Use of machine learning to identify protective factors for death from COVID-19 in the ICU: a retrospective study.

Background: Patients in serious condition due to COVID-19 often require special care in intensive care units (ICUs). This disease has affected over 758 million people and resulted in 6.8 million deaths worldwide. Additionally, the progression of the disease may vary from individual to individual, that is, it is essential to identify the clinical parameters that indicate a good prognosis for the patient. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have been used for analyzing complex medical data and identifying prognostic indicators. However, there is still an urgent need for a model to elucidate the predictors related to patient outcomes. Therefore, this research aimed to verify, through ML, the variables involved in the discharge of patients admitted to the ICU due to COVID-19. Methods: In this study, 126 variables were collected with information on demography, hospital length stay and outcome, chronic diseases and tumors, comorbidities and risk factors, complications and adverse events, health care, and vital indicators of patients admitted to an ICU in southern Brazil. These variables were filtered and then selected by a ML algorithm known as decision trees to identify the optimal set of variables for predicting patient discharge using logistic regression. Finally, a confusion matrix was performed to evaluate the model's performance for the selected variables. Results: Of the 532 patients evaluated, 180 were discharged: female (16.92%), with a central venous catheter (23.68%), with a bladder catheter (26.13%), and with an average of 8.46- and 23.65-days using bladder catheter and submitted to mechanical ventilation, respectively. In addition, the chances of discharge increase by 14% for each additional day in the hospital, by 136% for female patients, 716% when there is no bladder catheter, and 737% when no central venous catheter is used. However, the chances of discharge decrease by 3% for each additional year of age and by 9% for each other day of mechanical ventilation. The performance of the training data presented a balanced accuracy of 0.81, sensitivity of 0.74, specificity of 0.88, and the kappa value was 0.64. The test performance had a balanced accuracy of 0.85, sensitivity 0.75, specificity 0.95, and kappa value of 0.73. The McNemar test found that there were no significant differences in the error rates in the training and test data, suggesting good classification. This work showed that female, the absence of a central venous catheter and bladder catheter, shorter mechanical ventilation, and bladder catheter duration were associated with a greater chance of hospital discharge. These results may help develop measures that lead to a good prognosis for the patient.

Considerations for MR-linac bunker shielding design.

Purpose.To show the considerations followed for MR-linac in shielding design for the first MR-linac in Mexico following the national clinical necessities.Method.The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) 151 recommendations were followed for the shielding design for primary and secondary barriers and the door design. The calculations were made considering the clinical demands in the country, that is, intensity modulated (IMRT) and 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DC-RT) in 80%-20% proportion.Results.The values obtained in the level survey fully comply with the limits established by the national regulatory authority and with those recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for public and occupational exposures.Conclusion.It is remarkable that the workload may increase or that the doses per patient may increase considering occupancy factors, which would allow the introduction of hypofractionated techniques with the same number of patients considered in this work without the need to make modifications in the bunker design.

A Video Game for Entrepreneurship Learning in Ecuador: Development Study.

