A comprehensive study on factors influencing online impulse buying behavior: Evidence from Shopee video platform.

The rapid expansion of online commerce has significantly altered consumer behavior, particularly among digitally-savvy Generation Z individuals. This research analyzes the influence of product presentation videos on online impulsive buying behaviors in this demographic, using the Shopee video platform as a case study. The study aims to investigate how various external factors, including time pressure (TP), quantity pressure (QP), economic benefits (EB), social influence (SI), visual (VS), and sound (SO), affect online impulse buying by mediating emotions of arousal (AR) and pleasure (PL). This study employed a quantitative approach, and data was collected through a Likert scale questionnaire using a non-probability sampling technique. PLS-SEM statistical analysis was utilized to assess the research model, exploring the interplay of these stimuli in shaping impulsive buying behavior on the Shopee platform, among 438 Vietnamese Generation Z. The study's results indicate significant impacts of all factors on arousal, while time pressure, quantity pressure, and economic benefits did not significantly influence pleasure. Notably, arousal and pleasure emerged as mediators shaping impulsive buying decisions among Generation Z. These findings indicate that strategic use of external factors can effectively trigger emotions, leading to impulsive buying among digital natives. This also offers valuable insights for marketers looking to enhance e-commerce strategies on platforms such as Shopee video. Marketers can trigger customers' impulsive buying by creating a sense of urgency (e.g. flash sales, limited quantities), useful online reviewing, and personalizing discounts. Additionally, using visual and sound strategies in a positive online experience can further enhance this behavior and shape preferences. This study's findings contribute to a deeper understanding of consumer behavior theories in the digital era, highlighting the intricate roles of arousal and pleasure in online impulse buying.

Finite-time cluster synchronization of multi-weighted fractional-order coupled neural networks with and without impulsive effects.

In this paper, finite-time cluster synchronization (FTCS) of multi-weighted fractional-order neural networks is studied. Firstly, a FTCS criterion of the considered neural networks is obtained by designing a new delayed state feedback controller. Secondly, a FTCS criterion for the considered neural networks with mixed impulsive effects is given by constructing a new piecewise controller, where both synchronizing and desynchronizing impulses are taken into account. It should be noted that it is the first time that finite-time cluster synchronization of multi-weighted neural networks has been investigated. Finally, numerical simulations are given to show the validity of the theoretical results.

Aberrant glutamatergic systems underlying impulsive behaviors: Insights from clinical and preclinical research.

Impulsivity is a broad construct that often refers to one of several distinct behaviors and can be measured with self-report questionnaires and behavioral paradigms. Several psychiatric conditions are characterized by one or more forms of impulsive behavior, most notably the impulsive/hyperactive subtype of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mood disorders, and substance use disorders. Monoaminergic neurotransmitters are known to mediate impulsive behaviors and are implicated in various psychiatric conditions. However, growing evidence suggests that glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the mammalian brain, regulates important functions that become dysregulated in conditions like ADHD. The purpose of the current review is to discuss clinical and preclinical evidence linking glutamate to separate aspects of impulsivity, specifically motor impulsivity, impulsive choice, and affective impulsivity. Hyperactive glutamatergic activity in the corticostriatal and the cerebro-cerebellar pathways are major determinants of motor impulsivity. Conversely, hypoactive glutamatergic activity in frontal cortical areas and hippocampus and hyperactive glutamatergic activity in anterior cingulate cortex and nucleus accumbens mediate impulsive choice. Affective impulsivity is controlled by similar glutamatergic dysfunction observed for motor impulsivity, except a hyperactive limbic system is also involved. Loss of glutamate homeostasis in prefrontal and nucleus accumbens may contribute to motor impulsivity/affective impulsivity and impulsive choice, respectively. These results are important as they can lead to novel treatments for those with a condition characterized by increased impulsivity that are resistant to conventional treatments.

Causal attributions of impulsive and compulsive behaviors.

