RESUMEN
Few of the current methods of improving air quality, including end-pipe treatment, industrial, energy and transportation structure adjustments, are from the viewpoint of the spatial pattern optimization of pollutant emissions. Therefore, based on factors such as natural environment, human health, pollutant transmission capability, and meteorological diffusion conditions, our research group used the threshold approach, natural breaks, spatial erasure, and other methods to define the layout area suitable for atmospheric pollution sources. Based on these results, the emissions pattern was optimized to achieve air quality improvement. Taking Guangdong Province as an example, we examined the application of the emissions pattern optimization of air quality improvement and atmospheric environment zoning. The results indicate that the first class area of environmental air quality accounts for 9% of total province area, the densely populated area accounts for 3%, the sensitive area of the national air quality monitor stations accounts for 15%, the pollutant accumulation area accounts for 22%, and the layout area suitable for atmospheric pollution sources primarily distributed in the west part of the province accounts for 60%. By shifting the non-thermal power industrial sources into those area, the concentration level of PM2.5 will decrease by 4% at the provincial scale and 10% at the city scale. Emissions pattern optimization has become an innovative aided support technology for the continuous improvement of air quality. In practical applications, it can be combined with energy and industrial structure adjustments, pollution control technology enhancements, and cross-regional prevention and control to formulate the most feasible air quality improvement plan.
RESUMEN
To meet the requirements of regional air quality management (AQM), the Air Quality Subarea Management (AQSM) system was proposed. A case study was conducted for Guangdong Province. By using the method of air quality numerical simulation and satellite remote sensing inversion analysis, the key factors were selected from the meteorological simulation field, the pollutant concentration simulation field, and the satellite image interpretation to form the index system for AQSM. On this basis, a hierarchical cluster analysis method was used to divide Guangdong Province into three types of AQSM:Strict Control Subarea, Continuous Improvement Subarea, and Coordinated Development Subarea. It was shown that the Strict Control Subarea, Continuous Improvement Subarea, and Coordinated Development Subarea in Guangdong Province covered 16.3%, 28.0%, and 55.7%, respectively. The Strict Control Subarea in the Pearl River Delta, Eastern Guangdong, Western Guangdong, and Northern Guangdong accounted for 27.9%, 19.3%, 4.4%, and 12.5%, respectively, and the subarea should implement the most stringent AQM policies to promote air quality improvement. The Continuous Improvement Subarea in the Pearl River Delta, Eastern Guangdong, Western Guangdong, and Northern Guangdong accounted for 34.4%, 15.8%, 7.8%, and 34.5%, respectively, and the subarea should implement relatively strict AQM policies to ensure sustained and stable standards. The Coordinated Development Subarea in the Pearl River Delta, Eastern Guangdong, Western Guangdong, and Northern Guangdong accounted for 37.7%, 64.9%, 87.8%, and 53.0%, respectively, and the subarea could implement more liberal AQM policies to ensure relatively good air quality. In general, the strict AQM policies in Guangdong Province should be mainly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta region, followed by Northern Guangdong, Eastern Guangdong, and Western Guangdong in order.