Intellectual assessment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using deep resemble forward neural network.

ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) is a neurodegenerative disorder causing profound physical disability that severely impairs a patient's life expectancy and quality of life. It also leads to muscular atrophy and progressive weakness of muscles due to insufficient nutrition in the body. At present, there are no disease-modifying therapies to cure ALS, and there is a lack of preventive tools. The general clinical assessments are based on symptom reports, neurophysiological tests, neurological examinations, and neuroimaging. But, these techniques possess various limitations of low reliability, lack of standardized protocols, and lack of sensitivity, especially in the early stages of disease. So, effective methods are required to detect the progression of the disease and minimize the suffering of patients. Extensive studies concentrated on investigating the causes of neurological disease, which creates a barrier to precise identification and classification of genes accompanied with ALS disease. Hence, the proposed system implements a deep RSFFNNCNN (Resemble Single Feed Forward Neural Network-Convolutional Neural Network) algorithm to effectively classify the clinical associations of ALS. It involves the addition of custom weights to the kernel initializer and neutralizer 'k' parameter to each hidden layer in the network. This is done to increase the stability and learning ability of the classifier. Additionally, the comparison of the proposed approach is performed with SFNN (Single Feed NN) and ML (Machine Learning) based algorithms, namely, NB (Naïve Bayes), XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting) and RF (Random Forest), to estimate the efficacy of the proposed model. The reliability of the proposed algorithm is measured by deploying performance metrics such as precision, recall, F1 score, and accuracy.

[Antidepressants in psychiatric practice]. / Antidepressanty v psikhiatricheskoi praktike.

The choice of antidepressants for depression or neurotic disorder is analyzed in the article. Drugs of the group of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are used for various mental disorders more often than other antidepressants according to clinical recommendations. Drugs of other groups (selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, tetracyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors) are used when the effectiveness of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is insufficient or the severity of the mental disorder is significant. The duration of therapy, if well tolerated, can range from several months to many years. Antidepressants from Canonpharma Production are successfully used in clinical practice: Sertraline Canon, Fluoxetine Canon, Escitalopram Canon, Duloxetine Canon, Mirtazapine Canon, Agomelatine Canon. These drugs have different mechanisms of action. They are used for various depression and other mental disorders. All antidepressants from Canonpharma Production have been tested for bioequivalence to the original drugs. This fact increases confidence in these medicines. Some features of the use of these antidepressants based on clinical recommendations and personal experience are discussed in the article.

Climatic and meteorological exposure and mental and behavioral health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

As climate change exerts wide ranging health impacts, there is a surge of interest in the associations between climatic factors and mental and behavioral disorders (MBDs). Existing quantitative syntheses focus mainly on heat and high temperature exposure, neglecting the effects of other climatic factors and their synergies. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence of associations between climatic exposure and combined mental and behavioral health conditions and specific mental disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, dementia). A systematic search was conducted April 11-16, 2022 using Web of Science, Medline, ProQuest, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Environment Complete. Screening and eligibility screening followed inclusion criteria based on population, exposure, comparator, and outcome guidelines. Risk of bias assessment was performed, a narrative synthesis was first presented for all studies, and random-effect meta-analyses were performed when at least three studies were available for a specific exposure-outcome pair. Certainty of evidence was evaluated following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. The search process yielded 7696 initial results, from which we identified 88 studies to include in the review set. Climatic factors reported included air temperature, solar radiation/sunshine, barometric pressure, precipitation, relative humidity, wind direction/speed, and thermal index. Outcomes including MBD incidences (e.g., schizophrenia, mood disorders, neurotic disorders), mental health-related mortality, and self-reported psychological states. Meta-analysis showed that heatwaves (pooled RR = 1.05, 95 % CI = 1.02-1.08) and extreme high temperatures (99th percentile: pooled RR = 1.18, 95 % CI = 1.08-1.29) were associated with higher risk of MBD. Cold extremes, however, were not associated with MBD risk. The findings further identified an association between increases in a thermal index (i.e., apparent temperature) and elevated risk of MBD (pooled RR = 1.06, 95 % CI = 1.03-1.12); specifically, a 99th percentile high temperature was associated with increased schizophrenia risk (pooled RR = 1.07, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.12). Risk of bias assessment showed most studies to have low or moderately low risks, while a few studies were rated probably high in confounding, selection bias, outcome measurement, and reporting bias. GRADE evaluation revealed moderate certainty of evidence on thermal comfort index and MBD, but low certainty related to air temperature or sunshine duration. These findings call attention to the heterogeneity of exposure measures and the utility of thermal indices that consider the synergistic effects of meteorological factors. Methodological concerns such as the linearity assumption and cumulative effects are discussed.