Introduction: Aggression, and therefore gender-based violence, can be an impulsive or compulsive behavior, depending on the consumption of alcohol and/or drugs. In Europe, the prevalence of gender-based violence is 16 to 23%. This prevalence shows that there is a need to make further progress in the treatment of aggression against women. Qualitative techniques allow us to understand perceptions and attributions holistically by analyzing what people who commit the crime say, why they say it and how they say it. Aim: To explore the experience of physical and verbal aggression by a partner, dependent on the presence or absence of alcohol and drug use, in the prison population. Method: A mixed methodology was used (combining qualitative and quantitative techniques). The sample was made up of 140 men divided into two focus groups [with alcohol and/or drug consumption (SAD) and without alcohol and/or drug consumption (NSAD)] who completed the Demographic, Criminal and Behavioral Interview in Penitentiary Institutions; the Gender Violence Questionnaire (both developed for this study) and the MultiCAGE CAD-4 Questionnaire. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis and quantitative data were obtained using contingency tables. Results: It was found that the SAD group attributed the crime committed to alcohol and/or drug consumption, while the NSAD group attributed it to jealousy and to their partner. The SAD group revealed that the consequence of the physical aggressions was to get what they were looking for from their partner and the consequences of the verbal aggressions was regret, unlike the NSAD group that did not get anything from the aggressions. The SAD group recognized that to avoid future aggressions they would have to avoid alcohol and/or drug use, while the NSAD group mentioned that they would have to avoid contact with their partner. Discussion: The need to include perceptions and attributions as well as the use of alcohol and/or drugs is emphasized when assessing individuals who commit the crime of gender-based violence.

[The association of single-nucleotide polymorphism rs6265 of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene with clinical features in Parkinson's disease]. / Assotsiatsiya odnonukleotidnogo polimorfizma rs6265 gena neirotroficheskogo faktora golovnogo mozga s osobennostyami klinicheskoi kartiny bolezni Parkinsona.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency and severity of various clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) depending on the BDNF rs6265 polymorphism. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 533 patients with PD. The stage of PD was assessed using the Hoehn and Yahr scale (1967), motor symptoms were evaluated with MDS-UPDRS. Assessment of non-motor symptoms (NMS) in PD was conducted using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II); the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); the Apathy Scale; the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA test); the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in PD -Rating Scale (QUIP-RS). Genotyping of the BDNF variant (rs6265) was performed using real-time PCR with TaqMan probes. RESULTS: Most PD patients have a combination of NMS increasing as the disease progresses and is determined by molecular-genetic individual characteristics. There are significant differences in the severity of motor symptoms and NMS: individuals with the AA genotype showed significantly pronounced motor symptoms (p<0.0001); emotional-affective symptoms (p<0.0001); cognitive and impulsive behavioral disorders (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The rs6265 BDNF allele A is associated with a wide range of NMS, increasing the risk of their development in patients with PD, thus playing the important role in the etiopathogenesis of this pathology.

Predictors of Suicidal Behavior in a Sample of Incarcerated Individuals.

INTRODUCTION: Incarcerated individuals exhibit higher suicide rates compared to the general population. Investigating risk factors aids in developing effective public policies and interventions. The goal of this study was to assess and analyze factors predicting both suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts in a population of male incarcerated individuals who engage in the use of multiple psychoactive substances. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. A total of 174 male individuals deprived of liberty participated in the study, all of whom were serving a closed regime sentence during the data collection steps. Participants were assessed with the following instruments: the "Addiction Severity Index" (ASI-6) and the "Barratt Impulsiveness Scale" (BIS-11). RESULTS: Amongst our sample, prevalences of 36.7% in suicidal ideation and of 16.0% in suicide attempts were found. Impulsivity (OR = 1.098, 95% CI: 1.008 - 1.197), social support (OR = 0.281, 95% CI: 0.085 - 0.925), witnessing someone being killed or beaten (OR = 5.173, 95% CI: 2.143 - 12.486), cigarette use (OR = 3.309, 95% CI: 1.063 - 10.293), and cocaine use (OR = 2.678, 95% CI: 1.040 - 6.897) were also found to be associated with suicidal ideation. No significant associations were found between drug use and suicide attempts. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of suicidal behaviors was observed in the study's sample, with findings demonstrating that impulsivity moderately differentiates the groups 'with' and 'without' suicidal ideation. Traumatic life events and substance use were also associated with suicide ideation, while social support was established as a protective factor for it.

DoS attacks resilience of heterogeneous complex networks via dynamic event-triggered impulsive scheme for secure quasi-synchronization.