BACKGROUND: Games have been a part of human life since ancient times and are taught to children and adults who want to simultaneously have fun and learn. Nevertheless, in the third decade of this century, technology invites us to consider using video games to learn topics such as entrepreneurship. However, developing a serious game (SG) is difficult because everyone who forms part of the game development team requires adequate learning resources to acquire the necessary information and improve their game development skills. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to detail the experience gained in developing ATIC (Aprende, Trabaja, Innova, Conquista [learn, work, innovate, conquer]), an SG proposed for teaching and learning entrepreneurship. METHODS: To develop a videogame, first, we established a game development team formed by professors, professionals, and students who have different roles in this project. Scrum was adopted as a project management method. To create concept art for the video game, designers collected ideas from various games, known as "getting references." In contrast, narratology considers the life of a recent university graduate immersed in real life, considering locations, characteristics, and representative characters from an essential city of Ecuador. RESULTS: In a Unity 3D video game in ATIC, the life of a university student who graduates and ventures into a world full of opportunities, barriers, and risks, where the player needs to make decisions, is simulated. The art of this video game, including sounds and music, is based on the landscape and characteristics of and characters from Cuenca, Ecuador. The game aims to teach entrepreneurs the mechanisms and processes to form their businesses. Thus, we developed the following elements of an SG: (1) world, (2) objects, (3) agents, and (4) events. CONCLUSIONS: The narrative, mechanics, and art of video games are relevant. However, project management tools such as leaderboards and appointments are crucial to influencing individuals' decision to continue to play, or not play, an SG. Developing a serious video game is not an easy task. It was essential to consider many factors, such as the video game audience, needs of learning, context, similarities with the real world, narrative, game mechanics, game art, and game sounds. However, overall, the primary purpose of a serious video game is to transmit knowledge in a fun way and to give adequate and timely feedback to the gamer. Finally, nothing is possible if the members of game development team are not satisfied with the project and not clear about their roles.

Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in Campos do Jordão State Park, São Paulo, Brazil / Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brasil

The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar a ocorrência de Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) em um sistema lótico do Estado de São Paulo. Os espécimes foram coletados no rio Sapucaí, localizado no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. O mapeamento da distribuição geográfica desta espécie é de interesse para saúde pública uma vez que L. variegatus pode ser um hospedeiro intermediário de Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), parasito de reconhecido potencial zoonótico. Dados de distribuição servem de base para monitoramento e avaliação ambiental, sendo essenciais para mapear possíveis casos da doença (Dioctofimose) e fornecer informações para profissionais de saúde.(AU)

Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in Campos do Jordão State Park, São Paulo, Brazil / Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brasil

The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar a ocorrência de Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) em um sistema lótico do Estado de São Paulo. Os espécimes foram coletados no rio Sapucaí, localizado no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. O mapeamento da distribuição geográfica desta espécie é de interesse para saúde pública uma vez que L. variegatus pode ser um hospedeiro intermediário de Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), parasito de reconhecido potencial zoonótico. Dados de distribuição servem de base para monitoramento e avaliação ambiental, sendo essenciais para mapear possíveis casos da doença (Dioctofimose) e fornecer informações para profissionais de saúde.

Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in Campos do Jordão State Park, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar a ocorrência de Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) em um sistema lótico do Estado de São Paulo. Os espécimes foram coletados no rio Sapucaí, localizado no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. O mapeamento da distribuição geográfica desta espécie é de interesse para saúde pública uma vez que L. variegatus pode ser um hospedeiro intermediário de Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), parasito de reconhecido potencial zoonótico. Dados de distribuição servem de base para monitoramento e avaliação ambiental, sendo essenciais para mapear possíveis casos da doença (Dioctofimose) e fornecer informações para profissionais de saúde.

Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in Campos do Jordão State Park, São Paulo, Brazil / Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brasil

Abstract The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar a ocorrência de Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) em um sistema lótico do Estado de São Paulo. Os espécimes foram coletados no rio Sapucaí, localizado no Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão. O mapeamento da distribuição geográfica desta espécie é de interesse para saúde pública uma vez que L. variegatus pode ser um hospedeiro intermediário de Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), parasito de reconhecido potencial zoonótico. Dados de distribuição servem de base para monitoramento e avaliação ambiental, sendo essenciais para mapear possíveis casos da doença (Dioctofimose) e fornecer informações para profissionais de saúde.

Software-Based Simulation on a 3D Environment for Vaccination Teaching and Learning: Design Science Research.