Suicidal Ideation in Iraqi Medical Students Based on Research Using PHQ-9 and SSI-C.

Suicidal ideation is a spectrum of contemplations, wishes, and preoccupations with suicide. Its prevalence is ambiguous in Iraq, especially among the youth. We aim to survey the prevalence of suicidal ideation among Iraqi students and explore its risk factors. We surveyed Iraqi undergraduate medical students (n = 496) using two psychometric tools, the PHQ-9 and Beck's SSI-C. We also explored potential risk factors, including the students' attributes, socio-demographics, and history of mental illnesses. The current study included males (23.8%) and females (76.2%) in their early twenties (21.73 ± 0.11). Concerning PHQ-9 and SSI-C, most students had either moderate (28%) or mild depression (27.8%), while those with suicidal ideation accounted for an alarming 64.9%. The strongest association existed between the SSI-C and PHQ-9 scores (p = 0.001, OR = 4.70). Other associations existed with the personal history of mental illness (p < 0.001, OR = 2.87) and the family history of suicidality (p = 0.006, OR = 2.28). Path analysis highlighted four suicidal ideation predictors, including the PHQ-9 score (standardized estimate = 0.41, p < 0.001), personal history of mental illness (0.16, p < 0.001), previous psychiatric consultation (0.12, p = 0.002), and family history of suicidality (0.11, p = 0.005). Suicidal ideation is highly prevalent among Iraqi students. Univariable testing, multivariable analyses, and structural modeling yielded congruent results. The students' inherent rather than inherited attributes influenced the phenomenon the most, which is in harmony with Durkheim's theory on the social roots of suicide. We encourage psychiatrists and psychology counselors to be vigilant concerning these risk factors among potential suicidal ideation victims.

Clinical study on the treatment of gastrointestinal neurosis with insomnia by combination of "stomach ten acupuncture" and domperidone tablets / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To study on the effect of "stomach ten acupuncture" combined with domperidone tablets on clinical symptoms and sleep quality of gastrointestinal neurosis patients with insomnia based on the theory of "stomach harmonious leading to restless".Methods:Randomized controlled trial. From March 2020 to March 2021, 98 patients with gastrointestinal neurosis and insomnia in our hospital who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups, with 49 patients in each group. The control group took domperidone tablets orally, and the observation group was treated with "stomach ten acupuncture" on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. Before and after treatment, TCM syndromes were scored, the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms was assessed with Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), anxiety and depression were assessed with Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and sleep quality was assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI).Results:After treatment, the scores and total scores of epigastric pain, belching, abdominal distension, anorexia, noisy acid regurgitation, tiredness and asthenia, constipation and loose stools in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 19.61, 19.30, 23.10, 22.05, 20.43, 21.81, 20.51, 16.38, respectively, P<0.01); the scores and total scores of typical symptoms, abdominal pain symptoms, reflux symptoms, diarrhea symptoms, constipation symptoms were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 10.10, 11.14, 11.04, 9.31, 11.24, 5.30, respectively, P<0.01); HAMA and HAMD scores were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 6.96 and 6.85, respectively, P<0.01). The scores of time to fall asleep (1.15 ± 0.56 vs. 2.11 ± 0.75, t=7.18), time to sleep (0.92 ± 0.63 vs. 1.52 ± 1.12, t=3.27), sleep quality (1.02 ± 0.66 vs. 1.96 ± 0.80, t=6.35), sleep efficiency (0.86 ± 0.62 vs. 1.68 ± 0.85, t=5.46), sleep disorders (0.92 ± 0.36 vs. 1.48 ± 0.55, t=5.96), daytime dysfunction (0.96 ± 0.42 vs. 1.97 ± 0.87, t=7.32), hypnotics (0.98 ± 0.45 vs. 1.81 ± 0.62, t=7.58) and total scores (6.85 ± 1.47 vs. 12.73 ± 2.95, t=12.49) were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The "stomach ten acupuncture" combined with domperidone tablets can improve the clinical symptoms and sleep quality of gastrointestinal neurosis patients with insomnia.

