RESUMEN
Ms. Andrews-Kelly recounts the experiences and inspirations that have guided her career in providing care, enrichment and training for non-human primates.
Asunto(s)
Bienestar del Animal , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Primates , Animales , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/educación , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Today the Mexican axolotl is critically endangered in its natural habitat in lakes around Mexico City, but thrives in research laboratories around the world, where it is used for research on development, regeneration, and evolution. Here, we concentrate on the early history of the axolotl as a laboratory animal to celebrate that the first living axolotls arrived in Paris in 1864, 150 years ago. Maybe surprisingly, at first the axolotl was distributed across Europe without being tied to specific research questions, and amateurs engaged in acclimatization and aquarium movements played an important role for the rapid proliferation of the axolotl across the continent. But the aquarium also became an important part of the newly established laboratory, where more and more biological and medical research now took place. Early scientific interest focused on the anatomical peculiarities of the axolotl, its rare metamorphosis, and whether it was a larva or an adult. Later, axolotl data was used to argue both for (by August Weismann and others) and against (by e.g., Albert von Kölliker) Darwinism, and the axolotl even had a brief history as a laboratory animal used in a failed attempt to prove Lysenkoism in Jena, Germany. Nowadays, technical developments such as transgenic lines, and the very strong interest in stem cell and regeneration research has again catapulted the axolotl into becoming an important laboratory animal.
Asunto(s)
Ambystoma mexicanum , Biología Evolutiva/historia , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Ambystoma mexicanum/anatomía & histología , Ambystoma mexicanum/genética , Ambystoma mexicanum/fisiología , Animales , Evolución Biológica , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Metamorfosis Biológica , RegeneraciónRESUMEN
Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos, DVM, PhD, is Head of Laboratory Animal Facilities and Designated Veterinarian, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. Dr. Kostomitsopoulos discusses his successes in implementing laboratory animal science legislation and fostering collaboration among scientists in Greece.
Asunto(s)
Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Medicina Veterinaria/historia , Animales , Grecia , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Vivienda para Animales/historia , Humanos , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/métodos , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/normas , Medicina Veterinaria/métodos , Medicina Veterinaria/normasRESUMEN
Tracie Rindfield, SRS, LAT, Surgical Research Consultant, Lawrence, MI.
Asunto(s)
Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Cirugía Veterinaria , Selección de Profesión , Consultores , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXIRESUMEN
Tonja Marie Henze, MS, CMAR, RLATg, Facilities Coordinator, Division of Animal Resources, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. Ms. Henze talks about the joys and challenges of her job and realizing the importance of speaking out about her passion for laboratory animal care.
Asunto(s)
Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Illinois , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/educación , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/normasAsunto(s)
Tormentas Ciclónicas , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Desastres , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio , Animales , Animales de Laboratorio , Tormentas Ciclónicas/historia , Desastres/historia , Historia del Siglo XXI , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Nueva OrleansRESUMEN
Incidences of neoplastic lesions were evaluated in untreated Hannover Wistar Rats RjHan: WI (470 males and 470 females) used as control animals in eight carcinogenicity studies. All these studies were performed in a similar environment either for the in vivo and the postmortem evaluation. The major neoplastic lesions were found in the endocrine, integumentary and reproductive systems. Pituitary adenoma was the most frequent neoplasm and occurred in 33.9% of the males and 54.6% of the female rats. The other most frequent tumors in males were thyroid C-cell adenoma (8.6%), pancreatic islet cell adenoma (8.1%), subcutaneous fibrosarcoma (6.6%), subcutaneous fibroma (4.7%), benign pheochromocytoma (3.4%), and cutaneous keratoacanthoma (3.4%). In females, the other highest incidences were mammary fibroadenoma (29%), uterine endometrial stromal polyp (18.1%), mammary adenocarcinoma (14.2%), mammary fibroadenoma with atypia (13.7%), thyroid C-cell adenoma (7.5%), benign thymoma (3.7%), and subcutaneous fibrosarcoma (3.6%). All these data were compared to previously published historical control data. This retrospective analysis was undergone in order to illustrate the result of a stable organization which guarantees a robust historical data base for neoplastic and non neoplastic findings.
Asunto(s)
Grupos Control , Neoplasias/veterinaria , Animales , Pruebas de Carcinogenicidad/métodos , Pruebas de Carcinogenicidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Pruebas de Carcinogenicidad/veterinaria , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades/epidemiología , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades/patología , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades/veterinaria , Femenino , Historia del Siglo XXI , Incidencia , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Masculino , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Neoplasias/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factores Sexuales , Análisis de Supervivencia , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
An interview with Kathryn Bayne, MS, PhD, DVM, DACLAM, CAAB, Global Director, Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) International, Frederick, MD.
Asunto(s)
Bienestar del Animal/normas , Vivienda para Animales/normas , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/métodos , Animales , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXIRESUMEN
For over a century, mouse mammary tumor biology and the associated mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) have served as the foundation for experimental cancer research, in general, and, in particular, experimental breast cancer research. Spontaneous mouse mammary tumors were the basis for studies of the natural history of neoplasia, oncogenic viruses, host responses, endocrinology and neoplastic progression. However, lacking formal proof of a human mammary tumor virus, the preeminence of the mouse model faded in the 1980s. Since the late 1980s, genetically engineered mice (GEM) have proven extremely useful for studying breast cancer and have become the animal model for human breast cancer. Hundreds of mouse models of human breast cancer have been developed since the first demonstration in 1984. The GEM have attracted a new generation of molecular and cellular biologists eager to apply their skill sets to these surrogates of the human disease. Newcomers often enter the field without an appreciation of the origins of mouse mammary tumor biology and the basis for many of the prevailing concepts. Our purpose in writing this compendium is to extend an "olive branch" while simultaneously deepen the knowledge of the novice mouse mammary tumor biologist as they journey into a field rich in pathology and genetics spanning several centuries.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/historia , Animales , Femenino , Historia del Siglo XVIII , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Historia Antigua , Ciencia de los Animales de Laboratorio/historia , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/genética , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/patología , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/virología , Virus del Tumor Mamario del Ratón , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Ratones Transgénicos , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patologíaRESUMEN
In 1947 the Medical Research Council of Britain established the Laboratory Animals Bureau in order to develop national standards of animal production that would enable commercial producers better to provide for the needs of laboratory animal users. Under the directorship of William Lane-Petter, the bureau expanded well beyond this remit, pioneering a new discipline of "laboratory animal science" and becoming internationally known as a producer of pathogenically and genetically standardized laboratory animals. The work of this organization, later renamed the Laboratory Animals Centre, and of Lane-Petter did much to systematize worldwide standards for laboratory animal production and provision--for example, by prompting the formation of the International Committee on Laboratory Animals. This essay reconstructs how the bureau became an internationally recognized center of expertise and argues that standardization discourses within science are inherently internationalizing. It traces the dynamic co-constitution of standard laboratory animals alongside that of the identities of the users, producers, and regulators of laboratory animals. This process is shown to have brought into being a transnational community with shared conceptual understandings and material practices grounded in the materiality of the laboratory animal, conceived as an instrumental technology.