Scaling up a home-visiting program for child development in Brazil: a comparative case studies analysis.

Background: In 2016, Brazil scaled up the Criança Feliz Program (PCF, from the acronym in Portuguese), making it one of the largest Early Childhood Development (ECD) programs worldwide. However, the PCF has not been able to achieve its intended impact. We aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to achieving the PCF implementation outcomes across the RE-AIM dimensions (Reach, Effectiveness or Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This comparative case study analysis selected five contrasting municipalities based on population size, region of the country, implementation model, and length of time implementing the PCF. We conducted 244 interviews with PCF municipal team (municipal managers, supervisors, home visitors), families, and cross-sectoral professionals. A rapid qualitative analysis was used to identify themes across RE-AIM dimensions. Findings: Families' limited knowledge and trust in PCF goals were a barrier to its reach. While the perceived benefit of PCF on parenting skills and ECD enabled reach, the lack of referral protocols to address social needs, such as connecting food-insecure families to food resources, undermined effectiveness. Questions about whether the social assistance sector should be in charge of PCF challenged its adoption. Implementation barriers exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic included low salaries, temporary contracts, high turnover, infrequent supervision, lack of an effective monitoring system, and nonexistence or non-functioning multisectoral committees. The absence of institutionalized funding was a challenge for sustainability. Interpretation: Complex intertwined system-level barriers may explain the unsuccessful implementation of PCF. These barriers must be addressed for Brazil to benefit from the enormous reach of the PCF and the evidence-based nurturing care principles it is based upon. Funding: NIH/NICHD.

Caso importado de malaria por Plasmodium vivax en El Salvador. Un abordaje epidemiológico / Imported Case of Malaria by Plasmodium vivax in El Salvador. An Epidemiological Approach

Presentación del caso. Paciente masculino de origen guatemalteco con historia de fiebre alta de tipo intermitente, mialgias, artralgias, debilidad generalizada, mareo y vómito de contenido gástrico. Fue tratado inicialmente en un hospital privado con diagnóstico de síndrome febril agudo y referido a un hospital de la red nacional con diagnóstico de dengue con signos de alarma, al tercer día de estancia hospitalaria se diagnostica como un caso de malaria importado por Plasmodium vivax. Intervención terapéutica. Se le dio tratamiento antimalárico con cloroquina y primaquina. Evolución clínica. Presentó mejoría clínica y las pruebas de laboratorio de control reportaron resultados negativos para Plasmodium vivax

Case presentation. Male patient of Guatemalan origin with history of intermittent high fever, myalgia, arthralgia, generalized weakness, dizziness, and vomiting of gastric contents. He was initially treated in a private hospital with a diagnosis of acute febrile illness and referred to a national network hospital with a diagnosis of dengue with warning signs. On the third day of hospital stay a diagnosis of an imported malaria case by Plasmodium vivax was presented. Treatment. The patient was given antimalarial treatment consisting of chloroquine and primaquine. Outcome. The patient presented clinical improvement, and control laboratory tests were negative for Plasmodium vivax.

Partial Klüver-Bucy syndrome in a Paediatric patient: A post-neurosurgical and neuropsychological cases.

A variety of cognitive, behavioural, and emotional impairments have been reported in the literature that are associated with the resection of the temporal cortex. Klüver-Bucy syndrome is one infrequently reported disorder in the paediatric population. This paper describes the neuropsychological findings of a female paediatric patient at 7 and 10 years of age with a diagnosis of partial Klüver-Bucy syndrome (pKBS) following total resection of the amygdala and right hippocampus to resect a glioma. The patient presented emotional problems, aggressiveness, hypermetamorphosis, social indifference, and behavioural dysexecutive syndrome, which was found at both 7 and 10 years, but with a decrease in the severity of alterations in attention, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and aggressive behaviour in a second evaluation after she had a neuropsychological intervention. These findings describe the neuropsychological profile of paediatric case with resection of the amygdala and right temporal lobe.

Characterization of Three Cases of Primary Hypogalactia in Jalisco, Mexico.

INTRODUCTION: Human lactation should be taken into account as an important issue for the international agenda. Despite advances in lactation information and knowledge, insufficient milk production is still a concern for mothers and health practitioners, including International Board Certified Lactation Consultants and others. Primary hypogalactia, or insufficient milk production is uncommon, but should be considered when there is poor weight gain and decreased urine output in infants despite good latch-on and suckling, or anatomic differences in the physical exam of the lactating breast. MAIN ISSUE: This case series presents three cases illustrating insufficient milk production resulting in infants who experienced significant dehydration and poor weight gain. MANAGEMENT: Primary hypoplasia was diagnosed by means of a thorough interview and physical examination that entailed a consultation with a physician who was also an International Board Certified Lactation Consultant. CONCLUSION: Awareness of an infant's feeding needs and proper evaluation of a child's health status is paramount if health care providers are to identify the important factors contributing to breastfeeding problems. In some instances, breastfeeding goals cannot be achieved, and then the provider's role becomes support in coming to terms with persistent insufficient milk production, and coordinating appropriate supplementation to meet each baby's nutritional needs.