BACKGROUND: Student training requires specific laboratories for vaccination practice, which are usually limited, and even professionals' continuing education regularly lacks proper care. Thus, new methodologies, concepts, and technologies, such as software-based simulations, are in highly demand. OBJECTIVE: This work aims to develop a 3D virtual environment to support teaching activities in the vaccination room. The software-based simulation must contribute positively to teaching considering a variable set of scenarios. METHODS: We applied the design science research method to guide the work. First, the concepts and opportunities were raised, which we used to build the simulation (ie, the proposed technological artifact). The development was assisted by a specialist, in which we sought to create a vaccination room according to Brazilian standards. The artifact evaluation was achieved in 2 stages: (1) an evaluation to validate the design with experts through the Delphi method; and (2) a field evaluation with nursing students to validate aspects of usability (System Usability Scale [SUS]) and technology acceptance and use (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology version 2). RESULTS: We built the simulation software using the Unity game engine. An additional module was also developed to create simulation scenarios and view the students' performance reports. The design evaluation showed that the proposed solution is adequate. Students' evaluations confirm good usability (SUS score of 81.4), besides highlighting Performance Expectation as the most positively influential factor of Behavioral Intention. Effort Expectancy is positively affected by younger users. Both evaluation audiences cited the high relevance of the proposed artifact for teaching. Points for improvement are also reported. CONCLUSIONS: The research accomplished its goal of creating a software-based simulation to support teaching scenarios in the vaccination room. The evaluations still reveal desirable improvements and user behavior toward this kind of technological artifact.

Un modelo de aplicación desde la pedagogía de la unidad para la biblioteca escolar / An application model from the pedagogy of the unit for the school library

RESUMEN La función docente del bibliotecólogo está íntimamente relacionada con su relación con los miembros de la comunidad educativa, la cual, no siempre es lograda, la presente investigación ha tenido como objetivo el desarrollar un modelo de aplicación de la reciprocidad según el pensamiento de Chiara Lubich desde la biblioteca escolar para lograr la articulación relacional de las diferentes personas implicadas en la misma. Basándose en la metodología de la teoría fundamentada, desde el enfoque cualitativo, se realizó un análisis hermenéutico, de temas y conceptos encontrados en publicaciones de Chiara Lubich (1920-2008) o relativas a aplicaciones de su propuesta, en particular en el ámbito educativo, utilizando la entrevista para profundizar en la comprensión de los conceptos y pudiendo así identificar relaciones entre los mismos, para llegar a la elaboración del modelo. Se concluye que el mismo permite relacionar las diferentes personas implicadas en el proceso educativo desde la biblioteca escolar, en vista del cumplimiento de contenidos curriculares desde una visión integral de la persona, en todas sus dimensiones (sea docente o estudiante), considerando las particularidades de cada uno de los participantes en lo referido a la generación conjunta de conocimiento y a actividades educativas, el mismo se enmarca en la comprensión de la persona como ser en relación, el establecimiento de una cultura del dar desde la fraternidad universal y una visión unitaria de la existencia, a partir de la técnica de la unidad: ponerse en el lugar de la otra persona, hacerlo con todos, hacerlo siempre.

ABSTRACT The teaching function of the librarian is closely related to his relationship with the members of the educational community which is not always achieved, the present research has aimed to develop a model of application of reciprocity according to the thought of Chiara Lubich from the beginning. school library to achieve the relational articulation of the different people involved in it. Based on the methodology of grounded theory, from the qualitative approach, a hermeneutical analysis was carried out, of themes and concepts found in publications by Chiara Lubich (1920-2008) or related to applications of her proposal, in particular in the educational field. using the interview to deepen the understanding of the concepts and thus being able to identify relationships between them, to arrive at the elaboration of the model. It is concluded that it allows to relate the different people involved in the educational process from the school library, in view of the fulfillment of curricular contents from an integral vision of the person, in all its dimensions (be it teacher or student), considering the particularities of each of the participants with regard to the joint generation of knowledge and educational activities, it is framed in the understanding of the person as being in relation, the establishment of a culture of giving from universal brotherhood and a unitary vision of existence, based on the communion method: Putting oneself in the other person's place, doing it with everyone, doing it always.

Optimization of growing conditions for pigments production from microalga Navicula incerta using response surface methodology and its antioxidant capacity.