Peculiarities of personality adaption to psychological traumas in neurotic disorders.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: It is known that anticipatory processes play a leading role in the regulation of behavior. These processes act as a leading mechanism of the link in the mental regulation of behavior and activity. Violation of processes anticipates to a mismatch in the work of the adaption system, and, as a result, to maladaptive behavior. However, many issues related to the detection of anticipation disorders in various manifestations of diseases have been insufficiently studied. The features of individual prognosis depending on diseases are studied here. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of the work, 29 people were examined, of which 25 (86.2%) were women and 4 (13.8%) were men with a diagnosis of "adaptive reaction disorder" from the ICD-10 section "Neurotic and stress-related disorders" (F43.2) at the age of 20-65 years. Clinical-psychopathological and experimental-psychological research methods were applied (V.D. Mendelevich's test of anticipation, L.A. Regush's "Ability to predict" test, Lazarus' coping test, clinical questionnaire for the identification and evaluation of neurotic states). Statistical analysis was carried out using the program "IBM SPSS Statistics 25." The Shapiro-Wilk criterion, Pearson's chi-squared test, Fisher's exact criterion, Student's t-criterion, Mann-Whitney U criterion, Kruskal-Wallis H criterion, Pearson correlation, Spearman's correlation, and diagrams (columnar and span) were used. RESULTS: The presence of solvency in general anticipation reduced the severity of coping strategies «distancing¼ (P = 0.048, r = -0.371) and «escape - avoiding¼ (P = 0.048, r = -0.370), also personal-situational anticipatory consistency reduced severity of «escape - avoiding¼ (P = 0.017, r = -0.438). CONCLUSION: The anticipatory abilities and coping strategies in disorder of adaptive reactions were correlated. Patients with developed anticipation abilities are less likely to use no constructive coping strategies.

Sleep dissatisfaction is a potential marker for nomophobia in adults.

INTRODUCTION: NOMOPHOBIA is a term used to describe an anxiety disorder in which people fear being disconnected from their mobile phones. Strong associations between nomophobia and insomnia have previously been documented. However, there is no clear explanation for this relationship between the two disorders. The present study was designed to first determine the diagnostic precision of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) various components in detecting or classifying nomophobia; and second, examine the diagnostic performance of the identified ISI components in classifying nomophobia. METHODS: From a previous study 549 participants completed demographic information, the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), and the ISI. The sample was divided into two parts so that each part represented the original sample, using a 40% (n = 209) allocation for sample 1 and 60% (n = 340) for sample 2. To determine common components between nomophobia and insomnia, an exploratory factor analysis was performed using sample 1 to determine the diagnostic precision of the ISI's various components in detecting or classifying nomophobia. A test of the ISI and a cut-off value (ISI-4 ≥2) was then conducted on Sample 2 to determine whether they would accurately identify significant nomophobia. RESULTS: Sleep dissatisfaction was a common component of insomnia and nomophobia. Sleep dissatisfaction had excellent diagnostic accuracy in detecting individuals with nomophobia (sensitivity 75.13%, specificity 100%, Youden' index 0.75, area under curve 0.88). CONCLUSION: Questioning patients sleep dissatisfaction may serve as a marker for both nomophobia and insomnia, both of which may demand more comprehensive evaluation.

[Experience of Teraligen usage in pediatric psychiatry]. / Opyt primeneniya Teralidzhena v psikhiatrii detskogo vozrasta.