This paper addresses the secure quasi-synchronization issue of heterogeneous complex networks (HCNs) under aperiodic denial-of-service (DoS) attacks with dynamic event-triggered impulsive scheme (ETIS). The heterogeneity of networks and the aperiodic DoS attacks, which hinder communication channels and synchronization goals, present challenges to the analysis of secure quasi-synchronization. The ETIS leverages impulsive control and dynamic event-triggered scheme (ETS) to handle the network heterogeneity and the DoS attacks. We give specific bounds on the attack duration and frequency that the network can endure, and obtain synchronization criteria that relate to event parameters, attack duration, attack frequency, and impulsive gain by the variation of parameter formula and recursive methods. Moreover, we prove that the dynamic ETS significantly reduces the controller updates, saves energy without sacrificing the system decay rate, and prevents the Zeno phenomenon. Finally, we validate our control scheme with a numerical example.

Triangulation of Hard X-Ray Sources in an X-Class Solar Flare with ASO-S/HXI and Solar Orbiter/STIX.

HXI on ASO-S and STIX onboard Solar Orbiter are the first simultaneously operating solar hard X-ray imaging spectrometers. ASO-S's low Earth orbit and Solar Orbiter's periodic displacement from the Sun-Earth line enables multi-viewpoint solar hard X-ray spectroscopic imaging analysis for the first time. Here, we demonstrate the potential of this new capability by reporting the first results of 3D triangulation of hard X-ray sources in the SOL2023-12-31T21:55 X5 flare. HXI and STIX observed the flare near the east limb with an observer separation angle of 18°. We triangulated the brightest regions within each source, which enabled us to characterise the large-scale hard X-ray geometry of the flare. The footpoints were found to be in the chromosphere within uncertainty, as expected, while the thermal looptop source was centred at an altitude of 15.1 ± 1 Mm. Given the footpoint separation, this implies a more elongated magnetic-loop structure than predicted by a semi-circular model. These results show the strong diagnostic power of joint HXI and STIX observations for understanding the 3D geometry of solar flares. We conclude by discussing the next steps required to fully exploit their potential.

Statistical predictors of the co-occurrence between gambling disorder and problematic pornography use.

Co-occurrence between gambling disorder (GD) and other mental disorders is common, but its association with problematic pornography use (PPU) remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate relationships between sociodemographic variables, personality measures, psychopathology, emotional regulation, and impulsivity and the co-occurrence of GD and PPU using structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample consisted of 359 adults seeking treatment for GD. The short version of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS-6) identified patients with GD + PPU. Psychopathology, impulsivity, emotional regulation, and personality were also assessed. Higher impulsivity levels statistically predicted co-occurrence between GD and PPU. Impulsivity mediated the relationship between younger age, maladaptive personality features, and emotional dysregulation and co-occurrence. Psychopathological distress did not directly associate with GD + PPU co-occurrence. Impulsivity relates importantly to the co-occurrence of GD and PPU. Younger age, maladaptive personality, and emotional dysregulation contribute to increased impulsivity levels and co-occurrence. The findings highlight the importance of addressing impulsivity in understanding and treating co-occurring GD and PPU.

Dissociable roles of the mPFC-to-VTA Pathway in the control of Impulsive Action and Risk-Related Decision-Making in Roman High- And Low-Avoidance Rats.

BACKGROUND: Impulsive action and risk-related decision-making (RDM) are associated with various psychiatric disorders including drug abuse. Both behavioral traits have also been linked to reduced frontocortical activity and alterations in dopamine function in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). However, despite direct projections from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the VTA, the specific role of the mPFC-to-VTA pathway in controlling impulsive action and RDM remains unexplored. METHODS: We used Positron Emission Tomography with [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose to evaluate brain metabolic activity in Roman High- (RHA) and Low-avoidance (RLA) rats, which exhibit innate differences in impulsive action and RDM. Notably, we used a viral-based double dissociation chemogenetic strategy to isolate, for the first time, the role of the mPFC-to-VTA pathway in controlling these behaviors. We selectively activated the mPFC-to-VTA pathway in RHA rats and inhibited it in RLA rats, assessing the effects on impulsive action and RDM in the rat gambling task. RESULTS: Our results showed that RHA rats displayed higher impulsive action, less optimal decision-making, and lower cortical activity than RLA rats at baseline. Chemogenetic activation of the mPFC-to-VTA pathway reduced impulsive action in RHA rats, whereas chemogenetic inhibition had the opposite effect in RLA rats. However, these manipulations did not affect RDM. Thus, by specifically targeting the mPFC-to-VTA pathway in a phenotype-dependent way, we were reverted innate patterns of impulsive action, but not RDM. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a dissociable role of the mPFC-to-VTA pathway in impulsive action and RDM, highlighting its potential as a target for investigating impulsivity-related disorders.