Navicula incerta is a marine microalga distributed in Baja California, México, commonly used in aquaculture nutrition, and has been extended to human food, biomedical, and pharmaceutical industries due to its high biological activity. Therefore, the study aimed to optimize culture conditions to produce antioxidant pigments. A central composite experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the best culture conditions. The medium (nitrogen-deficient concentrations), salinity (PSU = Practical Salinity Unity [g/kg]), age of culture (days), and solvent extraction (ethanol, methanol, and acetone) were the factors used for the experiment. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) and total carotenoids (T-Car), determined spectroscopically, were used as the response variables. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH• and ABTS•+ radical inhibition, FRAP, and anti-hemolytic activity. According to the overlay plots, the optimum growth conditions for Chl a and T-Car production were the following conditions: medium = 0.44 mol·L-1 of NaNO3, salinity = 40 PSU, age of culture: 3.5 days, and solvent = methanol. The pigment extracts obtained in these optimized conditions had high antioxidant activity in ABTS•+ (86.2-92.1% of inhibition) and anti-hemolytic activity (81.8-96.7% of hemolysis inhibition). Low inhibition (33-35%) was observed in DPPH•. The highest value of FRAP (766.03 ± 16.62 µmol TE/g) was observed in the acetonic extract. The results demonstrated that RSM could obtain an extract with high antioxidant capacity with potential applications in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industry, which encourages the use of natural resources for chemoprevention of chronic-degenerative pathologies.

Morphological characterization and diversity of tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) at Emas National Park and its surrounding, Goiás State, Brazil / Caracterização morfológica e diversidade de girinos (Amphibia: Anura) no Parque Nacional das Emas e seus arredores, estado de Goiás, Brasil

Abstract: Tadpoles are abundant in the environments in which they occur and remain in aquatic habitats for longer periods than adults, being relatively easier to collect. Despite the increase in tadpole research in the past decade, our understanding of its morphological diversity remains limited. Here, we provide morphological characterizations for larvae of 15 anuran species that occur at Emas National Park (ENP) and its surroundings, in Goiás, and compare them with descriptions available in the literature for other locations. We also present an update of the list of anuran species known to the ENP, based on tadpole sampling. We found tadpoles from 15 anuran species, of which five represent new records for the park. Many species showed variations in morphological characters when compared with descriptions available in the literature for other locations, reinforcing the importance of describing larvae from different populations. Through the exploration of morphological characters, it is possible to make inferences about the functional diversity of the larvae and questions related to the homology of characters, in addition to assisting in the identification and taxonomic distinction of species. Studies with tadpole communities can generate key information about the factors that drive the anurans' richness and distribution and can provide support for establishing more consistent conservation strategies and management plans.

Resumo: Os girinos são abundantes nos ambientes que ocorrem e permanecem nos habitats aquáticos por períodos de tempo mais longos que os adultos, sendo relativamente mais fáceis de coletar. Apesar do aumento da pesquisa com girinos na última década, nossa compreensão sobre sua diversidade morfológica ainda permanece limitada. Aqui, fornecemos caracterizações morfológicas para larvas de 15 espécies de anuros que ocorrem no Parque Nacional das Emas (PNE), Goiás, e comparamos com descrições disponíveis na literatura para outras localidades. Apresentamos também uma atualização da lista de espécies de anuros conhecidos para o PNE, com base na amostragem de girinos. Encontramos larvas de 15 espécies de anuros, das quais cinco representam novos registros para o parque. Muitas espécies apresentaram variações nos caracteres morfológicos quando comparamos com descrições disponíveis na literatura para outras localidades, reforçando a importância da descrição de larvas de diferentes populações. Através da exploração de caracteres morfológicos é possível realizar inferências sobre a diversidade funcional das larvas e questões relativas à homologia de caracteres, além de auxiliar na identificação e distinção taxonômica das espécies. Estudos com comunidades de girinos podem gerar informações importantes sobre os fatores que impulsionam a riqueza e a distribuição dos anuros e, podem fornecer suporte para o estabelecimento de estratégias de conservação e planos de manejo mais consistentes.