The data of studies on the use of Teraligen in various fields of clinical medicine - neurology, dermatology, gastroenterology, anesthesiology and psychiatry are presented. According to studies conducted in psychiatry, Teraligen is a drug for the balanced treatment of anxiety-phobic, behavioral and sleep disorders in children, both within neurotic conditions and in the structure of autistic and schizophrenic spectrum disorders. Based on 100 case histories of children aged 3 to 16 years, the experience of using Teraligen as part of mono- and combination therapy at a dosage of 1.25 mg to 50 mg/day in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders (n=31), psychotic disorders (n=18), schizotypal disorders (n=41), behavioral and emotional disorders on residual organic soil (n=10). A good clinical effect of Teraligen has been shown in anxiety-phobic, affective, somatovegetative disorders and sleep disorders in all identified nosologies. Good tolerability of Teraligen, the possibility of its use as part of complex therapy and the almost complete absence of adverse events, indicating the softness and balance of the drug were noted.

[Efficacy and safety studies review of Teraligen usage in psychiatric practice and general medicine]. / Obzor issledovanii effektivnosti i bezopasnosti primeneniya preparata Teralidzhen v psikhiatricheskoi praktike i obshchei meditsine.

OBJECTIVE: Determination of the dose-dependent effect of the Teraligen for various nosological forms of disorders in psychiatric practice and general medicine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of 98 publications included in the database of the RISC (2012-2021) with the identification of disorders (according to ICD-10) in which Teraligen is prescribed or can be used (in adults and children from the age of 7). RESULTS: Despite a rather long and successful history use, research work on the study drug Teraligen continues. Currently Teraligen is widely and actively used by doctors of various specialties in the psychiatry, neurology, pediatrics, gerontology, internal medicine, gastroenterology, gynecology, cardiology, endocrinology and other disciplines. The drug is presented in several release forms: Teraligen 5 mg tablets; Teraligen retard 20 mg; Teraligen solution for intravenous injections. Teraligen is characterized by the following psychotropic effects: anxiolytic (++ - a distinct, moderately pronounced effect); sedative (++); hypnotic (++); antidepressant (+ - the effect is distinct, but expressed slightly and does not determine the drug main prescriptions spectrum); antipsychotic (± - the effect is weakly expressed and clinically insignificant when using conventional (5-80 mg/day) drug dosages). CONCLUSION: According to the authors, the main effect of the «small¼ neuroleptic/antipsychotic Alimemazine (Teraligen ) is primarily aimed at pathological anxiety and affective instability. Its use is possible in various age groups, as it has a fairly high safety. In addition, like other «small¼ neuroleptics/antipsychotics with a predominantly sedative effect, the drug can be used to correct neuroleptics-prolongs side effects with dominant manifestations in the form of anxiety, irritability and insomnia.

Mood and neurotic disorders among youth with prenatal substance exposure: A longitudinal register-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Prenatal substance exposure is associated with mood and neurotic disorders but this association is complex and understudied. This study investigated the recorded use of specialised healthcare services for mood and neurotic disorders among youth with prenatal substance exposure in comparison with an unexposed matched cohort. Furthermore, the influence of adverse maternal characteristics and out-of-home care (OHC) is investigated. METHODS: This longitudinal register-based matched cohort study included 594 exposed and 1735 unexposed youth. Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to study the first episode of mood and neurotic disorders in specialised healthcare from 13 years of age, and the influence of adverse maternal characteristics and OHC. Mediation analysis was applied to study the mediating effect of OHC on the association between prenatal substance exposure and the disorders. RESULTS: The exposed cohort had a two-fold higher likelihood of being treated at specialised healthcare for mood and neurotic disorders compared with the unexposed cohort (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.86-2.95), but this difference was attenuated to non-significant levels (AHR 1.29, 95% CI 0.92-1.81) following adjustments with adverse maternal characteristics and OHC. OHC mediated 61% (95% CI 0.41-0.94) of the association between prenatal substance exposure and youth's mood and neurotic disorders. LIMITATIONS: Register data likely include more severe cases of disorders, and as an observational study, causality cannot be assessed. CONCLUSION: Mood and neurotic disorders are more common following prenatal exposure to substances and interlinked with significant adversities in the postnatal caregiving environment and OHC.

