The effect of training medical students in the community area in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic in China: a community-based study.

BACKGROUND: Community practice training is an important part of education in medicine, public health, social medicine, and other disciplines. The objective of this study is to explore the effect and importance of the community practice of Master of Public Health graduates on community residents' health during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS: This study used a pretest-posttest design. A total of 152 participants with age ≥ 60 years were selected using a multistage sampling method from Hangzhou in China. Baseline and endline data were collected using structured questionnaires by face-to-face interviews. All psychological and behavioral measurements were performed using standardized instruments and showed good reliability and validity. A total of 147 participants were included in the analysis. The chi-square and rank sum tests were used to compare the difference between baseline and endline for categorical variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between community practice training and changes in psychology and behavior. RESULTS: The result of chi-square test revealed a statistically significant difference in participants' eating habits from baseline to endline. Participants reported that the self-perceived health status was different between endline and baseline by the rank sum test. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that community practice training was significantly associated with increased self-efficacy scores, cognitive function and eating habits, with odd ratios of 1.08, 0.90 and 1.93, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Community practice training was associated with changes in health behavior and psychology of community residents. Our results suggested enhanced community practice training for students under the Master of Public Health program.

Case Study on Prestressed CFRP Plates Applied for Strengthening Hollow-Section Beam Removed from an Old Bridge.

With the wide application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plate, used for strengthening existed concrete structures, the prestressing technology of CFRP plate is becoming a hot topic, in order to sufficiently develop its high-strength peculiarity. In this paper, a full-scale hollow-section beam with length of 16 m taken from an old bridge which was in service for about 20 years was first examined for existed cracks and repaired by filling epoxy adhesive, and then the beam was strengthened with prestressed CFRP plates. The CFRP plates were tensioned and fixed with flat-plate anchorages at ends and bonded with adhesive on the bottom surface of the beam. The strengthened beam was experimentally studied using a four-point test to measure the concrete strain along the height of the mid-span section and the mid-span deflection. The finite element model of the strengthened beam was verified by the comparison of test results and used for an extending study of parametric analysis considering the effect of the length and amount of CFRP plates. Results indicated that with an increase in the length and amount of CFRP plates, the mid-span deflection of the beam decreases with the increased cracking resistance and bearing capacity, while the ultimate failure mode transfers from the under-reinforcement to the over-reinforcement.

Medicaid Expansion's Impact on Emergency Department Use by State and Payer.

OBJECTIVES: The Affordable Care Act's Medicaid Expansion Program influences healthcare use by increasing insurance coverage. Of particular interest is how this will affect inefficient and expensive emergency department (ED) visits. We estimated the impact of the Medicaid expansion on ED use by states and payer (Medicaid, private insurance, and uninsured) 5 years after the implementation of the Medicaid expansion and illustrated the use of the generalized synthetic control method. METHODS: In this quasi-experiment study, we implemented the generalized synthetic control method to compare states with Medicaid expansion and states without Medicaid expansion. Data were from the Healthcare Cost Utilization Project Fast Stats, which cover >95% of all ED visits. We included states with complete data from 2010 to 2018. RESULTS: Overall, the Medicaid expansion increased Medicaid share of ED visits (average treatment effect on the treated [ATT] 11.39%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.76-14.02) and decreased private share of ED visits (ATT -5.80%; 95% CI -7.40 to -4.12) and uninsured share of ED visits (ATT -6.66%; 95% CI -9.78 to -3.55). CONCLUSIONS: Medicaid Expansion Program shifted ED payer mix to Medicaid ED visits from private insurance and uninsured ED visits for adults at age of 19 to 64 years, whereas its effect on total ED volume is mixed among states. States that experienced the largest increase in Medicaid enrollment seem to experience an increase in ED visits although such results did not reach statistical significance.

Effects of a Mentor Program for Coaches on the Coach-Athlete Relationship.

