Intrathecal activation as a typical immune response within the central nervous system in angiostrongyliasis.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a zoonotic pathogen that occasionally causes human angiostrongyliasis; its main clinical manifestation is eosinophilic meningitis. This report defines the concept of intrathecal activation of complement as evidence of intrathecal synthesis of major immunoglobulins during this disease. Details are presented of the activation of complement system components in cerebrospinal fluid, and their application to our understanding of this tropical disease, which is emerging in the Western hemisphere. Intrathecal synthesis of at least one of the major immunoglobulins and a wide spectrum of patterns may be observed. Although intrathecal synthesis of C3c is always present, C4 intrathecal synthesis does not occur in every patient. The diversity of intrathecal synthesis and activation of the different complement pathways enables their division into three variant groups (A, B, and C). Variant group A includes the classical and/or lectin pathway and involves two or more major immunoglobulins with C3 and C4 intrathecal synthesis. Variant group B involves C4 in cerebrospinal fluid that comes from blood in the intrathecal activation of the classical pathway. Variant group C includes the alternative pathway.

[Reibergram for C3c intrathecal synthesis evaluation]. / Reibergrama para la evaluación de la síntesis intratecal de C3c.

INTRODUCTION: Reiber's quotient diagram or reibergram has a growing apply for characterize the intratecal synthesis of proteins. Firstly reibergrama was used for the major classes of immunoglobulins but later it was used to evaluate other proteins based on the theory about molecular flux/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow rate. METHOD: C3c is a degradation product of complement factor C3 with 145 KDa and approaches to IgG molecular characteristics according with Fick's diffusion laws. It was assumed IgG constants and graphic for IgG constants and graphic to evaluate the intrathecal synthesis of C3c. Twenty-seven patients and 27 controls were studied. Serum and CSF C3c and albumin were quantified by immunodiffusion. RESULTS: The patients with the C3c proposed reibergram were evaluated. It has been proved its validity under several CSF blood barrier conditions. CONCLUSION: Reibergram for C3c can be used for the evaluation of the intrathecal synthesis of this protein.

Reibergrama para la evaluación de la síntesis intratecal de C3c / Reibergram for C3c intrathecal synthesis evaluation

INTRODUCCIÓN: El diagrama de las razones de Reiber o reibergrama cobra cada día mayores usos para la caracterización de la síntesis intratecal de proteínas. El reibergrama fue definido para las clases mayores de inmunoglobulinas pero luego ha sido utilizado para evaluar otras proteínas basado en la teoría de la difusión molecular/velocidad de flujo del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR). MÉTODO: El C3c, producto de la degradación del factor del complemento C3 y con una masa molecular de 145 KDa, se acerca a las características moleculares de la IgG para las leyes de la difusión de Fick. Se asume las constantes de la IgG en la fórmula de Reiber para evaluar la síntesis intratecal de C3c así como su correspondiente reibergrama. Se estudiaron 27 pacientes y 27 controles a los que se les dosificó albúmina y C3c en suero y LCR por inmunodifusión radial. RESULTADOS: Con el reibergrama propuesto para el C3c se evaluaron estos pacientes. Se comprueba la validez de este reibergrama para distintas condiciones de barrera con o sin síntesis intratecal de C3c. CONCLUSION: El reibergrama y su fórmula correspondiente propuesto para la C3c puede ser usado para la evaluación de la síntesis intratecal de C3c(AU)

INTRODUCTION: Reiber's quotient diagram or reibergram has a growing apply for characterize the intratecal synthesis of proteins. Firstly reibergrama was used for the major classes of immunoglobulins but later it was used to evaluate other proteins based on the theory about molecular flux/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow rate. METHOD: C3c is a degradation product of complement factor C3 with 145 KDa and approaches to IgG molecular characteristics according with Fick's diffussion laws. It was assumed IgG constants and graphic for IgG constants and graphic to evaluate the intrathecal synthesis of C3c. Twenty-seven patients and 27 controls were studied. Serum and CSF C3c and albumin were quantified by immunodiffusion. RESULTS: The patients with the C3c proposed reibergram were evaluated. It has been proved its validity under several CSF blood barrier conditions. CONCLUSION: Reibergram for C3c can be used for the evaluation of the intrathecal synthesis of this protein(AU)

Intrathecal synthesis of complement components C3c and C4 in the central nervous system infections with signs of the acute serous meningitis syndrome.

Two hundred and ten patients with meningismus and the infections of the central nervous system (CNS) with the clinical symptoms and signs of the acute serous meningitis syndrome, were divided in to groups according to etiology (enterovirus meningitis-ENTERO, serous meningitis various etiology-SM and tuberculous meningitis-TBC). Intrathecal synthesis (ITS) of C3c and C4 complement components and IgG were determined by the method of cerebrospinal indexes (I), to examine their role in differential diagnosis of this syndrome. Correlative study between the CSF/serum ratio (Q) for albumin (Alb) and QC3c and QC4 in patients with no proven ITS of this two complement proteins, and the comparative study of the increased value of C3cI and C4I (and IgGI) between the examined groups of the patients was done. Highly significant correlations were found between QAlb and QC3c (r = 0.89, p < 0.001) and QC4 (r = 0.85, p < 0.001). In 22.4% of the examined patients ITS of C3c and C4 were found. There was no difference in frequency of ITS of the two complement proteins between the examined groups, nor inside any particular group. TBC group had significantly lower (p < 0.05) intensity of ITS of C3c and C4 than MNG and ENTERO, and significantly higher intensity of ITS of IgG (p < 0.05) than the other tested groups. CSF index was confirmed as a valid method to detect intrathecal C3c and C4 production. Determination of ITS C3c and C4 could not be of great help in differential diagnosis in the acute serous meningitis syndrome. The intensity of ITS of C3c and C4, related to the intensity of ITS of IgG, could be of help in the determination of the duration of the disease.