Time in the Mental Health Context: Neurotic Symptomatology, Defense Mechanisms and the Perception of Time Perspective Among Patients Diagnosed With Neurotic and Personality Disorders - A Clinical Study.

AIM: The main objective of the study is to explore relations between the time perspective, neurotic symptoms, anxiety, and defense mechanisms in the group of patients diagnosed with neurotic and personality disorders (ICD-10 groups: F4x, F60.x and F61) treated with group psychotherapy. The research is conducted on the theoretical basis of the Zimbardo and Boyd's Time Perspective Theory. METHODS: The study included 49 patients treated in the day ward for the Treatment of Neurotic Disorders and Behavioral Syndromes at the University Hospital. The measurement of the TP was performed with the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Patients also completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Defense Style Questionnaire 40. The diagnosis was done by licensed psychiatrists and supported with the measures: Symptom Checklist KO"O", Neurotic Personality Questionnaire KON-2006. RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis models showed that the four time perspectives (past negative, present fatalistic, present hedonistic, and future) are predicted in different variations by the level of anxiety state or trait and repertoire of used defense mechanisms (immature or mature). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the established bilateral correlations, change in the time perspective may constitute an important factor in the reduction of neurotic symptoms, possibly through changes in the repertoire of utilized defense mechanisms. However, there is also possible that altering neurotic symptomatology would alter time perspective. The assessment of the time perspective in patients with neurotic and personality disorders may provide useful data for the diagnosis and the monitoring of psychotherapy effectiveness. Based on the results of this study conducting further research on the role of the changes in the time perspective in the course of psychotherapy is recommended and necessary to expand the understanding of the relations observed in this study.

Neurotic symptoms profile in a day hospital patients with an anamnesis of head injury in the past. / Profil objawów nerwicowych u pacjentów dziennego oddzialu leczenia zaburzen nerwicowych z historia urazów glowy.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the occurrence of brain damage and symptoms of neurotic disorders, reported by patients of the psychotherapeutic day hospital for neurotic and personality disorders before starting treatment. METHODS: Analysis of the cooccurrence of neurotic symptoms with previous head or brain tissue damage. The trauma was reported in a structured interview (Life Questionnaire) completed before treatment in the day hospital for neurotic disorders. Illustrated with OR coefficients (odds ratios), the performed regression analyzes showed statistically significant correlations between brain damage (caused by brain trauma, stroke, etc.) and symptoms listed in the symptom checklist KO"0". RESULTS: In a group of 2,582 women and 1,347 men, some of respondents reported (in the self-completed Life Questionnaire) a previous head or brain injury. Men reported a history of trauma much more often than women (20.2% vs. 12.2%; p < 0.0005). Patients who had a history of head trauma obtained a significantly higher value of the global severity of neurotic symptoms (OWK) in the symptom checklist KO "0" than patients without head trauma. This applied to both the male and female groups. Regression analyzes showed a significant relationship between head injuries and the group of anxiety and somatoform symptoms. In both groups (men and women), ?paraneurological', dissociative, derealization, and anxiety symptoms occurred more frequently. Men more often reported difficulties in controlling the expression of emotions, muscle cramps and tension, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, skin and allergic symptoms, and symptoms of depressive disorders. Women more often reported vomiting when feeling nervous. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with a history of head injuries have a higher global severity of neurotic disorders symptoms than people without such history. Men experience head injuries more often than women, and the risk of developing symptoms of neurotic disorders is higher in men. It seems that patients with head injuries are a special group when it comes to reporting some psychopathological symptoms, especially in the group of men.