The present study was designed to explore the effects of a one-year coach education program on coaches' perceptions of their communication skills and co-orientation of their coach-athlete relationships. The study was designed with an experimental group and a control group. The experiment group consisted of 66 coaches (and 295 athletes) who received formal mentoring and the control group consisted of 41 coaches (and 148 athletes) who did not receive any mentoring. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling with autoregressive cross-lagged analysis. Results from the self-reported questionnaire at pre-test and post-test showed that the reciprocity of the coach-athlete relationships was not statistically significant. However, coaches' experience of change in attention skills from the pre-test to the post-test positively predicted changes in their own perception of the coach-athlete relationship, whereas this association was not significant in the athletes' perceptions. Moreover, the coach education programme increased coaches' perception of their relational bonds with their athletes, but this increase did not correspond with an increase in athletes' perception of the relational bonds with their coach. Practical implications and suggestions for further research are discussed in light of these findings.

[Evaluation the triage performance of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for HR-HPV positive women].

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for triage high risk HPV (HR-HPV) infected women. Method: Target objects were women who infected HR-HPV and received colposcopy examination between April and December of 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Gynecologists collected the cervical exfoliated cells from eligible women for p16/Ki-67 dual staining, LBC testing and HPV DNA testing. Histology diagnosis were used as gold standard. Sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values (PPVs), negative predictive values (NPVs) of p16/Ki-67 dual staining, LBC testing and HPV16/18 testing for triage of HR-HPV positive population were calculated and compared. Results: A total of 295 HR-HPV infected women were selected, and the mean age was (44.29±11.48) years old. Positive rates of p16/Ki-67 dual staining, HPV16/18 testing and LBC testing were 70.17% (207), 56.95% (168) and 85.76% (253), respectively. When CIN2+as the endpoint, among the three triage methods, sensitivity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 90.00% (95%CI: 85.06%-93.43%), higher than the value of HPV 16/18 testing, but lower than the value of LBC testing. Specificity, PPV and NPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining were the highest [71.58% (95%CI: 61.81%-79.67%), 86.96% (95%CI:81.69%-90.88%) and 77.27% (95%CI: 67.49%-84.78%)]. When detection for CIN3+, sensitivity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 92.90% (95%CI: 87.74%-95.99%), lower than the value of LBC testing, but higher than the value of HPV16/18 testing. Specificity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 55.00% (95%CI: 46.74%-63.00%), lower than the value of HPV16/18 testing, but higher than the value of LBC testing. PPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 69.57% (95%CI: 62.99%-75.43%), lower than the value of HPV 16/18 testing, but higher than the value of LBC testing. NPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 87.50% (95%CI: 78.99%-92.87%), higher than value of HPV 16/18 testing, but lower than the value of LBC testing. Conclusion: p16/Ki-67 dual staining has better clinical effects than HPV 16/18 testing and LBC testing for triage women with HR-HPV infection.

Evaluation the triage performance of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for HR-HPV positive women / 中华预防医学杂志

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for triage high risk HPV (HR-HPV) infected women. Target objects were women who infected HR-HPV and received colposcopy examination between April and December of 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Gynecologists collected the cervical exfoliated cells from eligible women for p16/Ki-67 dual staining, LBC testing and HPV DNA testing. Histology diagnosis were used as gold standard. Sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values (PPVs), negative predictive values (NPVs) of p16/Ki-67 dual staining, LBC testing and HPV16/18 testing for triage of HR-HPV positive population were calculated and compared. A total of 295 HR-HPV infected women were selected, and the mean age was (44.29±11.48) years old. Positive rates of p16/Ki-67 dual staining, HPV16/18 testing and LBC testing were 70.17% (207), 56.95% (168) and 85.76% (253), respectively. When CIN2+as the endpoint, among the three triage methods, sensitivity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 90.00% (95: 85.06%-93.43%), higher than the value of HPV 16/18 testing, but lower than the value of LBC testing. Specificity, PPV and NPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining were the highest [71.58% (95: 61.81%-79.67%), 86.96% (95:81.69%-90.88%) and 77.27% (95: 67.49%-84.78%)]. When detection for CIN3+, sensitivity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 92.90% (95: 87.74%-95.99%), lower than the value of LBC testing, but higher than the value of HPV16/18 testing. Specificity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 55.00% (95: 46.74%-63.00%), lower than the value of HPV16/18 testing, but higher than the value of LBC testing. PPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 69.57% (95: 62.99%-75.43%), lower than the value of HPV 16/18 testing, but higher than the value of LBC testing. NPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 87.50% (95: 78.99%-92.87%), higher than value of HPV 16/18 testing, but lower than the value of LBC testing. p16/Ki-67 dual staining has better clinical effects than HPV 16/18 testing and LBC testing for triage women with HR-HPV infection.