A tomada de decisão no tratamento de crianças com indicadores de TDAH / Toma de decisiones en el tratamiento de niños con indicadores de TDAH / Decision making in the treatment of children with ADHD indicators

RESUMO O diagnóstico de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade - TDAH é bastante complexo, podendo ser influenciado por fatores contextuais, e seu tratamento pode envolver diferentes intervenções. A participação dos usuários nas decisões a respeito do tratamento vem sendo promovida por instituições de diversos países e, no Brasil, é prevista pelas legislações do Sistema Único de Saúde. Este estudo investigou o processo de tomada de decisão no tratamento de crianças com indicadores de TDAH a partir da percepção de oito profissionais de serviços públicos de saúde mental, que foram entrevistados individualmente. Os dados foram examinados através da análise temática, revelando desafios relativos ao excesso de demanda nos serviços e à complexidade do processo diagnóstico. O envolvimento de usuários e familiares nas decisões foi percebido como parcial, ocorrendo geralmente após a elaboração do plano terapêutico pelas equipes, e envolvendo dificuldades na comunicação entre profissionais e pacientes e divergências de interesses entre as crianças e seus familiares. Esses aspectos poderão ser abordados em futuros estudos e intervenções a fim de facilitar e melhorar a qualidade da tomada de decisão nesse contexto.

RESUMEN El diagnóstico del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad - TDAH es bastante complejo y puede verse influenciado por factores contextuales, y su tratamiento puede implicar diferentes intervenciones. La participación de los usuarios en las decisiones sobre tratamiento ha sido promovida por instituciones de diferentes países y, en Brasil, está prevista por las leyes del Sistema Único de Salud. Este estudio investigó el proceso de toma de decisiones en el tratamiento de niños con indicadores TDAH desde la percepción de 8 profesionales de la salud mental pública, que fueron entrevistados individualmente. Los datos fueron examinados a través del análisis temático, revelando desafíos relacionados con el exceso de demanda en los servicios y la complejidad del proceso de diagnóstico. La implicación de los usuarios y familiares en las decisiones se percibió como parcial, ocurriendo generalmente después de la elaboración del plan terapéutico por los equipos, y implicando dificultades en la comunicación entre profesionales y pacientes y divergencias de intereses entre los niños y sus familias. Estos aspectos pueden abordarse en futuros estudios e intervenciones con el fin de facilitar y mejorar la calidad de la toma de decisiones en este contexto.

ABSTRACT The diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ADHD is quite complex. Contextual factors may influence it, and its treatment may involve different interventions. Institutions in several countries have promoted the participation of users in treatment decisions. In Brazil, it is provided by the Unified Health System. This study investigated the decision-making process in treating children with ADHD indicators from the perception of 8 public mental health services professionals interviewed individually. Data were examined through thematic analysis, revealing challenges related to excessive demand for services and the complexity of the diagnostic process. The involvement of users and family members in the decisions was perceived as partial, generally occurring after elaborating the therapeutic plan by the teams, and involving difficulties in communication between professionals and patients and differences of interests between children and their families. These aspects may be addressed in future studies and interventions to facilitate and improve the quality of the decision-making process in this context.

Entrenamiento de Habilidades Sociales y estrese en la universidad: un estudio de caso / Treinamento de habilidades sociais e estresse na universidade: um estudo de caso / Social skills training and stress at the university: a case study

A aplicação do Treinamento de Habilidades Sociais no contexto universitário pode ser eficaz para a redução do estresse percebido pelos estudantes. Assim, o objetivo do presente artigo foi descrever, no formato de um estudo de caso único, o processo terapêutico de um Treinamento de Habilidades Sociais realizado com uma estudante de Psicologia, apresentando dados referentes à eficácia da intervenção. As avaliações pré e pós-teste foram feitas com os seguintes instrumentos: Inventário de Habilidades Sociais 2 (IHS2-Del-Prette), Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS-14), entrevistas e diário de campo. Contatou-se o aprimoramento de habilidades sociais como recusar e fazer pedidos, lidar com críticas e expor desagrado e solicitar mudança de comportamento do outro, e redução dos níveis de estresse com base em dados qualitativos e quantitativos, com manutenção desses resultados no follow-up de seis semanas. Concluiu-se que o Treinamento de Habilidades Sociais realizado possibilitou a melhora da experiência na universidade para a participante.