A comprehensive measure assessing different types of problematic use of the internet among Chinese adolescents: The Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11).

BACKGROUND: Problematic use of the internet (PUI) is prevalent, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Given the limited measures to assess specific types of PUI, which encompasses a broad spectrum of activities such as online gaming, social media use, pornography use, shopping, gambling, and web-streaming, Muller et al. (2022) developed the Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) to comprehensively assess different types of PUI (i.e., gaming, shopping, social media use, gambling, and pornography use). The present study aimed to validate the Chinese ACSID-11 among adolescents incorporating cross-cultural adaptations. METHODS: Using forward-backward translation method, a culturally adapted version of the ACSID-11 was prepared. Then, a cross-sectional online survey was administered between September 8 and September 26, 2023. Adolescents, using a convenience sample (N = 11,492; mean age = 16.42 years [SD ± 0.91]; 59.1% male), were recruited from six schools to complete the translated ACSID-11, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and Smartphone Application Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) via an online platform. Pearson correlation coefficients assessed convergent/discriminant validity. Factor structure and measurement invariance were examined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group CFA. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega tested internal consistency. RESULTS: Associations between the ACSID-11 components and other scales supported convergent validity (i.e., ACSID-11 gaming scale with IGDS9-SF [0.37 ≤ r ≤ 0.41]; social networks use scale with BSMAS [0.24 ≤ r ≤ 0.31]) and discriminant validity (i.e., online gambling scale with BSMAS [0.16 ≤ r ≤ 0.19] and with SABAS [0.11 ≤ r ≤ 0.13]). A four-factor solution indicated good fit with comparative fit index (CFI) ranging from 0.982 to 0.958. The ACSID-11 was measurement invariant across sexes (∆CFI = -0.001 to 0.000) and different levels of related addictive behaviors (∆CFI = -0.001 to 0.000). Both Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega (0.63 to 0.97) were acceptable for both frequency and intensity of responses. CONCLUSIONS: The ACSID-11 is an appropriate scale to assess different kinds of PUI among Chinese adolescents and students. Psychometric assessment of the measure in other cultures and among clinical samples is recommended.

Evaluating the factor structure and measurement invariance of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale across multiple countries, languages, and gender identities.

The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Model and the various psychometric instruments developed and validated based on this model are well established in clinical and research settings. However, evidence regarding the psychometric validity, reliability, and equivalence across multiple countries of residence, languages, or gender identities, including gender-diverse individuals, is lacking to date. Using data from the International Sex Survey (N = 82,243), confirmatory factor analyses and measurement invariance analyses were performed on the preestablished five-factor structure of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale to examine whether (a) psychometric validity and reliability and (b) psychometric equivalence hold across 34 country-of-residence-related, 22 language-related, and three gender-identity-related groups. The results of the present study extend the latter psychometric instrument's well-established relevance to 26 countries, 13 languages, and three gender identities. Most notably, psychometric validity and reliability were evidenced across nine novel translations included in the present study (i.e., Croatian, English, German, Hebrew, Korean, Macedonian, Polish, Portuguese-Portugal, and Spanish-Latin American) and psychometric equivalence was evidenced across all three gender identities included in the present study (i.e., women, men, and gender-diverse individuals).

Involvement of dopamine D3 receptor in impulsive choice decision-making in male rats.

