RESUMEN
Desde la creación de la Asociación Profesional Gallega de Terapeutas Ocupacionales (APGTO) en 1983, siendo la primera a nivel estatal, se luchó activamente en nuestra comunidad para tener una red organizativa fuerte y sólida que representase y defendiese los intereses de la terapia ocupacional. El camino realizado por la APGTO desembocó el 30 de octubre de 2017 al crearse el que es hoy, el Colegio Oficial de Terapeutas Ocupacionales de Galicia, una entidad pública con representación jurídica propia, organizada de manera altruista por una junta directiva liderada por terapeutas ocupacionales y creada con el fin de defender los derechos y deberes de las personas colegiadas y de la población susceptible de su intervención y, además de contribuir a la difusión y promoción de la actividad profesional de terapia ocupacional en sus diferentes ámbitos. (AU)
Since the creation of the Galician Professional Association of Occupational Therapists (APGTO) in 1983, being the first at the state level, there has been an active struggle in our community to have a strong and solid organizational network that represents and defends the interests of occupational therapy. The path followed by the APGTO ended on October 30, 2017 with the creation of what it is today, the Official College of Occupational Therapists of Galicia, a public entity with its own legal representation, altruistically organized by a board of directors led by occupational therapists and created in order to defend the rights and duties of the collegiate people and the population susceptible to their intervention and, in addition to contributing to the dissemination and promotion of the professional activity of occupational therapy in its different fields. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Terapeutas Ocupacionales , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/tendencias , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/legislación & jurisprudencia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
RESUMEN Muchos son los resultados relevantes de la Oncología cubana, gracias a los médicos, científicos y académicos que siempre han estado a la vanguardia de la lucha contra el cáncer, no sólo en Cuba sino también en Latinoamérica a lo largo de más de 170 años. El pueblo cubano, con su espíritu humano y colaborador, hizo aportes que ayudaron en los momentos difíciles, donde los gobiernos trataban de limitar el presupuesto para una obra tan noble como la lucha contra el cáncer. Fue la política de salud adoptada por el gobierno revolucionario, la que permitió el acceso a la atención gratuita a todo paciente oncológico poniendo a su alcance los recursos disponibles en su lucha contra esta tenebrosa enfermedad. La creación de la Unidad Oncológica de Matanzas ha sido y es hoy una muestra de tan noble obra. Con el objetivo de exponer las características del surgimiento y desarrollo de la oncología en Cuba se realiza el presente trabajo (AU).
SUMMARY There are many relevant results of Cuban Oncology, thanks to our doctors, scientists and academics who have always been at the forefront of the fight against cancer, not only in Cuba but also in Latin America for more than 170 years. The Cuban people, with their human spirit and collaborator, made contributions that helped in difficult times, where governments tried to limit the budget for a work as noble as the fight against cancer. It was the health policy adopted by the revolutionary government, which allowed access to free care for all oncological patients, putting at their disposal the available resources in their fight against this dark disease. The creation of the Oncological Unit of Matanzas has been and is today a sample of such a noble work. With the aim of exposing the characteristics of the emergence and development of oncology in Cuba, the present work is carried out (AU).
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Cuba , Oncología Médica/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/tendencias , Oncólogos/historia , Oncología Médica/educación , Oncología Médica/tendenciasRESUMEN
Peru's first cancer control public outreach scheme started in the 1910s, but ground to a standstill as it attained official governmental recognition in 1926 as the Liga Anti-Cancerosa (LAC). This paper explains the developments leading to that earliest effort to enlist a coalition of State health agencies, physicians, and lay people in a campaign to publicize early signs of this disease, as well as the medical and political reasons for and implications of its decline. Besides highlighting the importance of professional initiatives shaping cancer activism, contextualizing the rise and fall of the LAC calls attention to the effects that hospitalization of cancer treatment had on aspects of cancer care that were not directly treatment-related, such as public outreach.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias/historia , Práctica de Salud Pública/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Relaciones Comunidad-Institución , Países en Desarrollo , Promoción de la Salud/historia , Historia del Siglo XX , Hospitalización , Humanos , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Neoplasias/prevención & control , Neoplasias/terapia , Perú/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Abstract Peru's first cancer control public outreach scheme started in the 1910s, but ground to a standstill as it attained official governmental recognition in 1926 as the Liga Anti-Cancerosa (LAC). This paper explains the developments leading to that earliest effort to enlist a coalition of State health agencies, physicians, and lay people in a campaign to publicize early signs of this disease, as well as the medical and political reasons for and implications of its decline. Besides highlighting the importance of professional initiatives shaping cancer activism, contextualizing the rise and fall of the LAC calls attention to the effects that hospitalization of cancer treatment had on aspects of cancer care that were not directly treatment-related, such as public outreach.