La aplicación del entrenamiento de Habilidades Sociales en el contexto universitario puede ser eficaz para la disminución del estrese percibido por los estudiantes. Delante eso, el objetivo del presente artículo fue describir, en el molde de un estudio de caso único, el proceso terapéutico de un entrenamiento de Habilidades Sociales realizado con una estudiante de Psicología, que presentaba, también, datos referentes a la eficacia de la intervención. Las evaluaciones antes y e después de la prueba se hicieron con los siguientes instrumentos: Inventario de Habilidades Sociales 2 (IHS2-Del-Prette), Escala de Estrese Percibido (PSS-14), entrevistas y diario de campo. Fue posible constatar el perfeccionamiento de habilidades sociales como recusar y hacer pedidos, lidiar con críticas y exponer desagrado y solicitar cambio de comportamiento del otro, y reducción de los niveles de estrese con base en datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, con manutención de esos resultados en elfollow-upde seis semanas. Se concluye que el Entrenamiento de Habilidades Sociales realizado posibilitó la mejora de la experiencia en la universidad para la participante.

The application of Social Skills Training in the university context can be effective in reducing the stress perceived by students. Therefore, the objective of this article was to describe, in the format of a single case study, the therapeutic process of a Social Skills Training carried out with a Psychology student, also presenting data regarding the effectiveness of the intervention. Pre- and post-test assessments were performed using the following instruments: Social Skills Inventory 2 (IHS2-Del-Prette), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), interviews and field diary. It was possible to verify the improvement of social skills such as refusing and making requests, dealing with criticism and exposing displeasure and requesting a change in the other's behavior, and reduction of stress levels based on qualitative and quantitative data, with maintenance of these results in the follow-up of six weeks. It was concluded that the Social Skills Training carried out enabled the participant to improve her university experience.

A 5-year follow-up of Achilles tendon reconstruction using a full-thickness graft processed with the clearant method and retrograde fixation in the calcaneus: a case study of an amateur soccer player.

We present a case of a 41-year-old male amateur soccer player with no comorbidities, who experienced a rerupture of the Achilles tendon 5 years after his initial end-to-end plasty. To address this, we opted for a full-thickness reconstruction using a graft under the Clearant Process of the Achilles tendon. As an innovative approach, we proposed an alternative fixation technique, employing a Bio Composite Arthrex 9 mm x 35 mm interference screw, placed at the apex of the calcaneus body. For a period of 5 years, the patient underwent regular imaging follow-ups with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and clinical assessments using the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure Activity Subscale Score and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure Sports Subscale Score. This case highlights the importance of exploring novel fixation methods for Achilles tendon reconstruction, particularly in cases of rerupture. The use of the Bio Composite Arthrex screw, in conjunction with the Clearant Process graft, demonstrated promising results both in imaging and functional outcomes, but more case studies with positive results are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this reconstruction.

La porosidad de la relación barrio-cárcel: un estudio de caso en dos prisiones chilenas / The porosity of the neighbourhood-prison relationship: a case study of two Chilean prisons / A porosidade da relação bairro-prisão: um estudo de caso de duas prisões chilenas

Las cárceles han llamado la atención de la sociología al ser una institución dentro de la sociedad y, al mismo tiempo, comportarse como una sociedad en sí misma, con sus propios códigos y normas. Sykes la llamó "sociedad de los cautivos", por cuanto asume que los procesos de adaptación tenían que ver con aspectos endógenos de la propia prisión y no con características exógenas, como las trayectorias de las personas encarceladas o los barrios de los que provienen. Esta investigación, realizada en dos cárceles chilenas usando una metodología cualitativa, analizó cómo se conforman los roles entre internos, para explorar la vigencia de lo señalado por Sykes. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que: (i) las relaciones entre internos se caracterizan por fuertes asimetrías de poder y (ii) los roles y funciones están marcados por lo que ocurre en los barrios de proveniencia, lo que sugiere que en el siglo XXI barrio y cárcel tienen fronteras porosas. Finalmente, discutimos las implicancias de esta porosidad para repensar los programas de reinserción.

Prisons have attracted the attention of sociology for being an institution within society and, at the same time, behaving as a society in its own right, with its own codes and norms. Sykes called it a "society of captives", as he assumes that the adaptation processes had to do with endogenous aspects of the prison itself and not with exogenous characteristics, such as the trajectories of the incarcerated persons or the neighbourhoods they come from. This research, carried out in two Chilean prisons using a qualitative methodology, analysed how roles are shaped among inmates, in order to explore the validity of Sykes' findings. Our findings suggest that: (a) relationships between inmates are characterised by strong power asymmetries and (b) roles and functions are shaped by what happens in the neighbourhoods of origin, suggesting that in the 21st century, neighbourhood and prison have porous boundaries. Finally, we discuss the implications of this porosity for rethinking reintegration programmes.