Evaluation the triage performance of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for HR-HPV positive women / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of p16/Ki-67 dual staining for triage high risk HPV (HR-HPV) infected women.@*Method@#Target objects were women who infected HR-HPV and received colposcopy examination between April and December of 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Gynecologists collected the cervical exfoliated cells from eligible women for p16/Ki-67 dual staining, LBC testing and HPV DNA testing. Histology diagnosis were used as gold standard. Sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values (PPVs), negative predictive values (NPVs) of p16/Ki-67 dual staining, LBC testing and HPV16/18 testing for triage of HR-HPV positive population were calculated and compared.@*Results@#A total of 295 HR-HPV infected women were selected, and the mean age was (44.29±11.48) years old. Positive rates of p16/Ki-67 dual staining, HPV16/18 testing and LBC testing were 70.17% (207), 56.95% (168) and 85.76% (253), respectively. When CIN2+as the endpoint, among the three triage methods, sensitivity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 90.00% (95%CI: 85.06%-93.43%), higher than the value of HPV 16/18 testing, but lower than the value of LBC testing. Specificity, PPV and NPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining were the highest [71.58% (95%CI: 61.81%-79.67%), 86.96% (95%CI:81.69%-90.88%) and 77.27% (95%CI: 67.49%-84.78%)]. When detection for CIN3+, sensitivity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 92.90% (95%CI: 87.74%-95.99%), lower than the value of LBC testing, but higher than the value of HPV16/18 testing. Specificity of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 55.00% (95%CI: 46.74%-63.00%), lower than the value of HPV16/18 testing, but higher than the value of LBC testing. PPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 69.57% (95%CI: 62.99%-75.43%), lower than the value of HPV 16/18 testing, but higher than the value of LBC testing. NPV of p16/Ki-67 dual staining was 87.50% (95%CI: 78.99%-92.87%), higher than value of HPV 16/18 testing, but lower than the value of LBC testing.@*Conclusion@#p16/Ki-67 dual staining has better clinical effects than HPV 16/18 testing and LBC testing for triage women with HR-HPV infection.

[Experimental study on the in vivo continuous measurement of pressure difference between the anterior and the posterior chambers].

A set of device for the in vivo measurement of the pressure difference between the anterior and the posterior chambers (PDAP) was designed to investigate the temporal varying rules of PDAP in the anterior segment of rabbit eyes. A platform was established for the in vivo measurement of PDPA according to the mechanism of joint implement. Rabbit models with high intraocular pressure (IOP) were constructed by means of injecting Carbomer into anterior chamber to increase IOP. The in vivo 24 hours continuous measurements of PDAP were performed for normal rabbit eye and eye with high IOP. The developed device could sensitively response to the small pressure difference in eye. The pressure difference in the normal rabbit eye varied with time, and the variation range during a whole day was 5.84-96.84 Pa which reflected the existence of physiological rule. For the rabbit eye with high IOP, pressure in anterior chamber was higher than that in posterior chamber which was in consistence with the theory of self-adaptation adjustment. The present study indicates that the approaches and device designed in this paper can well implement the measurement of PDAP as well as the temporal varying rules of PDAP in the anterior segment during a whole day.