Unidade e coesão nacionais: limites da cidadania para as pessoas trans* em cuba / Unidad y cohesión nacionales: los límites de la ciudadanía para personas trans* en cuba / National unity and cohesion: limitations of citizenship for trans* persons in cuba

RESUMO A retórica da unidade nacional como base para a construção de uma nova sociedade é uma das inspirações na implementação de políticas no contexto cubano atual. A exemplo disso, a Estratégia Nacional de Atenção a pessoas transexuais, em Cuba, almeja a integração social das pessoas trans*, recorrendo a narrativas de unidade e coesão nacionais. Este trabalho reflete criticamente sobre os limites das políticas públicas e o modo como determinadas retóricas colocam em causa a sua universalidade. Para tal baseamo-nos em contribuições dos estudos culturais, estudos feministas e debates acerca da democracia radical e plural. Nas conclusões apontamos alternativas ao discurso da integração das pessoas trans*, em Cuba, pela via da unidade e coesão nacionais. Dentre as alternativas consideramos que um distanciamento face a concepções que pensem as diferenças apenas em termos de relações de subordinação e antagonismo, assim como uma aposta no caráter provisório das políticas, a sua possibilidade de criar alianças, de ser mobilizadas pelas paixões, poderiam contribuir significativamente para incrementar a cidadania de pessoas trans* no contexto cubano.

RESUMEN. La retórica de la unidad nacional como base para la construcción de una nueva sociedad es una de las inspiraciones para la implementación de políticas en el contexto cubano actual. Como ejemplo de eso, la Estrategia Nacional de Atención a personas transexuales en Cuba aspira a la integración social de las personas trans*, recurriendo a narrativas de unidad y cohesión nacionales. Este estudio reflexiona críticamente sobre los límites de las políticas públicas y el modo en que determinadas retóricas cuestionan su universalidad. Para ello nos basamos en contribuciones de los estudios culturales, estudios feministas y debates acerca de la democracia radical y plural. En las conclusiones apuntamos alternativas al discurso de la integración de las personas trans* en Cuba por la vía de la unidad y cohesión nacionales. Entre las alternativas consideramos que un distanciamiento frente a concepciones que piensan las diferencias solo en términos de relaciones de subordinación y antagonismo, así como una apuesta en el carácter provisional de las políticas, su posibilidad de crear alianzas, de ser movilizadas por las pasiones, podrían contribuir significativamente para incrementar la ciudadanía de personas trans * en el contexto cubano.

ABSTRACT. The rhetoric of national unity as the basis for building a new society is one of the inspirations in the implementation of policies in the current Cuban context. As an example, the National Strategy for the Care of Transgender People in Cuba aims at the social integration of trans* people, using narratives of national and unity cohesion. This work reflects critically on the limits of public policies and on how certain rhetoric calls into question their universality. To this end, we take into consideration some contributions from cultural and feminist studies and debates about radical and plural democracy. In the conclusions, we point out alternatives to the discourse on the integration of trans* people in Cuba through national unity and cohesion. Among the alternatives we take a distance from conceptions that think of differences only in terms of subordination and antagonism relations as well as based on the provisional nature of policies, their possibility of creating alliances, to be mobilized by the passions, seem more feasible to contribute significantly to improve the citizenship of trans * people in the Cuban context.

Prácticas educativas familiares (PEF) de familias en condición de extrema pobreza en Cartagena de Indias / Family Educational Practices (PEF) of families in extreme poverty conditions in Cartagena de Indias

Resumen Las prácticas educativas familiares, en el estudio realizado en la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias con familias en condición de pobreza extrema, nos permitió identificar los estilos educativos empleados gracias a los encuentros significativos estructurados desde un enfoque hermenéutico-participativo, donde fue posible analizar las narrativas de los participantes, habitantes del barrio Ciudad del Bicentenario. Este ejercicio investigativo nos reveló las costumbres, actitudes y formas que tienen los padres para orientar la crianza de sus hijos. Así mismo nos permitió registrar algunas de las necesidades del grupo participante.