As prisões têm atraído a atenção da sociologia por serem uma instituição dentro da sociedade e, ao mesmo tempo, comportaremse como uma sociedade em si mesma, com códigos e normas próprios. Sykes a chamou "sociedade de cativos", pois supõe que os processos de adaptação têm a ver com aspectos endógenos da própria prisão e não com características exógenas, como as trajetórias das pessoas encarceradas ou os bairros de onde elas vêm. Nesta pesquisa, realizada em duas prisões chilenas, foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa e analisado como os papéis são moldados entre os detentos, a fim de explorar a validade das conclusões de Sykes. Nossos resultados sugerem que as relações entre os detentos sejam caracterizadas por fortes assimetrias de poder e que os papéis e as funções sejam moldados pelo que acontece nos bairros de origem, o que leva à hipótese de que, no século 21, o bairro e a prisão tenham sido fronteiras porosas. Por fim, discutimos as implicações dessa porosidade para repensar os programas de reintegração.

Psychometric Properties of the Death Anxiety Scale for Adult Chronic Patients.

INTRODUCTION: Death anxiety is a predictor of exacerbations in both physical and psychological symptoms of chronic diseases. Therefore, having short and easy-to-apply instruments to assess the presence of death anxiety and adopting a multidisciplinary approach to address it are important. METHOD: This study analyzes the psychometric properties of the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) developed by Donald Templer in a Colombian population of adult patients diagnosed with a chronic disease. The original instrument was linguistically, conceptually, and culturally adapted to Colombian Spanish to be subsequently applied to 301 adult patients with chronic diseases. RESULTS: The exploratory factor analysis revealed a 3-factor structure, with a variance of 47%. Internal consistency was observed (Cronbach's alpha: 0.71; McDonald's omega: 0.76; Guttman's lambda 6 (G6): 0.74; greatest lower bound: 0.54). A correlation coefficient of 0.64 was found between the total score of the DAS and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. CONCLUSION: When comparing the results with the versions of the DAS in Spanish from Mexico and Spain, variability in the psychometric properties was observed; therefore, language cannot be assumed to be a guarantee of the reliability and validity of the instrument.

Travel behavior and activity resilience regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: An approach based on smartphone panel data.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes around the world. The circumstances resulted in a radical shift in people's lives, including the way they move around the cities and/or carry out their activities. This study carries out a travel behavior analysis using commuting panel data collected over 7 days using smartphones. The study focuses on the Maceió Metropolitan Area (MMA), which is in the state of Alagoas in the northeast region of Brazil. Cluster analysis, using the k-means algorithm, divided the sample into three groups of travel behavior: Group A ("Infrequent travelers, for work or shopping trip purposes and very prone to do remote work"), Group B ("Intermediate travelers, for work or shopping trip purposes and prone to do remote work"), and Group C ("Frequent travelers, for work or meal purchases and not likely to do remote work"). Groups B and C are predominantly formed by individuals who carry out activities that are less likely to do remote work. By analyzing the groups, it is possible to understand the changes that occurred during the period studied (September/October 2020) and what are the expectations for a post-pandemic scenario, associated with each behavioral group. It was observed that "Working" was the main trip purpose during the pandemic and that the possibility of teleworking depends on the type of activity carried out. Making a scale of the resilience of activities considering the replacement of out-of-home activities by in-home remote activities, it can be observed that Group A was the most resilient, followed by Group B and C, respectively. For the post-pandemic scenario, Groups A and B are also the most likely to use Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and continue carrying out other remote activities, such as grocery shopping and meals, replacing, in the future, predominantly trips using ICTs.

Challenges of selective collection of the household waste: A case study in a Brazilian metropolis.

This work sought to analyse the main difficulties in implementing and maintaining the selective waste collection in a Brazilian metropolis with more than one million inhabitants. Therefore, a qualitative method was used through in-depth interviews with 18 professionals working in the area of selective collection. The interviews were recorded and the data submitted to content analysis. The results showed the following difficulties: lack of management by the government, low efficiency and limited coverage; poor separation of waste at source; distortions in the selective collection logistics chain and in the distribution of waste by cooperatives; high informality, precarious work and low pay for waste collectors; the presence of middlemen and corruption in the system; and idle capacity of cooperatives and public organs. It was concluded that to overcome the difficulties in the selective collection and for it to be more effective, there is a need to improve the management of the process by the government with greater transparency and integration between the various actors involved, education of the population, better working conditions and remuneration for waste collectors.

Strengthening the role of science and technology in disaster risk reduction: the Chilean strategy.