Resumo O primeiro programa peruano de sensibilização pública para controle do câncer iniciou na década de 1910, mas arrefeceu quando reconhecido pelo governo como Liga Anticancerosa (LAC), em 1926. Este artigo aborda os avanços que conduziram aos pioneiros esforços de recrutamento de agências governamentais de saúde, médicos e leigos na divulgação sobre os primeiros sinais da doença, assim como as motivações políticas e médicas e as implicações de seu declínio. Além de assinalar a importância de iniciativas profissionais no ativismo na temática do câncer, a contextualização da ascensão e declínio da LAC chama a atenção para os reflexos da hospitalização no tratamento do câncer sobre aspectos indiretamente relacionados ao tratamento, como os esforços de sensibilização pública.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Historia del Siglo XX , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Práctica de Salud Pública/historia , Neoplasias/historia , Perú/epidemiología , Relaciones Comunidad-Institución , Países en Desarrollo , Promoción de la Salud/historia , Hospitalización , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Neoplasias/prevención & control , Neoplasias/terapiaAsunto(s)
Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/organización & administración , Infectología/historia , Misiones Médicas/organización & administración , Sociedades Médicas/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/métodos , Congresos como Asunto/historia , Historia del Siglo XXI , HumanosAsunto(s)
Protección a la Infancia/historia , Niños con Discapacidad/historia , Películas Cinematográficas/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Niño , Protección a la Infancia/economía , Niños con Discapacidad/rehabilitación , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
El objetivo de esta revisión histórica es describir el apoyo sanitario de la División Española de Voluntarios durante su despliegue en el frente de Rusia durante el periodo comprendido entre 1941 y 1943. Se prestará especial interés en el apoyo de las operaciones desarrolladas en los arrabales de Leningrado y la denominada Batalla de Krasny Bor donde fallecieron en combate cinco oficiales médicos del Cuerpo de Sanidad. Junto al repaso de la orgánica del apoyo sanitario, describiremos las biografías de ellos (AU)
The objective of this historical review is to examinate the medical support to the Spanish Division of Volunteers during its deployment in the Eastern Front of Russia in the period included between 1941 and 1944. We will describe the medical support to the military operations around Leningrad and the Battle of Krasny Bor, when five Spanish military doctors died (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Cooperación Internacional/historia , Medicina Militar/historia , Federación de Rusia , 51708/historia , Sistemas de SocorroRESUMEN
Anti-opium-smoking had been the key policy of successive central and local governments from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republican Period. Since the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government in January 1912, the Anti-opium-smoking campaign had culminated across the country. Under the support of the government, the "National Anti-Opium Association of China" and "Association of Chinese People Rejecting Opium" were established which made an important contribution to China's anti-opium-smoking campaign.Yunnan, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Shanghai and other local governments also combined with local specific circumstances to make anti-opium-smaking policy for punishing severely the opium cultivation, trade and opium smoking, thus, the overrun of opium began to be brought under an overall control.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/historia , Opio/historia , Prevención del Hábito de Fumar/historia , China , Promoción de la Salud/historia , Promoción de la Salud/legislación & jurisprudencia , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/prevención & control , Política Pública/historia , Fumar/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historiaRESUMEN
AIM: To document the evolution over 40 years (from 1973 to 2013) of Coolmine Therapeutic Community (Ireland's first voluntary drug treatment service) against a background of broader drug policy developments in the Republic of Ireland and elsewhere during this period. METHODS: Data were gathered by means of archival research within Coolmine, complemented by semi-structured interviews with former clients, current and former Coolmine management and staff, and representatives of outsider stakeholder interests. RESULTS: Coolmines's history has three phases: (1) an early and uncontentious phase, in which external authorities provided financial support for Coolmine without questioning its work practices or outcomes; (2) a middle, controversial phase, in which Coolmine struggled for survival in an external policy environment now dominated by harm reduction strategies; and (3) a final phase in which, through the use of conventional corporate governance, Coolmine management sought to repair its damaged reputation by introducing evidence-based clinical practices. CONCLUSIONS: Coolmine Therapeutic Community was established when drug treatment services in Ireland were in their infancy, and its changing fortunes over subsequent decades reflected changing perceptions of what constitutes appropriate addiction treatment-and in particular the role to be played by former addicts within addiction treatment systems-as well as changing perceptions of funding relationships between statutory authorities and voluntary providers of health and social services.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/historia , Infecciones por VIH/historia , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Relaciones Interinstitucionales , Irlanda , Legislación de Medicamentos , Política Organizacional , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Prisioneros , Centros de Tratamiento de Abuso de Sustancias/historia , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/rehabilitación , Comunidad Terapéutica , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historiaAsunto(s)
Oncología Médica , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Oncología Médica/educación , Oncología Médica/organización & administración , Oncología Médica/normas , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/organización & administraciónAsunto(s)
Crianza de Animales Domésticos/economía , Veterinarios/organización & administración , Medicina Veterinaria/organización & administración , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/organización & administración , Animales , Canadá , Salud Global , Historia del Siglo XXI , Ganado , VoluntariosRESUMEN
This paper challenges conventional narratives on the role of international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) in the delivery of health services in Tanzania. Adopting an historical gaze which focuses on the 1960s to mid-1980s the paper argues that the 'franchise state' in the Tanzanian health system was not created by collusion between international donors and INGOs, underpinned by a set of health sector reforms that advocated the use of non-state actors; but was rather the legacy of the colonial health system bequeathed to the post-independence state. It was a system in which voluntary non-state actors (but, importantly, not INGOs) were already entrenched as key providers; and in which many of the features of the franchise state - fragmentation, structural weaknesses, lack of accountability to users - were already long established. But if INGOs did not create these features, as their critics attest, they did contribute to the maintenance and extension of these features. The short-term perspectives of NGOs, their small-scale piecemeal engagement, and the extra demands they placed upon their voluntary actor partners, left little scope for the development of sustainable, national and accountable solutions to the health needs of the country. In exploring these ideas, the paper contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the path dependency that created Tanzania's health system. The analysis also contributes to a deepening of the understanding of the make-up of the voluntary sector beyond a narrow gaze on the institution of the INGO.