Experimental study on the in vivo continuous measurement of pressure difference between the anterior and the posterior chambers / 生物医学工程学杂志

A set of device for the measurement of the pressure difference between the anterior and the posterior chambers (PDAP) was designed to investigate the temporal varying rules of PDAP in the anterior segment of rabbit eyes. A platform was established for the measurement of PDPA according to the mechanism of joint implement. Rabbit models with high intraocular pressure (IOP) were constructed by means of injecting Carbomer into anterior chamber to increase IOP. The 24 hours continuous measurements of PDAP were performed for normal rabbit eye and eye with high IOP. The developed device could sensitively response to the small pressure difference in eye. The pressure difference in the normal rabbit eye varied with time, and the variation range during a whole day was 5.84-96.84 Pa which reflected the existence of physiological rule. For the rabbit eye with high IOP, pressure in anterior chamber was higher than that in posterior chamber which was in consistence with the theory of self-adaptation adjustment. The present study indicates that the approaches and device designed in this paper can well implement the measurement of PDAP as well as the temporal varying rules of PDAP in the anterior segment during a whole day.

Bibliometric analysis of the literature on nursing professional basic experiment research in China ten years / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To describe the research status, analyze the existing problems and summarize development trend of basic experiment research in China by analyzing the papers publication year, publication journals, geographical distribution, fund status, cooperation situation and the main experimental methods or technologies.It was aimed at providing guidance for further research and development of nursing scientific research.Methods All literatures related to nursing professional basic experiment research were extracted by searching through the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals and Wan-fang database from January 2005 to November 2014.Bibliometric analysis methods were used to analyze the search results.Results 472 references were retrieved to meet the requirements.about 76.3％ (360/472) papers were published in the statistical source journals, 10.0％ (47/472) of the literatures were published in the nursing professional journals;68.9％ (325/472) of the literatures had funding source, 21.0％ (99/472) for national fund support, 35.4％ (167/472) were supported by provincial fund;literature cooperation degree was 4.38(2 065/472), the co-authored rate was 97.2％ (459/472).The level of research focused on tissue and cells, a few involved in molecular level.Conclusions All the literatures on the nursing professional basic experiment research show a increa~d trend year by year.Nursing professional journals' publication volume is not high for such research.Scientific research fund contributions remain to be improved.The interdisciplinary cooperation needs to be expanded.Nursing experimental research will provide a possible for discipline development.

Effects of Point Injection with Different Reinforcing and Reducing Manipulation to Cardiac Function of Heart-qi Deficiency Syndrome Model in Rats / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To observe the influence of rats serum SOD and cardiac function with qi deficiency syndrome through the factors of the acupuncture point injection with different reinforcing and reducing methods. [Methods] To establish SD rat heart-qi deficiency syndrome model with the compound factors of the feeding, load forced swimming and large dose propranolol. The rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, Zusanli(St. 36) Shenqi Fuzheng injection reinforcing method group, Zusanli(St. 36) Shenqi Fuzheng injection reducing method group. Each acupoint injection of 0.20ml, one time a day, for 10 consecutive days. Determine of serum SOD activity values respectively and detect cardiac function correlated hemodynamic indexes. [Results] (1) The activity of serum SOD in model group rats was significantly lower than control group( P<0.01);Treated groups and model group had significant difference(P<0.05 or P<0.01);Zusanli(St. 36) injection reinforcing method group and Zusanli(St. 36) reducing method group had significant differences(P<0.01);(2) The cardiac function of rats in model group decreased significantly, corresponding heart function index of each treatment groups had changes and obvious differences. The maximum ventricular rats model of the internal pressure, left ventricular systolic pressure ,the maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressure, heart rate and other indicators of Zusanli(St. 36) Shenqi Fuzheng injection reinforcing method group were more than indexes of Zusanli(St. 36) Shenqi Fuzheng injection reducing method group( P<0.01). [Conclusion] Acupoint injection of different reinforcing-reducing manipulations had different effect on the treatment of disease, and Zusanli(St. 36) injection reinforcement treatment of heart-qi deficiency syndrome model rats was significantly better than the other groups.

Experiment study on traditional Chinese medicine used in depressive animal models / 国际中医中药杂志

Establishment of depressive animal model is the premise for evaluating the effect and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine on depression. Many traditional Chinese medicines for depressive treatment in a mouse model of experimental studies have demonstrated a sound antidepressant effect, indicating that traditional Chinese medicine treats depression effectively. Therefore, more and more attentions have been paid in recent years. My article made a summary on depressive animal models of experiment study.