Abstract The Family Educational Practices, in the study conducted in the city of Cartagena de Indias with families in extreme poverty condition, allowed us to identify the educational styles used thanks to the meaningful encounters, which were structured from a hermeneutic and participatory approach, where it was possible to analyze participants' narratives, who were residents of the Ciudad del Bicentenario neighborhood. This investigative exercise revealed the customs, attitudes and ways that parents have for their children's upbringing. Likewise, it allowed us to record some of the participant group's needs.

Com os pés no chão: sobre como se pode sonhar a conquista de um corpo próprio num processo de análise / Keeping both feet on the ground: about how one may dream of conquering one's own body in a process of analysis / Con los pies en la tierra: sobre cómo se puede soñar la conquista de un cuerpo propio en un proceso de análisis / En ayant les pieds sur terre: à propos de comment on peut rêver sur la conquête un corps propre, dans un processus d'analyse

Neste artigo, descreve-se o caso clínico de um paciente borderline, cujo self era inicialmente formado por uma hipertrofia da área intelectual e que, ao longo da análise, veio a conquistar um corpo próprio e, com isso, uma unidade psicos-somática. Essa descrição tem a finalidade de mostrar que, na perspectiva winnicot-tiana, existem outras possibilidades de interpretar os sonhos em casos de patologia borderline, possibilidades que escapam à teoria dos sonhos proposta por Freud. Não se pretende fazer uma revisão da teoria freudiana, o que exigiria um estudo à parte. Conclui-se que, na perspectiva winnicottiana, o sonho geralmente traduz características do estágio de amadurecimento em que o paciente se encontra.

The author describes a clinical case of a borderline patient, whose self was first formed by a hypertrophy of intellectual area. Throughout the process of analysis, this self has achieved an own body and therefore a psychosomatic unity. The purpose of this description is to show, from a Winnicottian perspective, the existence of other ways of interpreting dreams in cases of borderline disorder. These possible ways were not considered by Freud in his theory of dreams. This paper is not an attempt of reviewing Freud's theory; it would require at least a separate study because of its complexity. From a Winnicottian perspective, in cases of borderline pathology, the dream usuallly does not express an unconscious sexual desire, but rather translates aspects of the maturational stage of the patient, the author concludes.

Este artículo describe el caso clínico de un paciente cuyo self estaba formado por una hipertrofia del área intelectual y que, durante el análisis, conquistó un cuerpo proprio y, con esto, una unidad psicosomática. La descripción tiene el objetivo de mostrar que, en la perspectiva de Winnicott, existen otras posibilidades de interpretar los sueños en casos de patología borderline, posibilidades que escapan en la teoría de los sueños propuesta por Freud. No se pretende aquí una revisión de la teoría de Freud, pues esto es una tarea compleja, que exigiría otro estudio. Se concluye que, en la perspectiva winnicottiana, el sueño generalmente traduce características de la etapa de madurez en la que se encuentra el paciente.

Dans cet article, on décrit le cas clinique d'un patient borderline, dont le self était d'abord formé par une hypertrophie du champ intellectuel, et qui, tout au long de l'analyse, parvient à la conquête d'un corps qui lui est propre et, par conséquent, d'une unité psychosomatique. Cette description a pour but montrer que, dans la perspective Winicottienne, il y a d'autres possibilités d'interpréter les rêves, dans des cas de pathologie borderline, des possibilités qui ne sont pas comprises dans la théorie des rêves proposé par Freud. On n'a pas l'intention de faire une révision de la théorie Freudienne, ce qui exigerait une étude particulière. On conclut que, dans la perspective Winicottienne, le rêve généralement traduit des caractéristiques du stage de maturité où se trouve le patient.