Asunto(s)
Atención a la Salud/historia , Asociación entre el Sector Público-Privado/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Atención a la Salud/organización & administración , Países en Desarrollo , Historia del Siglo XX , Agencias Internacionales/historia , Sector Público/historia , Tanzanía , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
Rare diseases, including hereditary angioedema, present a unique set of challenges for clinicians and investigators. The most successful way to negotiate these difficulties has been to develop collaborative efforts among physicians and with patient advocacy organizations and pharmaceutical companies. The US Hereditary Angioedema Association is a large nonprofit patient advocacy organization that has been the catalyst for these types of collaborative arrangements involving hereditary angioedema. The dedication and unique structure of this patient advocacy organization has allowed it to make a substantial contribution to improving hereditary angioedema diagnosis and care.
Asunto(s)
Angioedemas Hereditarios , Práctica Profesional , Enfermedades Raras , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/organización & administración , Angioedemas Hereditarios/diagnóstico , Angioedemas Hereditarios/terapia , Educación Médica Continua , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Atención al Paciente , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Investigación , Estados Unidos , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historiaRESUMEN
Despite the global impact and advances in understanding the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular diseases, the term "stroke" is not consistently defined in clinical practice, in clinical research, or in assessments of the public health. The classic definition is mainly clinical and does not account for advances in science and technology. The Stroke Council of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association convened a writing group to develop an expert consensus document for an updated definition of stroke for the 21st century. Central nervous system infarction is defined as brain, spinal cord, or retinal cell death attributable to ischemia, based on neuropathological, neuroimaging, and/or clinical evidence of permanent injury. Central nervous system infarction occurs over a clinical spectrum: Ischemic stroke specifically refers to central nervous system infarction accompanied by overt symptoms, while silent infarction by definition causes no known symptoms. Stroke also broadly includes intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The updated definition of stroke incorporates clinical and tissue criteria and can be incorporated into practice, research, and assessments of the public health.
Asunto(s)
Neurología/historia , Accidente Cerebrovascular/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/normas , American Heart Association/historia , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/clasificación , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Estados UnidosAsunto(s)
Atención a la Salud/historia , Cooperación Internacional/historia , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/economía , Adolescente , Atención a la Salud/organización & administración , Atención a la Salud/normas , Educación/economía , Educación/historia , Educación/organización & administración , Financiación Gubernamental/historia , Financiación Gubernamental/organización & administración , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Malaui , Escocia , Universidades , Agencias Voluntarias de Salud/historia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Introdução: Trata-se de uma reflexão crítica sobre a atuação da Fundação das Pioneiras Sociais na assistência à saúdeda população feminina, a partir de meados do século XX e, mais especificamente, sobre a sua contribuição para o controle do câncer do colo do útero no Brasil. Objetivos: Descrever a contribuição da Fundação das Pioneiras Sociais no campo das chamadas doenças crônico-degenerativas, sobretudo do câncer feminino; analisar as ações inovadorascom estratégias de massa para o controle do câncer do colo do útero no Brasil. Método: O trabalho foi elaborado a partir da análise dos relatórios da Fundação das Pioneiras Sociais e de fontes secundárias, referentes ao desenvolvimento das ações para o controle do câncer feminino no Brasil. Resultados: Como resultado preliminar é possível relacionar a atuação da Fundação das Pioneiras Sociais com as primeiras ações organizadas de controle do câncer do colo do útero, em larga escala, e identificar a implementação de iniciativas inovadoras para o enfrentamento de nós críticos dessecampo de atuação. Conclusão: No que concerne ao desenvolvimento das ações para o controle do câncer do colo doútero no Brasil, a Fundação das Pioneiras Sociais contribuiu de forma significativa com a criação e o patrocínio de um centro de pesquisas voltado para a saúde da mulher. A partir da década de 1960, foram postas em prática iniciativas que procuravam utilizar o teste Papanicolaou como técnica de prevenção em massa do câncer do colo do útero