Experiencia de trabajo mediante psicogrupo WhatsApp en pacientes con trastornos neuróticos y sus familiares en tiempos de COVID19 / The Patients whit neurotic disorders in time of Covid19. An experience of work psicogroup of WhatsApp

RESUMEN Fundamento: Cuba y el mundo han sufrido en los últimos meses una situación sanitaria difícil, producto de la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus. La ciencia psicológica pasó a jugar papel primordial ante esta emergencia, al ofrecer primeros auxilios y acompañamiento psicológico. Objetivo: describir los resultados de la aplicación de una modalidad de ayuda psicológica virtual para pacientes con trastornos neuróticos y sus familiares. Métodos: estudio cuanti-cualitativo, realizado en el período abril-agosto 2020. Se incluyeron 28 personas que dieron consentimiento para participar y contaban con recursos tecnológicos: 22 pacientes pertenecientes al Hospital Psiquiátrico de la provincia de Cienfuegos y 6 familiares. Estuvo dirigido por psicólogas y psiquiatra. Se efectuó una modalidad de ayuda psicológica virtual utilizando un grupo WhatsApp. Resultados: los participantes demostraron dominio de recursos psicológicos y psicoterapéuticos aprendidos, así como los aportados durante el tiempo de trabajo. La experiencia fue bien recibida y considerada como útil, beneficiosa; la calificaron como excelente modalidad para la atención psicológica. Superaron sintomatologías emocionales negativas relacionadas con la pandemia y hubo enriquecimiento de los recursos, interacción positiva grupal y familiar ante confinamiento y habilidades en el manejo de la tecnología. Conclusiones: como nueva modalidad de ayuda psicológica, resultó una experiencia de trabajo oportuna y necesaria ante la emergencia sanitaria, demostrando ser efectiva como herramienta de trabajo de psicólogos y psiquiatras en la atención psicológica.

ABSTRACT Background: Cuba and the world have suffered in recent months a health situation as a result of the new coronavirus pandemic. Psychological science began to play a key role in the health emergency, by offering first aid and psychological support. Objective: to describe the virtual psychological help modality application results for patients with neurotic disorders and their families. Methods: quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, carried out in the period April-August 2020. 28 people who gave consent to participate and had technological resources were included: 22 patients belonging to the Cienfuegos Psychiatric Hospital and 6 relatives. It was guided by psychologists and a psychiatrist. A modality of virtual psychological help was carried out using a WhatsApp group. Results: the participants demonstrated knowledge of learned psychological and psychotherapeutic resources, as well as those provided during work time. The experience was well received and considered useful, beneficial; they rated it as an excellent modality for psychological care. They overcame negative emotional symptoms related to the pandemic and there was enrichment of resources, positive group and family interaction in confinement and skills in the management of technology. Conclusions: as a new modality of psychological help, it was a timely and necessary work experience in the health emergency, proving to be effective as a work tool for psychologists and psychiatrists in psychological care.

Shift work and incidence of psychiatric disorders: The Danish Nurse Cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Research on health effects of shift work has especially focused on somatic diseases, such as breast cancer and cardiometabolic disease, while less attention has been given to the association between shift work and mental health. METHODS: We used information on 19 964 female nurses (≥44 years) from the Danish Nurse Cohort, who reported current work schedule (day, evening, night, or rotating) at recruitment (1993/1999). In 5102 nurses who participated in both cohort waves, we defined persistent night shift work as working night shift in 1993 and 1999. We used Cox regression models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for relevant confounders. Through linkage of cohort participants to national registers, we defined incidence of mood and neurotic disorders as first hospital contact or redeemed prescription until November 2018. RESULTS: We found association between night shift work with mood disorders (HR = 1.31; 95%CI = 1.17-1.47) and neurotic disorders (1.29; 1.17-1.42), compared to day work. Associations were enhanced in nurses with persistent night shift work (1.85; 1.43-2.39 and 1.62; 1.26-2.09 for mood and neurotic disorders, respectively) and in nurses with specialist confirmed mood (1.69; 1.24-2.29) and neurotic (1.72; 1.22-2.44) disorders. Nurses with preexisting psychiatric disorders and full-time work seemed most susceptible. CONCLUSIONS: Night shift work is associated with increased risk of major psychiatric disorders. The novel suggestive findings of vulnerable groups, including nurses with a history of psychiatric disorders and full-time workers, are based on a limited number of cases, and further research is needed to confirm the results.

