Human bocavirus infections and co-infections with respiratory syncytial virus and Rotavirus in children with acute respiratory or gastrointestinal disease.

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and seasonal distributions of HBoV detections among Iranian children presenting with acute respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms and to compare infections among children with concomitant respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rotavirus (RV) infections. A cross-sectional study at Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran, enrolled children < 3 years old presenting with either acute respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms during the period of 2017-2018. Respiratory or stool specimens collected from each group were initially tested by RT-PCR assays for RSV and RV, respectively, and all specimens were tested for HBoV by PCR assay. Clinical and demographic data were collected and statistically compared. Five hundred respiratory and stool specimens each were tested and 67 (13.4%) and 72 (14.4%) were PCR positive for HBoV, respectively. Of 128 (25.6%) respiratory specimens positive for RSV, 65% were also positive for HBoV (p = 0.019); of 169 (33.8%) stool specimens positive for RV, 62.5% were also positive for HBoV (p = 0.023). Peak circulation of all viruses was during late winter and early spring months (Jan-Mar) in gastrointestinal infections and during winter (Feb-Jan) in respiratory infections. HBoV is commonly detected among Iranian children presenting with acute respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms and is often present as co-infections with RSV and RV, respectively.

Detection of human bocavirus type 1 infection in Panamanian children with respiratory illness.

The human bocavirus (HBoV) was added as a new member of the Parvoviridae family in 2005 upon its discovery in nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with respiratory infection. Recently, there has been increasing evidence of worldwide circulation of HBoV; however, in Latin America few studies have been conducted. In order to detect the circulation of HBoV in Panama, based on the National Flu Surveillance System, we developed this retrospective, cross-sectional study, from January 2011 to January 2012. Children younger than 6 years old who presented with respiratory disease were enrolled in this study. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken in sentinel surveillance sites. Samples were tested to detect mRNA from HBoV, as well as viral RNA and DNA from others respiratory viruses. A total of 1078 patients were enrolled in this study. Overall, 44 (4.1%) of the patients presented HBoV. The most common symptoms were cough (84.6%), fever (82.1%), rhinorrhea (74.4%), and sore throat (38.5%). Less than half (45.5%) of HBoV infected patients presented with monoinfection while 54.5% of cases presented with coinfection with others respiratory viruses. Both, outpatients and inpatients were included in this study. Outpatients corresponded to 52.3% of the cases and 47.7% were inpatients. Coinfection was observed in the 50% of the inpatient cases. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the circulating strains belonged to different clades of HBoV genotype 1. Taken together, our results support the pathogenic nature of this viral agent, especially in younger children.

Circulación de Bocavirusen niños menores de 5 años con infección respiratoria aguda de la provincia del Chaco: análisis de los años 2014 y 2015 / Bocavirus circulation in children under 5 years with acute respiratory infection in the province of Chaco: analysis of 2014 and 2015

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the most frequent pathology along human life, being the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years old. The aim of this study was to determine the circulation of HBoV in infants under 5 years old with symptoms of ARI from north Argentina (Chaco province). Were analyzed 882 nasopharyngeal aspirates obtained during the years 2014 and 2015. The samples were tested by real time PCR and the overal frequency of HBoV was 7.6%. The period with the major detection report was June-September with 77.6% of all positive cases. It is interesting that 98.5% of all cases were in infants aged 0 to 2 years of life. HBoV positive cases were given as single infection in 46.3% of patients and the remaining 53.7% as concomitant infections with other viruses. The evaluation of two full years calendar of molecular epidemiological study in northern Argentina of HBoV, reflects more accurately the current situation and could lead to re-formulate strategies for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease. We intend to highlight the importance of investigate this new virus capable of produce an acute respiratory disease by providing information about it to the community.

A infecção respiratória aguda (IRA) é a mais frequente ao longo da vida de uma patologia individual e é a causa mais comum de mortalidade/morbidade em crianças com menos de 5 anos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o movimento do Bocavírus Humano (HBoV) em crianças menores de 5 anos com um diagnóstico presuntivo de IRA numa capital estadual do norte da Argentina (Resistencia, Chaco). Foram analizados 882 aspirados nasofaríngeos, obtidos durante os anos 2014 e 2015. As pessoas foram testeadas por PCR em tempo real, onde se encontrou uma frequência de HBoV do 7,6% (67/882), dando a maior concentração de casos positivos no período de junho a setembro (77,6%). Curiosamente, 98,5% dos casos foram em crianças de 0 a 2 anos de vida. Os casos positívos de HBoV foram dados como única infecção em 46,3% dos pacientes e os restantes 53,7% como infecções concomitantes com outros vírus. A avaliação de dois anos, calendário completo de estudo de epidemiologia molecular HBoV no norte da Argentina, reflete com mais precisão a realidade, e pode reformular as estratégias para o diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico da patología. Temos a intenção de destacar a importância de se investigar o novo vírus capaz de gerar doença respiratória aguda, fornecendo informações dele para a comunidade

La infección respiratoria aguda (IRA) es la patología más frecuente a lo largo de la vida de una persona y es la causa más común de morbi-motalidad en niños menores de 5 años. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la circulación del Bocavirus Humano (HBoV) en niños menores de 5 años con diagnóstico presuntivo de IRA en una ciudad capital del norte argentino (Resistencia, Chaco). Ruiz Díaz, Natalia; y Col. Rev. Fac. Med. UNNE XXXVI: 3, 5-12, 2016 Se analizaron 882 aspirados nasofaríngeos obtenidos durante los años 2014 y 2015. Los mismos fueron testeados por PCR en tiempo real encontrándose una frecuencia de HBoV de 7.6% (67/882), dándose la mayor concentración de casos positivos en el período junio-septiembre (77,6%) y es interesante destacar que el 98,5% del total de casos se registraron en infantes entre 0 a 2 año de vida. Los casos positivos para HBoV se dieron como infección única en el 46.3% de los pacientes y el 53.7% restante como infecciones concomitantes con otros virus. La evaluación de dos años -calendarios completos- de estudio epidemiológico molecular de HBoV en el norte argentino, refleja de manera más fiel la realidad ya que permite reformular las estrategias en cuanto al diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el pronóstico de esta patología. Pretendemos destacar la importancia de investigar los nuevos virus capaces de generar patología respiratoria aguda brindando información sobre el mismo a la comunidad

Seroepidemiology of human bocavirus infection in Jamaica.

BACKGROUND: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly identified human parvovirus. HBoV is associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections and gastroenteritis in children. Little is known about the seroepidemiology of HBoV in populations in the Caribbean. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study conducted at the University Hospital of the West Indies in Kingston, Jamaica, 287 blood samples were collected from pediatric patients and tested for the presence of HBoV-specific antibody using a virus-like-particle based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: HBoV-specific antibodies were found to be present in 220/287 (76.7%) of samples collected from the pediatric population. Seroprevalence of HBoV was highest in those ≥2 years old. The seroepidemiological profile suggests that most children are exposed to HBoV during the first two years of life in Jamaica. CONCLUSION: HBoV infection is common in children in Jamaica. HBoV seroprevalence rates in the Caribbean are similar to those previously reported in other areas of the world.