Impulsive decision-making has been linked to impulse control disorders and substance use disorders. However, the neural mechanisms underlying impulsive choice are not fully understood. While previous PET imaging and autoradiography studies have shown involvement of dopamine and D2/3 receptors in impulsive behavior, the roles of distinct D1, D2, and D3 receptors in impulsive decision-making remain unclear. In this study, we used a food reward delay-discounting task (DDT) to identify low- and high-impulsive rats, in which low-impulsive rats exhibited preference for large delayed reward over small immediate rewards, while high-impulsive rats showed the opposite preference. We then examined D1, D2, and D3 receptor gene expression using RNAscope in situ hybridization assays. We found that high-impulsive male rats exhibited lower levels of D2 and D3, and particularly D3, receptor expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), with no significant changes in the insular, prelimbic, and infralimbic cortices. Based on these findings, we further explored the role of the D3 receptor in impulsive decision-making. Systemic administration of a selective D3 receptor agonist (FOB02-04) significantly reduced impulsive choices in high-impulsive rats but had no effects in low-impulsive rats. Conversely, a selective D3 receptor antagonist (VK4-116) produced increased both impulsive and omission choices in both groups of rats. These findings suggest that impulsive decision-making is associated with a reduction in D3 receptor expression in the NAc. Selective D3 receptor agonists, but not antagonists, may hold therapeutic potentials for mitigating impulsivity in high-impulsive subjects.

Identity Formation in Individuals between 16 and 25 Years Old with Borderline Personality Disorder.

Background/Objectives: Identity disruption is a key feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD), characterized by disturbances in self-image. This study aimed to use the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS) in a population aged 16-25, to assess differences in identity status and correlations with BPD features as well as whether a correlation exists between the BPD features, the scores obtained on the DIDS and the scores of the different dimensions of this disorder. Methods: We analyzed data from 132 individuals: 44 with BPD using the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline-Revised (DIB-R). Statistical analyses included quantile regression to determine the differences in the DIDS after adjusting for confounding factors identified during group comparisons and Spearman correlation between the DIDS, the BPD features and the DIB-R. Results: Results indicated significantly lower DIDS scores in the BPD group, particularly in commitment making, exploration breadth (EB), identity with commitment (IM) and ruminative exploration (RE). After adjusting, only EB differs significantly between the two groups. All dimensions of the DIDS except for the exploration in depth (ED) are correlated with BPD features. Significant correlations could be demonstrated between cognitive dimension and ED, between the total DIDS and the number of suicide attempt (SA) and between the IM and the number of SA. Conclusions: Our clinical sample showed distinct identity formation compared to controls, with a lower EB associated with BPD. RE correlated with BPD, suggesting that the individuals engage in repetitive exploratory processes. SA was negatively associated with overall identity development and commitment, indicating impulsive behaviors in BPD intersect with identity struggles.

The dynamics and control of a multi-lingual rumor propagation model with non-smooth inhibition mechanism.

In this paper, the dynamic behaviors and control strategies of a rumor propagation model are studied in multi-lingual environment. First, an S2E2I2R rumor propagation model is proposed, which incorporates a non-smooth inhibition mechanism. Meanwhile, the existence and stability of the equilibrium are analyzed, grounded in the spreader threshold of the government intervention. Finally, the optimal control and the event-triggered impulsive control strategies are proposed to mitigate the spread of rumors, and the comparison of their effectiveness is further presented by the numerical simulation and a practical case.

Machine-learning based detection of marine mammal vocalizations in snapping-shrimp dominated ambient noise.

Passive acoustics is an effective method for monitoring marine mammals, facilitating both detection and population estimation. In warm tropical waters, this technique encounters challenges due to the high persistent level of ambient impulsive noise originating from the snapping shrimp present throughout this region. This study presents the development and application of a neural-network based detector for marine-mammal vocalizations in long term acoustic data recorded by us at ten locations in Singapore waters. The detector's performance is observed to be impeded by the high shrimp noise activity. To counteract this, we investigate several techniques to improve detection capabilities in shrimp noise including the use of simple nonlinear denoisers and a machine-learning based denoiser. These are shown to enhance the detection performance significantly. Finally, we discuss some of the vocalizations detected over three years of our acoustic recorder deployments using the robust detectors developed.

Behavioral and neuronal extracellular vesicle biomarkers associated with nicotine's enhancement of the reinforcing strength of cocaine in female and male monkeys.

