Intervención mediante imaginería motora tras una encefalopatía post-hipóxica. A propósito de un caso / Motor imagery intervention after hipoxic brain injury. A case study

Objetivos: valorar las diferencias pre y post intervención en la motricidad fina, funcionalidad de miembros superiores y control de espasmos a través de la imaginería motora en una persona que ha sufrido una encefalopatía post-hipoxia. Métodos: el paciente es un varón de 52 años que sufrió una encefalopatía post-hipoxia que cursó con una alteración de la respuesta motora en forma de espasmos incontrolados ante estímulos inesperados que provocaba una imposibilidad de manipulación o uso funcional de objetos. Se realizó una intervención a través de imaginería motora con el fin de reducir el número de espasmos y aumentar la funcionalidad de miembros superiores. Se estructuró en sesiones de 45 minutos, dos sesiones semanales durante tres meses. Se realizó una valoración a través de las escalas Motor Assessment Scale, Purdue Pegboard Test y Nine Hole Peg Test, además de una serie de tareas funcionales para medir el número de espasmos durante la ejecución de cada actividad. Conclusión: al finalizar la intervención se evidenció una mejoría tanto en motricidad fina como en funcionalidad de miembros superiores. Por lo tanto, la imaginería motora podría suponer una herramienta eficaz a la hora de abordar este tipo de clínica tan específica.(AU)

Objective: An intervention was designed and carried out to increase To assess pre- and post-intervention differences in fine motor skills, upper limb functionality and spasm control through motor imagery in a person who has suffered post-hypoxic encephalopathy. Methods: The patient is a 52-year-old male who has suffered post-hypoxic encephalopathy with an altered motor response in the form of uncontrolled spasms to unexpected stimuli that made it impossible to manipulate or functionally use objects. An intervention was carried out through motor imagery to reduce the number of spasms and increase the functionality of the upper limbs. It was structured in 45-minute sessions, twice a week for three months. An assessment was performed using the Motor Assessment Scale, Purdue Pegboard Test and Nine Hole Peg Test, as well as a series of functional tasks to measure the number of spasms during the execution of each activity. Conclusion: At the end of the intervention there was an improvement in both fine motor skills and upper limb function. Therefore, motor imagery could be an effective tool when dealing with this type of very specific clinical condition.(AU)

Preparation Technology Screening of Activated Carbon N-acetylcysteine Microcapsule / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Activated carbon N-acetylcysteine microcapsule (ACNAC),and to optimize preparation technology. METHODS:ACNAC was prepared by emulsion cross-linked method using biodegradable material gelatin as capsule wall material. Using comprehensive evaluation index of drug-loading amount,entrapment rate and particle size distribution percent-age(the percentage of 80-140 μm particle)as index,drug-loading ratio,amount of gelatin,mixing speed and the amount of emul-sifier as factors,single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize formulation technology. The technology was validated and distribution of particle size of ACNAC was determined. RESULTS:The optimal formulation technology was as follows as drug-loading ratio 1∶1,gelatin 15%,emulsifier 2.0%,mixing speed 1 000 r/min. Average drug-loading amount of 6 batches of ACNAC was 15.9%(RSD=1.21%),average encapsulation efficiency was 78.1%(RSD=1.11%)and average particle size distri-bution percentage was 81.9%. CONCLUSIONS:ACNAC is prepared successfully,and formulation technology is reasonable and feasible.

Three Dimensional Measurement of Spontaneous, Positional, Positioning(Dix-Hallpike) and Post Head Shaking Nystagmus in Cats / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Measuring the eye movements including nystagmus is an essential step in the evaluation of dizzy patients. Therefore, it is necessary to observe and record the eye movements in animal for better understanding of human vestibular function. In this study, we investigated spontaneous, positional, positioning (Dix-Hallpike), post head shaking nystagmus in normal cats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In ten normal cats, we measured the eye movements in vertical, horizontal and torsional planes using magnetic search coils with eyes open (EO), and eyes open in darkness (EOD). The eye movements were recorded with the head in neutral, tilted, hanging, and Dix-Hallpike positions as well as after head-shaking. RESULTS: 1) Positional nystagmus was present in 3 cats on the head hanging position. 2) Among the three cats which had positional nystagmus, one cat also had positioning nystagmus on Dix-Hallpike maneuver. 3) On repeated positional stimulations, the latency of nystagmus was increased and the duration and the slow phase velocity were decreased. 4) In the follow-up experiment after one month, the positional nystagmus was induced in the two same cats. 5) Spontaneous and post head shaking nystagmus were not present in any of the ten cats.