This paper presents an integrative case study of Chile's national strategy of research, development, and innovation (R&D+i) for disaster resilience and progress towards developing the institutional conditions necessary for its successful implementation. The paper covers the period between 2016 and 2021, concentrating on the work of the Chilean Commission of R&D+i for Resilience to Disasters of Natural Origin (CREDEN). Through an analysis of the official records of the initiative at all of its stages, and 29 semi-structured interviews with CREDEN members and stakeholders, we aim to present a successful example of strengthening the role of science and technology in disaster risk reduction. Chile's experience is particularly interesting because its strategy focused on R&D+i and proposed developing an industry of scientific-based technological solutions for disaster resilience. The study also illustrates how strategic interaction between academia, state, and industry can be a key factor in aligning knowledge production to tackle current socio-technical challenges.

ASD Diagnosis and Treatment Experiences Among Mexican Heritage Families.

To understand the ASD diagnosis and treatment pathways for US families, N = 38 Mexican-heritage mothers were interviewed about how and when they obtained an ASD diagnosis for their children. Most children (84%) were diagnosed between two and three years old. One-third of mothers reported receiving four to seven referrals before diagnosis. Mothers identified multiple diagnosis circumstances including two diagnoses and services offered before diagnosis. A multiple case study design documented the diagnosis and treatment experiences of four representative participants. As compared to previous studies that utilized a deficit lens to rationalize barriers to diagnosis and treatment (e.g., parents not knowledgeable about ASD), these findings revealed a complex understanding of how structural barriers (e.g., immigration status), initial diagnosis rejection among caregivers, and abrupt service cancellation complicated the diagnosis and treatment process. Implications identified suggestions to optimize and streamline ASD diagnosis and treatment pathways for Mexican heritage families.

Representação social da escola: relato de um estudo de caso instrumental / Representación social de la escuela: relato de un estudio de caso instrumental / Social representation of the school: report of an instrumental case study

RESUMO. A infrequência, evasão e o abandono escolar se apresentam como um problema social apoiado em legislações que regulamentam a universalização do acesso escolar. A presente pesquisa tem como meta identificar as representações sociais que um estudante, com histórico de infrequência escolar, possui a respeito da escola e de quanto essas significações contribuíram com o fortalecimento ou enfraquecimento de seu vínculo escolar. Para tanto, foi participante do estudo um adolescente do primeiro ano do ensino médio, com idade de 16 anos. Foram utilizados, como instrumento de coleta de dados, um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, desenho livre, diário de campo e observação livre. A análise das informações foi realizada baseando-se na proposta de Creswell da qual derivaram três temas: (a) a infrequência escolar como coadjuvante de um contexto; (b) o resgate das potencialidades virtuosas: um olhar para a singularidade e (c) escola como um lugar de fortalecimento das potencialidades virtuosas. Os resultados encontrados nesse estudo indicaram que a escola foi representada pelo estudante de forma distinta de acordo com cada vivência escolar. Desse modo, é necessário que as escolas sejam espaços que considerem as singularidades e necessidades de seus estudantes.

RESUMEN. La infrecuencia, la evasión y el abandono escolar se presentan como un problema social en legislaciones que regulan una universalización del acceso escolar. La presente investigación buscó identificar cómo las representaciones sociales que tienen un historial de infrecuencia escolar, tienen un respeto por la escuela y en cuánto contribuyeron estos significados al fortalecimiento o debilitamiento de su vínculo escolar. Para ello, un adolescente participó en el estúdio, 1er año de bachillerato, con edad de 16 años. Se utilizaron como instrumento de recopilación de datos, entrevista semiestructurada, diseño libre, diario de campo y observación libre. El análisis de la información se realizo a partir de la propuesta de Creswell, de la cual se derivaron três temas: (a) Una infrecuencia escolar como coadyuvante de un contexto; (b) El rescate de las potencialidades virtuosas: una mirada a la singularidad y (c) La escuela como un lugar de fortalecimiento de las potencialidades virtuosas. Los resultados encontrados en eso estudio indicó que la escuela fue representada por el estudiante de una manera diferente según la experiencia de cada escuela. De ese modo, se hace necesario que las escuelas son espacios que consideran las singularidades y necesidades de sus alumnos.

ABSTRACT Nonattendance, truancy and dropping out of school represent a social problem in legislation that regulates the universal access to education. The present study sought to identify social representations that a student, with a history of school nonattendance, had about the school and how much such meanings contributed to strengthen or weaken his school bond. For this purpose, a teenager in the 1st grade high school, aged 16, was the participant in the study. Data were collected by a semi-structured interview, free drawing, field diary and free observation. Information analysis was based on Creswell's proposal, from which three themes emerged: (a) School nonattendance as an adjunct to a context; (b) Rescue of virtuous potentialities: a look at singularity and (c) School as a place of strengthening virtuous potentialities. Our results indicated that the school was represented by the student in a different way according to each school experience. Thus, it is necessary for schools to be spaces that consider the singularities and needs of their students.