While the majority of people with cocaine use disorders (CUD) also co-use tobacco/nicotine, most preclinical cocaine research does not include nicotine. The present study examined nicotine and cocaine co-use under several conditions of intravenous drug self-administration in monkeys, as well as potential peripheral biomarkers associated with co-use. In Experiment 1, male rhesus monkeys (N = 3) self-administered cocaine (0.001-0.1 mg/kg/injection) alone and with nicotine (0.01-0.03 mg/kg/injection) under a progressive-ratio schedule of reinforcement. When nicotine was added to cocaine, there was a significant leftward/upward shift in the number of injections received. In Experiment 2, socially housed female and male cynomolgus monkeys (N = 14) self-administered cocaine under a concurrent drug-vs-food choice schedule of reinforcement. Adding nicotine to the cocaine solution shifted the cocaine dose-response curves to the left, with more robust shifts noted in the female animals. There was no evidence of social rank differences. To assess reinforcing strength, delays were added to the presentation of drug; the co-use of nicotine and cocaine required significantly longer delays to decrease drug choice, compared with cocaine alone. Blood samples obtained post-session were used to analyze concentrations of neuronally derived small extracellular vesicles (NDE); significant differences in NDE profile were observed for kappa-opioid receptors when nicotine and cocaine were co-used compared with each drug alone and controls. These results suggest that drug interactions involving the co-use of nicotine and cocaine are not simply changing potency, but rather resulting in changes in reinforcing strength that should be utilized to better understand the neuropharmacology of CUD and the evaluation of potential treatments.

Validation of the German long and short versions of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale.

OBJECTIVE: The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale is a widely used self-report measure of impulsivity, but there is currently no validated German version that includes the Positive Urgency scale. METHODS: We combined existing German translations of UPPS scales and included the Positive Urgency dimension to validate the UPPS-P in a sample of 399 participants. In addition, we developed a revised short version of the UPPS-P (SUPPS-P) with 20 items and conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to verify the structure in an independent validation sample with 349 participants. To determine evidence of convergent and discriminant validity, we used measures of impulsivity, depression, anxiety, stress, problematic alcohol and substance use. RESULTS: CFA of the five factorial structure of the UPPS-P demonstrated acceptable fits and evidence of validity and reliability for the subscales. Psychometric characteristics of the SUPPS-P using the original item configuration were not satisfactory. As a result, we developed a revised German version of the SUPPS-P and confirmed the five-factor structure using a CFA in the validation sample. For the revised version, model fits and evidence of validity and internal consistencies were good. Associations with other constructs were as expected. For example, whereas Sensation Seeking was associated moderately with problematic alcohol use, lacking associations of Lack of Premeditation to internalizing symptoms showed evidence of discriminant validity. DISCUSSION: The German translations of both UPPS-P and SUPPS-P are valid tools for measuring impulsive behaviors. They are well-suited for exploring the associations between different facets of impulsivity and psychopathological phenomena.

Does Childhood Trauma Predict Impulsive Spending in Later Life? An Analysis of the Mediating Roles of Impulsivity and Emotion Regulation.

We sought to investigate whether adverse childhood experiences increase impulsive spending in later life, and whether emotion dysregulation and impulsivity mediate this association. Limited research has examined associations between these factors, and examining the mechanisms involved may inform interventions for impulsive spending. This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design including 189 adult participants who completed an online survey assessing childhood trauma, adverse childhood experiences, impulsive spending, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation. Greater adverse childhood experiences and childhood trauma were positively correlated with impulsive spending, as well as general impulsivity and emotion dysregulation. Mediation analyses indicated that emotion dysregulation and greater impulsivity accounted for the positive relationship between childhood trauma and impulse spending. Adverse childhood experiences and childhood trauma are associated with increased risk of impulse spending in adulthood via elevated general impulsivity and emotion dysregulation.

Analysis of writing in personality disorders in prison population.

Abstract: Writing involves the activation of different processing modes than reading comprehension, and therefore the level of activation varies depending on the moment and the task. Objectives: to analyze the profiles in terms of the proposed coding from the PROESC in terms of personality disorders [Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) with drugs possession and consumption crimes (DPCC) and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)] with gender violence crimes (GVC) in the prisoners. Design: The sample was composed of 194 men. The participants were divided into two groups. Group 1 (ASPD; DPCC) consisted of 81 men, and Group 2 (OCPD; GVC) consisted of 113 men. Main outcome measures: They completed the Demographic, Offense, and Behavioral Interview in Institutions, the International Personality Disorders Examination (IPDE), and Writing Processes Evaluation Battery (PROESC). Results: Group 2 made more mistake than Group 1 in narratives tasks. Conclusion: Participants know phoneme-grapheme correspondence rules, language disturbances of a reiterative and persistent nature may appear in those who show compulsive behavior.