5±13,1 años. El Plan Transicional de Alta Hospitalaria aumentó los puntajes de las dimensiones, conocimiento, unicidad, instrumental, disfrutar, anticipación y relación y la competencia global del cuidado del paciente y cuidador familiar. También, los factores medicamentos, dieta, control de estimulantes, control del peso, manejo del estrés y la adherencia terapéutica global del paciente. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo control e intervención. Conclusión: el Plan Transicional de Alta Hospitalaria aumenta la competencia para el cuidado del paciente y cuidador familiar post intervención, y también la adherencia del paciente. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias entre el grupo intervención y control, posiblemente debido a la semejanza de las actividades.

Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade do Plano Transicional de Alta Hospitalar na competência para o cuidado e adesão terapêutica da díade paciente-cuidador com doença crônica não transmissível. Método: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado; a amostra foi composta por 80 díades paciente-cuidador com condição crônica distribuídas aleatoriamente, sendo 40 díades para o grupo controle e 40 para o grupo intervenção. Foram aplicados os instrumentos de caracterização da díade paciente-cuidador, competência do cuidar de pacientes e cuidadores e escala de adesão ao tratamento do paciente. No grupo intervenção foi realizada a " Intervención Educativa Cuidemos " e no grupo controle foram prestados os cuidados habituais, com auxílio de folheto; com acompanhamento telefônico após um mês. Resultados: 52,5% dos pacientes são mulheres, assim como 81,3% dos cuidadores. A idade média dos pacientes e cuidadores é de 69,5±12,6 e 47,5±13,1 anos. O Plano Transicional de Alta Hospitalar aumentou os escores das dimensões conhecimento, singularidade, instrumentalidade, desfrutar, antecipação e relação e competência global do cuidado ao paciente e cuidador familiar. Também os fatores medicamentos, dieta, controle de estimulantes, controle de peso, gerenciamento de estresse e adesão terapêutica geral do paciente. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos controle e intervenção. Conclusão: o Plano Transicional de Alta Hospitalar aumenta a competência para o cuidado do paciente e do cuidador familiar pós-intervenção, e também a adesão do paciente. Porém, não houve diferenças entre os grupos intervenção e controle, possivelmente pela semelhança das atividades.