Toxic effects of Arianor Ebony hair dye on human cells

To evaluate the risks of hair dye exposure, we investigated cellular and molecular effects of Arianor Ebony dye, which is a mixture of azo and anthraquinone dyes, used in the composition of the black color. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and gene expression of relevant molecules of apoptotic and oxidative stress mechanisms were investigated in HepG2 cells exposed to Arianor Ebony. Results showed that the dye did not induce cytotoxicity to exposed cells at a concentration up to 50 µg/mL compared to the negative control. However, genotoxic assays indicated that the dye was able to damage the genetic material at a concentration of 25 µg/mL, with induction factor values of exposed cells two- to five-fold higher than those recorded for the negative control. Moreover, the lowest observed effect concentration was 12.5 µg/mL. For gene expression, relevant changes were observed in cytochrome c and caspase 9, which decreased in cells incubated with the dye in a dose-dependent manner when compared with the negative control. In parallel, the expression of genes for antioxidant enzymes was increased in exposed cells, suggesting the presence of metabolic routes that protect cells against the toxic effect of the dye, avoiding exacerbated cellular death. Results suggested that the dye disrupted cellular homeostasis through mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be hazardous to human health. Thus, further investigations are necessary to deeply understand the mechanisms of action of the dye, considering its toxic potential found in our ex vivo assays.

Locally adapted goats efficiently gain and lose heat in an equatorial semi-arid environment.

The aim of this study was to gain insights in respect to how locally adapted goats exhibit dynamic body heat in an equatorial semi-arid environment. Ten Canindé goats were used in the study (22.90 ± 2.70 kg). Respiratory rate (RR; min breaths-1), rectal temperature (RT; °C) and sweating rate (SR; g m-2 h-1) were measured for 8 days, once a week, for 8 consecutive weeks in each animal, with collection intervals of 1 h throughout the day (24 h), together with the meteorological variables. Air temperature (AT, °C) and relative humidity (RH, %) were measured, and then, the temperature humidity index (THI) was calculated. First, we determined 2 days with stressful climatic conditions and similar environmental characteristics (day 1 and 2) among the 8 experimental days. The RT was evaluated on these 2 days using the means of each hour as the cut-off point, and determining whether the animals are efficient (EF) or inefficient (INEF) in heat loss (ß1) and gain (ß2). The RT was separated in ß1 and ß2 for 24 h, setting times to obtain the angular coefficients (ß) for both. The days with stressful climatic conditions and similar environmental characteristics were day 1 and 2. The hours in which the Canindé goats gained and lost heat were respectively 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. and from 4 p.m. to 10 a.m. The animals classified as EF lost more or equal the amount of heat represented for RT. When the mean of all animals was evaluated for efficiency in heat control, the flock was classified as EF. Differences (P < 0.05) were observed for RR and SR between periods. The efficiency in dynamic body heat of the locally adapted goats in this study was determined and showed that the flock as a whole possesses an excellent heat dynamic in an equatorial semi-arid environment.

Displasia folicular do pelo preto em canino / Black hair follicular dysplasia in canine

A displasia folicular do pelo preto (DFPP) é um distúrbio genético e raro onde os cães compelagens bi ou tricolor perdem seus pelos apenas nas áreas de pelos pretos, em idade precoce, sem predileçãoracial e sexual. É um distúrbio familiar sem tratamento atualmente, onde são caracterizadas por aglomerados demelanina nos pelos, acúmulo de melanossomas nos melanócitos (macromelanossomas) e insuficientetransferência de melanina para os queratinócitos adjacentes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um casoatendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), em uma cadela daraça Basset Hound, apresentando queda de pelo nas regiões de pelos pretos, descamação, vesículas, pápulas eprurido leve. Através do histórico, achados clínicos, associados ao tricograma e histopatologia, foi estabelecido odiagnóstico de DFPP. Não existe tratamento específico para esta dermatopatia, entretanto, a melhora do quadroclínico pode ser observada com o tratamento paliativo

The black hair follicular dysplasia in canine (BHFD) is a genetic and rare disorder where dogswith coats bi or tri lose their hair only in the areas of the black-hair at an early age, without racial and sexualpredilection. It is a family disorder with no current treatment, which are characterized by clusters of melanin inthe hair, melanosomes accumulation in the melanocyte (macromelanosomas) and insufficient melanin transfer tothe adjacent keratinocytes. This study aims to report a case treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the FederalUniversity of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), a bitch of the race Basset Hound, showing a drop of at the regionsof the black-hair, peeling, blistering, papules and mild itching. Through history, clinical findings, associated withtrichografy and histopathology, was established the diagnosis of BHFD. There is no specific treatment for thisskin disease, however, the clinical picture of the improvement can be observed with the palliative treatment

