RESUMEN
Haemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant tumour of vascular endothelial cells. It is common in dogs, but rare in other species, and may arise in any tissue. A dermal location of canine HSA has been associated with short survival and recurrence after surgical excision. Solar radiation has been proposed as a predisposing factor in shorthaired dogs with light skin pigmentation. There are no studies relating the expression of immunohistochemical markers to survival of dogs with cutaneous haemangiosarcoma (cHSA). Such data could contribute to establishing prognostic factors and new therapies based on the expression of target molecules. The aim of this study was to evaluate biomarkers and overall survival (OS) of dogs with cHSA, therefore helping to understand the biological behaviour of this neoplasm and determine prognostic factors. Sixty samples of canine cHSA were evaluated for the expression of factor VIII (FVIII), cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 (Casp-3) by immunohistochemistry. The results were related to OS of animals through the model of competitive risks. In addition, the relationships between age, sex, breed, tumour invasiveness, histological differentiation scoring, mitotic rate and tumour size were correlated with the OS of the dogs. Markers expression was positive in 80-100% of the samples, predominantly with weak to moderate labelling intensity for FVIII, COX-2, and VEGF, but with strong expression of PCNA and Casp-3. The median OS of dogs was 12 months. The variables of dog age, tumour invasiveness, histological differentiation scoring, mitotic rate and tumour size were not related to the survival rate. Some predisposed breeds (i.e. pitbull, boxer, Basset hound and Dalmatian) showed greater OS than non-predisposed breeds. Dogs affected by other concomitant primary neoplasms had a longer survival curve than those with only cHSA, while the females of the former group had lower OS than males. The labelling indices of FVIII, COX-2, VEGF, PCNA and Casp-3 had no relationship to OS, neither did the labelling intensity of FVIII, COX-2 and VEGF. However, the expression of COX-2 and VEGF is frequent in canine cHSA so these possible therapeutic targets should be investigated further.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Hemangiosarcoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias Cutáneas/veterinaria , Animales , Perros , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
El hemangiosarcoma (HSA) es un tumor maligno del endotelio vascular. En gatos esta neoplasia es rara, pues solo un 2% de los diagnósticos de tumores malignos corresponde a HSA hepático. En este informe se presenta el caso de un paciente felino con dilatación abdominal, un mes de evolución, dolor abdominal y anorexia con duración de 3 días. En la necropsia se halló: hidrotórax, dilatación cardiaca derecha, hígado con moteado blanco o amarillo claro de 1 a 2 mm de diámetro y zonas necróticas multifocales de color rojo oscuro sobre la superficie. En útero se encontró dilatación del cuerno izquierdo con múltiples masas sólidas con contenido sanguinolento. Microscópicamente se diagnosticó un HSA hepático con metástasis en útero.
The Haemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant tumor of the vascular endothelium. It is a rare neoplasic in cats, just a 2% are reported from all the malignant tumors presented this species and is highly metastasic. The hepatic HSA embraces from 0 to 6-12% of the primary hepatic neoplasics. In this report a case of a feline patient which was suffering from one month of evolution abdominal dilatation, and tree day abdominal pain and anorexia is presented. During necropsy hydrothorax, right cardiac dilatation, liver with white or light yellow mottled appearance on cut surfaces of 1-2 mm of diameter and necrotic multifocal zones with dark red color and in the uterus, dilatation of the left horn with multiples solid masses with bloody content were found. The case was microscopically diagnosed as a hepatic HSA with metastasis to the uterus.
O hemangiossarcoma (HSA) é um tumor maligno endotelial vascular. Em gatos esta neoplasia é rara, pois só 2% dos diagnósticos de tumores malignos correspondem a HSA do fígado. Este relatório apresenta o caso de um paciente felino com inchaço abdominal, um mês de evolução, dor abdominal e anorexia de três dias de evolução. A autópsia foi encontrada: hidrotórax, dilatação cardíaca direita, fígado manchado com branca ou amarela, de 1 a 2 mm de diâmetro e áreas necrótica multifocales vermelhas escuras na superfície. Em útero foi encontrada dilatação do corno esquerdo com múltiplas massas sólidas com conteúdo sangrento. Microscopicamente foi diagnosticado HSA hepático com metástases no útero.