Farol que se ilumina / Self illuminating beacon

A crença em uma unidade em nós que preside nosso corpo é o eixo central. O "todo" é maior que a soma de suas partes. Corpo esquartejado versus corpo que se reparte, por meio de sua integridade possível. Como um sol que se reparte em crinas... Verdades absolutas versus primado da percepção, que leva em conta o tempo todo o olhar do Outro sobre si e sobre o mundo.

A belief in the unity which presides over our body is the main axis. The "whole" is greater than the sum of its parts. Butchered body versus body that divides itself by means of its possible integrity. Like the sun which parts itself into rays... Absolute truths versus the primacy of perception, which permanently takes into consideration the gaze of the Other over one's self and the world.

Subsistence hunting of Cuniculus paca in the middle of the Solimões River, Amazonas, Brazil / Caça de subsistência de Cuniculus paca no Médio Solimões, Amazonas, Brasil

Ungulates, large primates and caviomorfs are cited by Amazonian hunters as preferred species. In this research, paca (Cuniculus paca) hunting was investigated in relation to water levels and the lunar cycle. In eight years of monitoring in the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, the killing of 625 pacas was registered in five monitored communities. Paca hunting took place mainly at night and the most commonly used method is “spotlighting”. A positive correlation between the number of pacas killed and water level (rs=0.890; p<0.0001) was found. At least 37% of the pacas were hunted when moon illumination level was less than 10%, before moonrise or after moonset. In the Boa Esperança community, capture of paca tended to decrease on nights with high moon illumination (rs= −0.663; p=0.067). At the same time, an expressive catch-per-unity-effort decrease was also observed in this community (r2= −0.881; p<0.001), allowing us to predict unsustainable hunting levels for the next decade. The stock of animals in these areas could be continuously replaced if surrounding areas consisted of continuous forests. However, continuous hunting and deforestation force local hunters to travel longer distances to kill prey such as pacas. The confirmation of the relation between paca habits and lunar illumination and water level, a pattern described by local hunters, demonstrates the potential value of participatory research and the possibility of integrating traditional knowledge into scientific knowledge.(AU)

Ungulados, primatas de grande porte e caviomorfos são citados por caçadores amazônicos como espécies preferenciais. Neste trabalho, a caça de paca (Cuniculus paca) foi investigada em relação ao nível d'água e ao ciclo lunar. O abate de 625 pacas foi registrado em oito anos de monitoramento em cinco comunidades da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã. A caça de paca ocorre principalmente à noite e o método mais utilizado é a “focagem”. Encontrou-se uma correlação positiva entre o número de pacas abatidas e o nível d'água (rs=0.890; p<0.0001). Pelo menos 37% dos indivíduos foram abatidos quando o nível de iluminação lunar era menor do que 10%, antes do nascer da lua ou após seu ocaso. Na comunidade da Boa Esperança, a captura de paca tendeu ao decrescimento em noites com altos níveis de iluminação lunar (rs=−0.663; p=0.067). Ao mesmo tempo, uma expressiva redução da captura por unidade de esforço foi observada nessa comunidade (r2=−0.881; p<0.001), permitindo-nos prever níveis de caça insustentáveis para a próxima década. Frente a extensas áreas contínuas de floresta, o estoque de animais nas áreas de caça poderia ser continuamente substituído, mas os efeitos combinados de caça constante e desmatamento forçam caçadores locais a se locomoverem por longas distâncias para abater presas como as pacas. A confirmação dos padrões descritos por moradores locais sobre a relação entre pacas e os níveis de iluminação lunar e de água demonstra o potencial de pesquisa participativa e a possibilidade de integração entre os conhecimentos tradicionais e científicos.(AU)

Subsistence hunting of Cuniculus paca in the middle of the Solimões River, Amazonas, Brazil / Caça de subsistência de Cuniculus paca no Médio Solimões, Amazonas, Brasil