Desarrollo linguo-comunicativo en el Inglés con fines profesionales. Un estudio de caso

Un apreciable impacto lo constituye el desarrollo linguo-comunicativo en el Inglés con fines profesionales del estomatólogo para la comunicación profesional, sus habilidades comunicativas mejoran con la práctica intensiva y extensiva del idioma extranjero, lo cual garantiza adaptar la comunicación a los contextos diversos (docencia, asistencia e investigación) y posibilita la construcción de un discurso basado en su producción oral. Presentamos el caso de una estomatóloga que ingresó en el curso de superación idiomática y descubrimos aptitudes para la lengua extranjera, se les realizaron pruebas orales y escritas en situaciones comunicativas profesionales y su trayectoria se elevó con su preparación hasta obtener los niveles B1 y B2 según el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas y sus suscriptores. El desarrollo linguo-comunicativo en el Inglés con Fines Profesionales (IFP) en estomatología si no se entrena con sistematicidad implica una disminución en lo lingüístico-profesional estomatológica y reduce ampliamente el nivel científico actualizado por los resultados que el mundo de la ciencia estomatológica engloba en los circuitos internacionales de poder de información anglófonos. Ante la creciente demanda de la preparación idiomática para los profesionales de la salud de la provincia, se necesita evaluar y entrenar la capacidad lingüístico-profesional en los estomatólogos. El estudio de caso demuestra que con una intensiva y extensiva práctica del IFP se puede comunicar el estomatólogo en los contextos diversos (docencia, asistencia e investigación).

An appreciable impact is the linguo-communicative development in English for professional purposes of the stomatologist for professional communication, their communicative skills improve with the intensive and extensive practice of the foreign language, which guarantees to adapt communication to different contexts (teaching, assistance and research) and enables the construction of a discourse based on their oral production. We present the case of a stomatologist who entered the language improvement course and we discovered foreign language skills, oral and written tests were carried out in professional communicative situations and her career rose with her preparation to obtain levels B1 and B2 according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages and its subscribers. The linguo-communicative development in English for Professional Purposes (IFP) in stomatology if it is not trained systematically implies a decrease in the linguistic-professional stomatology and greatly reduces the scientific level updated by the results that the world of stomatological science encompasses in the international circuits of English-speaking information power. Given the growing demand for language preparation for health professionals in the province, it is necessary to evaluate and train the linguistic-professional capacity in stomatologists. The case study demonstrates that with an intensive and extensive practice of the IFP the stomatologist can communicate in the different contexts (teaching, assistance and research).

Um impacto apreciável é o desenvolvimento linguo-comunicativo em inglês para fins profissionais do estomatologista para a comunicação profissional, suas habilidades comunicativas melhoram com a prática intensiva e extensiva da língua estrangeira, o que garante a adaptação da comunicação a diferentes contextos (ensino, assistência e pesquisa) e possibilita a construção de um discurso a partir de sua produção oral. Apresentamos o caso de uma estomatóloga que ingressou no curso de aperfeiçoamento linguístico e descobrimos habilidades em língua estrangeira, testes orais e escritos foram realizados em situações comunicativas profissionais e sua carreira aumentou com sua preparação para obter os níveis B1 e B2 de acordo com o Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para Línguas e seus assinantes. O desenvolvimento linguo-comunicativo em Inglês para Fins Profissionais (IFP) em estomatologia, se não for treinado sistematicamente, implica uma diminuição da estomatologia linguístico-profissional e reduz sobremaneira o nível científico, atualizado pelos resultados que o mundo da ciência estomatológica engloba nos circuitos internacionais de poder informacional de língua inglesa. Dada a crescente demanda de preparação linguística para os profissionais de saúde na província, faz-se necessário avaliar e treinar a capacidade linguístico-profissional em estomatologistas. O estudo de caso demonstra que com uma prática intensiva e extensiva do IFP o estomatologista pode se comunicar nos diferentes contextos (ensino, assistência e pesquisa).

Androcentric club narratives around spanish football: press coverage of athletic bilbao's men and women teams / Narrativas de clube androcêntricas no futebol espanhol: cobertura de mídia impressa das equipes de homens e mulheres do athletic bilbao / Narrativas de club androcéntricas en el fútbol español: cobertura de prensa de los equipos de hombres y mujeres del athletic bilbao

Abstract This research focuses on the androcentric hierarchy of identity narratives in football. We explore how such discourses are planned in terms of gender at The club level. We enquire into the presence of and the role played by women footballers in the narrative construction of clubs as portrayed in media outlets. Our case study focuses on Athletic Bilbao, a pioneering club in women's football in Spain. The methodology used is based on content analysis, covering three full seasons (2018-19, 2019-20 and 2020-21) of the front pages of four newspapers (As, Mundo Deportivo, El Correo and Deia). We found a sexist relational system with two major categories - sequential and normative - in the construction and reproduction of information. We point out the prevalence of sporting narratives focused on men and, in relational terms, the invisibility and, in a best-case scenario, the peripheralization of information about women.