Displasia folicular do pelo preto em canino / Black hair follicular dysplasia in canine

A displasia folicular do pelo preto (DFPP) é um distúrbio genético e raro onde os cães compelagens bi ou tricolor perdem seus pelos apenas nas áreas de pelos pretos, em idade precoce, sem predileçãoracial e sexual. É um distúrbio familiar sem tratamento atualmente, onde são caracterizadas por aglomerados demelanina nos pelos, acúmulo de melanossomas nos melanócitos (macromelanossomas) e insuficientetransferência de melanina para os queratinócitos adjacentes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um casoatendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), em uma cadela daraça Basset Hound, apresentando queda de pelo nas regiões de pelos pretos, descamação, vesículas, pápulas eprurido leve. Através do histórico, achados clínicos, associados ao tricograma e histopatologia, foi estabelecido odiagnóstico de DFPP. Não existe tratamento específico para esta dermatopatia, entretanto, a melhora do quadroclínico pode ser observada com o tratamento paliativo(AU)

The black hair follicular dysplasia in canine (BHFD) is a genetic and rare disorder where dogswith coats bi or tri lose their hair only in the areas of the black-hair at an early age, without racial and sexualpredilection. It is a family disorder with no current treatment, which are characterized by clusters of melanin inthe hair, melanosomes accumulation in the melanocyte (macromelanosomas) and insufficient melanin transfer tothe adjacent keratinocytes. This study aims to report a case treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the FederalUniversity of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), a bitch of the race Basset Hound, showing a drop of at the regionsof the black-hair, peeling, blistering, papules and mild itching. Through history, clinical findings, associated withtrichografy and histopathology, was established the diagnosis of BHFD. There is no specific treatment for thisskin disease, however, the clinical picture of the improvement can be observed with the palliative treatment(AU)

Displasia folicular dos pelos pretos: Relato de caso / Black hair follicular dysplasia: Case report

A Displasia Folicular dos Pelos Pretos é uma doença de rara ocorrência, de etiologia pouco elucidada, que acomete cães jovens. Não há predisposição racial ou sexual e a sintomatologia clínica consiste na presença de alopecia progressiva nas áreas de pelagem preta. O diagnóstico é realizado atravésdo tricograma e da biopsia cutânea seguida do exame histopatológico. O tratamento se restringe ao controle das alterações secundárias tais como a piodermite. O presente relato teve como objetivos a descrição das lesões dermatológicas, diagnóstico e tratamento em um cão SRD.

Black hair follicular dysplasia is a rare disease that affects young dogs, which etiology remains unclear. There is no breed or sexual predisposition. The clinical signs consists in a progressive baldness in black colored hair areas. The diagnosis is made by atrichogram and a skin biopsy followed by histopathological examination. The treatment involves the control of secondary disease such as pyoderma.The aim of this report was to describe the skin lesions, diagnosis and treatment in a mongrel dog.

Displasia folicular dos pelos pretos: Relato de caso / Black hair follicular dysplasia: Case report

A Displasia Folicular dos Pelos Pretos é uma doença de rara ocorrência, de etiologia pouco elucidada, que acomete cães jovens. Não há predisposição racial ou sexual e a sintomatologia clínica consiste na presença de alopecia progressiva nas áreas de pelagem preta. O diagnóstico é realizado atravésdo tricograma e da biopsia cutânea seguida do exame histopatológico. O tratamento se restringe ao controle das alterações secundárias tais como a piodermite. O presente relato teve como objetivos a descrição das lesões dermatológicas, diagnóstico e tratamento em um cão SRD. (AU)

Black hair follicular dysplasia is a rare disease that affects young dogs, which etiology remains unclear. There is no breed or sexual predisposition. The clinical signs consists in a progressive baldness in black colored hair areas. The diagnosis is made by atrichogram and a skin biopsy followed by histopathological examination. The treatment involves the control of secondary disease such as pyoderma.The aim of this report was to describe the skin lesions, diagnosis and treatment in a mongrel dog. (AU)