Ungulates, large primates and caviomorfs are cited by Amazonian hunters as preferred species. In this research, paca (Cuniculus paca) hunting was investigated in relation to water levels and the lunar cycle. In eight years of monitoring in the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, the killing of 625 pacas was registered in five monitored communities. Paca hunting took place mainly at night and the most commonly used method is “spotlighting”. A positive correlation between the number of pacas killed and water level (rs=0.890; p<0.0001) was found. At least 37% of the pacas were hunted when moon illumination level was less than 10%, before moonrise or after moonset. In the Boa Esperança community, capture of paca tended to decrease on nights with high moon illumination (rs= −0.663; p=0.067). At the same time, an expressive catch-per-unity-effort decrease was also observed in this community (r2= −0.881; p<0.001), allowing us to predict unsustainable hunting levels for the next decade. The stock of animals in these areas could be continuously replaced if surrounding areas consisted of continuous forests. However, continuous hunting and deforestation force local hunters to travel longer distances to kill prey such as pacas. The confirmation of the relation between paca habits and lunar illumination and water level, a pattern described by local hunters, demonstrates the potential value of participatory research and the possibility of integrating traditional knowledge into scientific knowledge.

Ungulados, primatas de grande porte e caviomorfos são citados por caçadores amazônicos como espécies preferenciais. Neste trabalho, a caça de paca (Cuniculus paca) foi investigada em relação ao nível d'água e ao ciclo lunar. O abate de 625 pacas foi registrado em oito anos de monitoramento em cinco comunidades da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã. A caça de paca ocorre principalmente à noite e o método mais utilizado é a “focagem”. Encontrou-se uma correlação positiva entre o número de pacas abatidas e o nível d'água (rs=0.890; p<0.0001). Pelo menos 37% dos indivíduos foram abatidos quando o nível de iluminação lunar era menor do que 10%, antes do nascer da lua ou após seu ocaso. Na comunidade da Boa Esperança, a captura de paca tendeu ao decrescimento em noites com altos níveis de iluminação lunar (rs=−0.663; p=0.067). Ao mesmo tempo, uma expressiva redução da captura por unidade de esforço foi observada nessa comunidade (r2=−0.881; p<0.001), permitindo-nos prever níveis de caça insustentáveis para a próxima década. Frente a extensas áreas contínuas de floresta, o estoque de animais nas áreas de caça poderia ser continuamente substituído, mas os efeitos combinados de caça constante e desmatamento forçam caçadores locais a se locomoverem por longas distâncias para abater presas como as pacas. A confirmação dos padrões descritos por moradores locais sobre a relação entre pacas e os níveis de iluminação lunar e de água demonstra o potencial de pesquisa participativa e a possibilidade de integração entre os conhecimentos tradicionais e científicos.

Quality of fertilized eggs exposed to simulated mechanical vibrations condition / Qualidade de ovos fertilizados expostos a condições simuladas de vibrações mecânicas

The fertile egg transport is a crucial issue in the Brazilian broiler aviculture chain. Therefore, many agents intrinsically connected to this process such as the mechanical vibrations, can jeopardize the integrity of this fragile load. Given to this threatening problem the aim of this research was to assess the quality of fertile eggs exposed to different simulated conditions of mechanical vibrations. A mechanical agitator was developed to reproduce the treatments of this study, which were formed by 2 vibration levels. An inferior (instantaneous acceleration, up to 5 m s-2) and a superior (instantaneous acceleration above 10 m/s2), in which they were applied in 2 exposition times, a minimum (60 minutes) and a maximum (180 minutes), making the treatments T1, T2, T3, T4. The assay was conducted in a random modeling in 4 complete blocks that represented the factorial repetitions 2 x 2 +1, with an additional treatment (control). In the total, 2016 eggs from the same batch of matrixes (Cobb-500) in the peak egg reproduction (32-35 weeks) were used. From these eggs, 1920 were exposed to the 4 factorial treatment vibrations (480 eggs per treatment), meanwhile, the remaining 96 were used as control treatment. Among the vibrated eggs, 96 per treatment were sampled in order to be analyzed. In addition, some factors were verified: the diameter and the egg yolk height (EYD and EYH), the d

O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.