[The severity of neurotic disorders and social masochism in chemical addicts]. / Vyrazhennost' nevroticheskikh rasstroistv i sotsial'nogo mazokhizma u bol'nykh s khimicheskoi addiktsiei.

OBJECTIVE: To study symptoms of neurotic disorders and social masochism in chemical addicts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty outpatients of the Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Addiction Dispensary were studied. Corresponding scales and questionnaires, along with a social masochism questionnaire developed by the authors, were used. Results were compared to those of 25 healthy people. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A significantly higher level (p≤0.05) of the following neurotic disorders: sleep disturbances, hysterical neurotic disorder, anxious neurotic disorder, social maladaptation and depressive neurotic disorder as well as a subclinical level of anxiety and depression were observed in chemical addicts. Moreover, patients with chemical dependence revealed significantly higher (p≤0.05) indicators of aggression, victim behavior and social masochism (different types of aggression, victimization, irritability, negativism, resentment, guilt, self-harming behavior, hypersocial behavior, provoking and uncritical behavior, the role of the victim, negative perception and a general indicator of social masochism). The correlations between indicators of the affective sphere, manifestations of social masochism and neurotic disorders in individuals with chemical dependence were identified.

[The impact of the ones sexuality and autonomy awareness on the insomnia severity in patients with anxiety neurotic disorders]. / Vliyanie vospriyatiya sobstvennoi seksual'nosti i avtonomnosti na vyrazhennost' insomnii u patsientov s trevozhnymi rasstroistvami nevroticheskogo urovnya.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an impact of perception of ones sexuality and autonomy on the level of insomnia in patients with neurotic/anxiety disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample included 123 (93 women and 30 men) patients with neurotic/anxiety disorders (F40, F41, F43, F45) in the age from 25 to 50 years old, anxiety was the main syndrome in the clinical structure of the disorder. Test battery included Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index for the subjective sleep quality evaluation, Insomnia Severity index for stratification of patients into groups with different insomnia level. Anxiety was evaluated with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Personality traits, sexuality and sovereignty of psychological space were assessed with the G. Ammon Ego-structure test and the Sovereignty of the individual psychological space questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to study the interrelationship between insomnia severity and psychological characteristics. Insomnia severity index was chosen as the dependent variable. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: An analysis of the regression model has shown the increase in insomnia index with the simultaneous augmentation of the following scales «Physical body sovereignty¼, «Sovereignty of objects¼, «Destructive aggression¼, «Deficient aggression¼, «Constructive narcissism¼, and decrease of the scales «Territory sovereignty¼, «Deficient narcissism¼, «Constructive sexuality¼. The study results imply the importance of the use of the level of sexual functioning and autonomy as the marker of identity maturity for psychotherapeutic targets in the treatment of neurotic/anxiety disorders. The use of anxiety and insomnia as the main complaints can be explained by its societal approval and need further active evaluation by the specialist for the successful psychotherapeutic treatment.

Abnormal cortisol awakening responses in patients with neurotic and personality disorders admitted for psychotherapy in day hospital.

Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) has been associated with various psychiatric conditions. The most interesting parameter of the HPA axis function is cortisol awakening response (CAR). Few data exist about the CAR in anxiety or personality disorders and findings are often contradictory showing blunted or increased CAR compared with control groups. The goal of this study was to determine whether patients with neurotic and personality disorders show a specific CAR pattern. The study population comprised 130 patients, mainly females (71.5%), with the primary diagnosis of a neurotic disorder or personality disorder according to ICD-10 admitted for psychotherapy in a day hospital. Pre-treatment cortisol levels were measured in three saliva samples collected in one day. The Symptom Checklist "O" and MMPI-2 were used to assess the pre-treatment levels of patients' symptoms and personality traits. The study revealed a high percentage of CAR non-responders (cortisol increase of less than 2.5 nmol/l) in the study group (43.1%), particularly in females. 49% of them were CAR non-responders compared with 28% in males and 25% in the general population, respectively. CAR non-responders did not differ from the remainder in clinical characteristics. Four different CAR patterns were found in the study group: negative (26.9%), blunted (26.1%), normal (25.4%) and elevated (21.6%) as well as a particular type was not related to clinical characteristics of the patients. The study suggests that abnormal CAR types are observed in patients with neurotic and personality disorders and further research into the mechanism of the findings is required.