Experiment Study on the Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis Method t o measure RBC Aggregation / 医学研究杂志

In order to test validity and fea si bility of the impedance spectroscopy analysis method,a series of blood experime n ts have been carried out to study influences of the hematocrit,the plasma conc e ntration and the dextran concentration in suspend medium on the blood impedance and the RBC aggregation.The results show that the blood impedance of lower freq uency R_0 increases with increase of Hctc,the time constant T has little chang e when Hctc hange from 28.9 to 48.9;with the increase of plasma concentration ,t he RBC aggregation radius increases;When the dextran concentration is about 4g/ 100ml,the RBC aggregate reaches its maximum.It suggests that the impedance spe ctroscopy analysis method is a new,effective method to study RBC aggregation.

Effect of Gengnianle Water-paste Pills on endocrine system of climacteric rat / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To study the mechanism of Gengnianle Water-paste Pills in resisting climacteric aging. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, high and low dosage groups of Gengnianle, positive control group. The climacteric rat model were established by ectomizing the bilateral ovaries. The E2, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid hormone (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were detected. Results: Compared with model group, in high dose of Gengnianle group, the levels of E2, T3, T4 increased and the levels of FSH, LH, TSH reduced. The effect of high dose of Gengnianle in improving the adjustment function of the thalamus-hypophysis-ovary axis and the thalamus- hypophysis-thyroid gland axis is better than that of positive control group (P

A Study on Ability of Facilitating Osteogenesis of Cultured Periosteal Cells Combined with Bone Morphogenetic Protein / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the properties of cultured periosteal cells associated with bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) to find a new treatment for bone defects.Methods The periosteal cells were cultured,expanded and passage cultured in vitro to investigate the characteristics and functional changes of rabbit periosteal cells.Animal models of 1.0cm gaps with complete removal of the bilateral radius medium bone and periosteum were induced in 24 New Zealand rabbits,which were randomly divided into 4 groups to receive the defect repair with periosteal cells combined with BMP,periosteal cells,BMP and blank control respectively.X-ray and histological examination were made periodically after operation to evaluate the effectiveness of bone formation.Results Periosteal cell morphology can be divided into three stages: cell division phase,cell growth phase and cell functional phase.Cellular configuration had no significant difference with primary cells after anagenesis.The callus can be formed after the periosteal cells were transplanted into the bone defection.The osteogenesis ability of periosteal cells combined with BMP was better than that of the BMP,and the osteogenesis ability of the BMP was better than that of the periosteal cells.The mechanism of bone regeneration for periosteal cells was similar to intramembranous ossification,and that of BMP was similar to endochondral ossification.In the periosteal cells combined with BMP group,both intramembranous and endochondral ossification existed,and the former was obvious.Conclusion Both periosteal cells and BMP can improve the repair of bone defect in vivo.Cultured periosteal cells combined with BMP had substantial ability of synergistic osteogenesis,and it was an ideal treatment for bone defection.

Students under Stress: their self-efficacy and locus of control / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To study self-efficacy and locus of control in s tudents under stress Method: 489 students including 138 colleg e students, 222 high school students and 129 high school students facing national examination for college (exam group) were collected SEI (self-judgement inven t ory) and ASLEC (adolescent life event scale) were applied to college students an d high school students Scale for Self-efficacy in Mathematics, ICP (inner cont r ol potential) and TAS (test anxiety scale) were applied to exam group R esult: Only in male students, there was significant negative correlation between general self-efficacy and stress The stress level of female was highe r than male There was significant negative correlation between stress and self- e fficacy in mathematics and between stress and internality While positive corre l ation existed between stress and powerful others, and between stress and chance In multiple regression, the main factors influence stress were gender, self-e fficacy and chance

Practice Effect of Working Memory Test / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To confirm the least practice times to eliminate the practice effect in the Working Memory Test Method: Four volunteers from college students practiced the Working Memory Test many times in two consecutive days Their scores were analyzed Result:Comparing their results before and after practice, there were significant practice effects with two types, three levels In order to eliminate these effects, the practice times before formal test was no less than 18 Conclusion:Practice effect is one of the factors affecting the results of the Working Memory Test, which can be eliminate after at least 18 times practice