Resumo Esta pesquisa se concentra na hierarquia androcêntrica das narrativas identitárias no futebol. Explora-se como esses discursos são planejados em termos de gênero e ao nível de clube. Investiga-se a presença e o papel desempenhado pelas jogadoras na construção narrativa dos clubes por meio da mídia. O nosso caso de estudo é o Athletic Bilbao, um clube pioneiro no desenvolvimento do futebol feminino na Espanha. Metodologicamente, foi feita uma análise de conteúdo das capas de quatro jornais espanhóis (As, Mundo Deportivo, El Correo, Deia) durante três temporadas completas (2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21). Um sistema relacional sexista foi observado, sobretudo através de duas grandes categorias - sequencial e normativa - na construção e reprodução informativa. A onipresença das narrativas em torno das práticas esportivas dos homens é documentada. Em termos relacionais, a informação sobre as mulheres é invisível e, no melhor dos casos, periférica.

Resumen Esta investigación se centra en la jerarquización androcéntrica de las narrativas identitarias en el fútbol. Se explora cómo se planifican tales discursos en clave de género y a nivel de club. Se indaga sobre la presencia y el rol que desempeñan las jugadoras en la construcción narrativa de los clubes mediante los medios de comunicación. Nuestro caso de estudio es el Athletic Bilbao, un club pionero en el desarrollo del fútbol femenino en España. Metodológicamente, se realiza un análisis de contenido de las portadas de cuatro periódicos (As, Mundo Deportivo, El Correo, Deia) durante tres temporadas completas (2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21). Se registra un sistema relacional sexista con dos grandes categorías, secuencial y normativa, en la construcción y reproducción informativa. Se subraya la omnipresencia de las narrativas alrededor de las prácticas masculinas. En términos relacionales, se invisibiliza y, en el mejor de los casos, se periferiza la información sobre las mujeres.

Ouçam Mirtes, mãe de Miguel: precarização e resistência no emprego doméstico durante a pandemia / Listen to Mirtes, Miguel's mother: precarization and resistance in domestic employment during the pandemic

Este artigo é fruto de pesquisa de iniciação científica da PUC Minas sobre trabalho doméstico e pandemia. Em junho de 2020, morreu Miguel, de cinco anos, filho da empregada doméstica Mirtes Renata, que trabalhava durante a pandemia de covid-19. Miguel caiu do edifício enquanto estava sob os cuidados da patroa de Mirtes. A partir do estudo de caso do "caso Miguel", aliado à bibliografia sobre trabalhadoras domésticas e relações étnico-raciais, buscou-se: (1) observar as relações entre raça, classe e gênero e a naturalização da precarização deste trabalho; (2) analisar o caso Miguel em sua relação com a profissão e movimentos de resistência na luta por direitos, reconhecimento e justiça. Como resultados, observa-se a potência das mobilizações de coalizão entre movimentos sociais e redes de solidariedade para a identificação do caráter estrutural do fenômeno, atuando em forma ampla pela justiça e transformação dessas estruturas. Conclui-se que a pandemia de covid-19 evidenciou a linha direta entre precarização da profissão e a desvalorização das vidas das trabalhadoras domésticas, sendo a morte de Miguel uma consequência da violência e precarização histórica do lugar da mulher negra

This article is the result of PUC Minas' scientific initiation research on domestic work and pandemic. In June 2020, five-year-old Miguel, son of the domestic worker Mirtes Renata, who was working during the COVID-19 pandemic, died. Miguel fell of the building while in the care of Mirtes' employer. From the case study of "Caso Miguel," combined with the bibliography on domestic workers and ethnic racial relations, we sought to: (1) observe the relationships between race, class, and gender and the naturalization of the precariousness of this work; (2) analyse Miguel's case related with the profession and with resistance movements in the fight for rights, recognition, and justice. As results the potential of coalition mobilizations between social movements and solidarity networks to identify the structural character of the phenomenon, acting broadly for justice and transformation of these structures, is observed. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic evidenced the direct line between the profession precarization and the devaluation of the domestic workers lives, with Miguel's death a consequence of violence and historical precarization of black women place

Efecto de la retroalimentación visual sobre la velocidad de la marcha después de un accidente cerebrovascular: diseño de caso único / Effects of Visual Feedback on Walking Speed for Stroke Patients: Single-case Design

