Estudos epidemiológicos na área de saúde mental realizados no Brasil / Epidemiology of mental health and insanity: a review of literature

The studies epidemiologists in the area of mental health still are seen as and few used in the elaboration of politics of health, action of health incipient, planning of the investments and programs of promotion and social whitewashing for this population. This study it has as objective to make a revision of literature on the subject, tracing as beginning of the line of the time the decade of 1970, dates probable of the trajectory of the studies epidemiologists in the area of mental health, until the present moment, focusing the studies epidemiologists in the northeast region, more specifically, in the Paraíba, where the research epidemiologist starts the spoon fruits.

Os estudos epidemiológicos na área de saúde mental ainda são vistos como incipientes e pouco utilizados na elaboração de políticas de saúde, ações de saúde, planejamento dos investimentos e programas de promoção e reabilitação social para os doentes mentais. Esse estudo tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre o assunto, traçando como início da linha do tempo, a década de 1970, data provável da trajetória dos estudos epidemiológicos na área de saúde mental, até o presente momento. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada em acervos de bibliotecas, bem como em consultas na base de dados do Scielo, Medline e Lillacs, através da internet. Os resultados evidenciaram a predominância de estudos na região Região Sudeste, Sul e Nordeste, e a carência desses estudos em outras regiões do país. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de que mais estudos sejam realizados abordando-se outros grupos e temáticas poucos investigadas na determinação dos riscos para o adoecimento mental.

The public health information infrastructure. A national review of the law on health information privacy.

Our objectives were to review and analyze the laws in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico that regulate the acquisition, storage, and use of public health data and to offer proposals for reform of the laws on public health information privacy. Virtually all states reported some statutory protection for governmentally maintained health data for public health information in general (49 states), communicable diseases (42 states), and sexually transmitted diseases (43 states). State statutes permitted disclosure of data for statistical purposes (42 states), contact tracing (39 states), epidemiologic investigations (22 states), and subpoena or court order (14 states). The survey revealed significant problems that affect both the development of fair and effective public health information systems and the protection of privacy. Statutes may be silent about the degree of privacy protection afforded, confer weaker privacy protection to certain kinds of information, or grant health officials broad discretion to disseminate personal information. Our proposals for law reform are based on a meeting of experts at the Carter Presidential Center under the auspices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists: (1) an independent data protection commission should be established, (2) health authorities should justify the collection of personally identifiable information, (3) subjects should be given basic information about data practices, (4) data should be held and used in accordance with fair information practices, (5) legally binding privacy and security assurances should attach to identifiable health information with significant penalties for breach of these assurances, (6) disclosure of data should be made only for purposes consistent with the original collection, and (7) secondary uses beyond those originally intended by the data collector should be permitted only with informed consent.