The psychological research of the dominant configuration models of marital relationships of a women with neurotic disorders.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study the psychological peculiarities of relationships in families of women with neurotic disorders. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 30 women who received treatment in the neurotic unit of the A.F. Maltsev Poltava Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital and 30 mentally healthy women have been examined. In the research the authors used a complex of interrelated and complementary general scientific and specific methods based on the systematic approach. RESULTS: Results: There was a tendency for following types of marital interactions: dependent - 58% of couples, intermediate - 35% of couples. The emotionally-metaphorical type of interpreting life events is inherent for 89% of women with neurotic disorders. Studying the types of relationships with a husbands demonstrated that women with neurotic disorders perform 'the role of victim' - 30% (1,7689) and 'the role of 'burden'' - 40% (1,7689) in their relationships. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The types of relationships with a partner of women with neurotic disorders are partly determined by the specifics of early parenting experiences.

Neurotic personality and lower urinary tract symptoms in day hospital patients diagnosed at pretreatment between 2004 and 2014. / Osobowosc nerwicowa a objawy z dolnego odcinka ukladu moczowego u pacjentów kwalifikowanych do leczenia psychoterapia na oddziale dziennym w latach 2004­2014.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the association between the occurrence of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients qualified for psychotherapy and the severity and profile of their neurotic personality disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of questionnaires included in the medical records of 2,450 patients qualified for psychotherapy in 2004-2014 in terms of correlations between the symptoms of pollakiuria and unconscious urinary incontinence, and the global severity of neurotic symptoms (OWK), global severity of neurotic personality disorders (XKON) and abnormal values of 24 scales of the KON-2006 questionnaire. Correlations in the form of OR coefficients with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using logistic regression analyzes. RESULTS: Lower urinary tract symptoms are associated with a significantly greater severity of neuroticism, both described by the global severity of symptoms (OWK) as well as by the global neurotic personality disorder index (XKON) and abnormal values of the KON-2006 questionnaire scales. The occurrence of both symptoms was associated with the following scales: 'Negative self-esteem' and 'Envy', the occurrence of pollakiuria - with the scales 'Feeling of being dependent on others', 'Demobilization', 'Conviction of life helplessness' and 'Feeling of lack of influence', the occurrence of unconscious urinary incontinence - with the scales 'Feeling of being alienated' and 'Exaltation' for both genders, and only in men 'Risk avoidance' (low 'Risk tendencies'), 'Conviction of life helplessness', 'Difficulties in interpersonal relations'. Extreme severity of pollakiuria was more strongly associated with many of the mentioned scales, and also slightly differently with other scales, e.g., in men - with the 'Sense of overload' and 'Imagination, fantasizing'. CONCLUSIONS: Neurotic personality traits described by abnormal values of the KON-2006 questionnaire scales are associated with the presence (and also to some extent with the severity) of psychogenic lower urinary tract symptoms. Connections may be bi-directional - in some cases experiencing and self-description of personality traits may be secondary to suffering associated with pollakiuria and incontinence.

[Neurotic disorders as a problem of modern gerontopsihiatry]. / Nevroticheskie rasstroistva kak problema sovremennoi gerontopsikhiatrii.

The relevance of the problem is determined by the growth of elderly population in the world and in Russia and by the increase in the frequency of non-psychotic mental disorders (non-PMD) in the structure of psychiatric diseases. The authors consider the current state of research in the field of non-PMD of old age, including neurotic disorders (ND). An analysis of the literature has shown that there is no convergent view on the ND of old age. As a consequence, there are contradictory views from researchers or psychiatric schools on the ND prevalence and morbidity. Attention is drawn to the insufficient diagnosis of non-PMD in the primary link of health care, difficulties of distinguishing ND from neurotic-like states, necessity in the clarification of the epidemiology of neuroses and efficiency of psychotherapeutic help. The use of resources of able-bodied people is important for the socio-economic development of the country.