Introducción. La recuperación de la marcha es uno de los principales objetivos en rehabilitación después de un ACV. Basados en los principios de aprendizaje motor, se han desarrollado nuevas estrategias en neurorrehabilitación basadas en la práctica repetitiva, orientada a la tarea y la retroalimentación. Esto último ha demostrado ser una de las variables clave para el entrenamiento, por su fácil obtención y manipulación. Sin embargo, aún no existen estudios concluyentes que permitan identificar el efecto real de esta variable y su influencia en la recuperación y el desempeño funcional de la marcha. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto de la retroalimentación visual sobre la velocidad de la marcha después de un accidente cerebrovascular en adultos con estadios subagudos y crónicos. Metodología. Diseño de caso único de línea de base múltiple, aleatorio no concurrente de cuatro participantes. Se evaluó la velocidad de la marcha determinando las diferencias en el nivel, la tendencia, la estabilidad de los datos y la no superposición de datos mediante el análisis visual basado en la documentación técnica para diseños de caso único de la What Works Clearinghouse. Resultados. Cuatro participantes con rango de edad de 19 a 73 años fueron incluidos en el estudio. El cambio en el nivel para todos los participantes demostró un incremento en los valores de la velocidad de la marcha después de la introducción de la intervención (media: 0.76 m/s). El análisis visual de la tendencia estimó aceleración para la línea de intervención para tres participantes. Los datos en la fase de base e intervención cumplieron el criterio de estabilidad medido con el método de banda de dos desviaciones estándar (media: 0.05 m/s); los patrones de cambio demostraron efecto inmediato con mejoría gradual durante la intervención para los participantes 1, 3 y 4. El porcentaje de no superposición de datos mostró efectividad de la intervención para tres de los participantes (PND >91.67%). Conclusiones. Los hallazgos presentados en este estudio representan un aporte científico que respalda la pertinencia del uso y aplicación de los principios de aprendizaje motor para el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias en rehabilitación motora. Sin embargo, este estudio constituye un primer paso para realizar estudios más robustos que incluyan replicación de las fases en el estudio y la evaluación del seguimiento para determinar la permanencia de los efectos a largo plazo.

Introduction. Gait recovery is one of the main goals in post-stroke rehabilitation. Based on the principles of motor learning, new strategies have been developed in neurorehabilitation based on repetitive, task-oriented practice, and feedback. The latter has proven to be one of the most critical variables for training, because it is easy to obtain and manipulate. However, there are still no conclusive studies to identify the real effect of this variable and its influence on recovery and functional gait performance. Objective. To determine the effect of visual feedback on gait speed after stroke in adults with subacute and chronic stages.Methodology. Single-case, multiple baseline, non-concurrent randomized, and four-participant design. Gait velocity was assessed by determining differences in level, trend, data stability, and nonoverlapping data using visual analysis based on technical documentation for single-case designs from the What Works Clearinghouse.Results. Four participants ranging in age from 19 to 73 years were included in the study. The change in level for all participants demonstrated an increase in gait velocity values after the introduction of the intervention (mean: 0.76 m/s). Visual trend analysis estimated acceleration for the intervention line for three participants. The data in the baseline and intervention phase met the stability criterion measured with the two standard deviation band method (mean: 0.05 m/s); patterns of change demonstrated immediate effect with gradual improvement during the intervention for participants 1, 3, and 4. The percentage of nonoverlapping data showed effective-ness of the intervention for three of the participants (PND >91.67%).Conclusions. The findings presented in this study represent a scientific contribution that supports the relevance of the use and application of motor learning principles for the development of new strategies in motor rehabilitation. However, this study constitutes a first step towards more robust studies that include replication of the phases in the study and follow-up evaluation to determine the permanence of long-term effects.

Causes and prevention practices of food waste in fruit and vegetable supply chains: How is Brazil dealing with these issues?

This study aims to identify the main causes of food waste (especially fruit and vegetables) and their relationship with prevention practices at supermarket and supplier levels. To do so, we conducted case studies in four Brazilian supermarket chains and their suppliers. Our findings show that although supermarkets seem to be concerned about avoiding food waste, they mostly focus on internal prevention actions, reflecting the lack of collaboration and information between supermarkets and suppliers. The low investment of supermarkets in actions to prevent food waste is focused only on their internal operations and, despite this, training is inefficient due to the high level of staff turnover and lack of involvement of suppliers in participating in this training. The use of technologies such as packaging, traceability, refrigeration, and transport equipment is insufficient, it increases production costs. A lack of strict legislation in Brazil makes it difficult for supermarkets and suppliers to donate food. Cultural issues specific to Brazil, such as consumer overhandling fruit and vegetables before buying these products, generate a great deal of waste. The paper contributes to the literature by identifying the main root causes of food waste and providing a list of prevention practices that supermarkets and suppliers can benefit from. Managerially, it can help supermarket managers spot the causes of food waste within their operations, and hence change, improve or implement practices and behavior to prevent food waste.