Bissinose e asma ocupacional em trabalhadores de uma fiaçäo de linho em Sorocaba - Säo Paulo / Byssinosis and occupational asthma in a flax spinning mill in Sorocaba - Säo Paulo

Sessenta e três trabalhadores de uma fiaçäo de linho, setor de preparaçäo, foram avaliados através de questionário de sintomas respiratórios e espirometria, realizada antes e após a jornada de trabalho. As prevalências de biossinose e asma ocupacional foram, respectivamente, de 30 e 11 por cento. Quatro pacientes, suspeitos de terem asma ocupacional, realizaram curva de pico de fluxo expiratório, que foi positiva. Dos expostos, 12,7 por cento tiveram reduçäo maior ou igual a 10 por cento de VEF1 com a jornada de trabalho. Houve associaçäo entre bissinose e tosse e expectoraçäo cronicas, dispnéia com chiado e asma ocupacional. Dois anos após, 41 trabalhadores, disponíveis para seguimento, foram reavaliados. O declínio anual do VEF1 foi, em média, de 30ml para o grupo todo e de 52ml para os bissinóticos; 56 por cento dos indivíduos tiveram declínio anual do VEF1 acima do esperado. Concluímos que a bissinose ainda é uma causa importante de morbidade respiratória quando a concentraçäo de poeira no ambiente de trabalho näo é controlada. os dados confirmam que a exposiçäo ocupacional à poeira de linho acelera a perda anual de funçäo pulmonar, podendo levar à incapacidade permanente

Respiratory disease in a textile factory in Nicaragua.

This is the first epidemiologic study conducted in a textile mill in Nicaragua using techniques and diagnostic criteria similar to those used in the United States and England. The prevalence of byssinosis and nonspecific respiratory symptoms were studied in 194 workers in a cotton mill in Managua. Limited environmental sampling, performed using a vertical elutriator in yarn preparation and weaving areas, indicated that exposures were similar to those reported in other parts of the developing world. A modified translated version of the Medical Research Council respiratory questionnaire was administered. Pulmonary function tests were performed before and after the Monday workshift to measure across-shift change in ventilatory function. The prevalence of byssinosis was 5.9% and all the cases occurred among exposed women. Nonspecific respiratory symptoms were also more prevalent among exposed workers. After adjusting for age, gender, smoking habit, and work tenure, the exposure odds ratios for usual cough and usual phlegm were 3.3 and 2.2, respectively. The association between exposure and across-shift decrement in FEV1 was not significant. Byssinotic workers, however, had greater decrements in FEV1% than those without byssinosis: 5.5% versus 1.8%. A consistent gender effect was observed in which both exposed and unexposed women were found to have greater across-shift decrements in FEV1 than men. The gender difference existed among long-term workers as well as workers who had been employed less than 2 years. Results are related to cotton dust exposure, as has been documented elsewhere. The poorer health status of the women in this study population deserves follow-up.