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2.
Neurosci Lett ; 523(2): 186-9, 2012 Aug 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22781496

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Sydenham's chorea (SC) is a neurological manifestation of rheumatic fever. Autoimmune mechanism of SC is supported by clinical improvement with immunomodulatory therapy; presence of circulating serum anti-basal ganglia antibodies; increase in Th2 group of cytokines in serum and CSF of patients. However, a role of the antibodies in the pathogenesis can only be established by their passive transfer. Chorea is a manifestation clearly related to increased dopaminergic (DA) activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of antibodies from patients with Sydenham's chorea to cause behavior alterations on rats with unilateral post-synaptic dopamine receptor up-regulation. METHODS: Rats previously submitted to 6-hydroxidopamine (6-OH-DA) unilateral lesion of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and tested with apomorphine to ensure DA receptors up regulation, received intrastriatal infusion of antibodies from SC patients (n=4) or healthy controls (n=3) during 48 h. 24h post infusion initiation (24PI) and 48 h post infusion initiation (48PI), we registered the occurrence of spontaneous contra lateral rotations (CLR). FINDINGS: SC group exhibited significantly higher number of CLR than control group at 24PI (p=0.049) and 48PI (p=0.048). CONCLUSION: The limited sample of the present study restricts us to affirm that SC is really an immune-mediated condition. However the significant result of this pilot study points to preliminary evidence that SC antibodies may affect DA activity in rats with up-regulated striatal DA receptors.


Asunto(s)
Autoanticuerpos/inmunología , Corea/inmunología , Cuerpo Estriado/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Receptores Dopaminérgicos/metabolismo , Adulto , Animales , Autoanticuerpos/farmacología , Niño , Corea/sangre , Corea/inducido químicamente , Cuerpo Estriado/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Infusiones Intraventriculares , Masculino , Oxidopamina , Proyectos Piloto , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Conducta Estereotipada , Regulación hacia Arriba , Adulto Joven
7.
Curr Opin Neurol ; 17(4): 433-6, 2004 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15247538

RESUMEN

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this article is to review the literature on the non-genetic causes of chorea. The differential diagnosis of the large number of causes of sporadic chorea is often a challenging task. Interest has also been growing in the possibility that the mechanism responsible for Sydenham's chorea plays a role in the pathogeneis of other neuropsychiatric disorders. RECENT FINDINGS: Stroke is the main cause of sporadic chorea. Sydenham's chorea shares clinical features with tic disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, there are unequivocal differences between Sydenham's chorea and Tourette's syndrome. There is initial evidence suggesting the beneficial effect of immunosuppression in Sydenham's chorea. Other autoimmune causes of chorea include systemic lupus erythematosus as well as paraneoplastic syndromes. The growing list of drugs associated with chorea include lamotrigine, methadone and lithium. Among infectious agents, HIV is the leading reported cause of chorea. SUMMARY: Patients with sporadic chorea require a thorough work up because numerous causes can lead to this condition. It remains unconfirmed whether the pathogenic mechanisms of Sydenham's chorea are responsible for other conditions such as isolated obsessive-compulsive disorder or Tourette's syndrome. Drugs and infectious agents, especially HIV, are often implicated in the causes of chorea.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Autoinmunes del Sistema Nervioso/complicaciones , Corea/inmunología , Anticonvulsivantes/efectos adversos , Corea/inducido químicamente , Corea/fisiopatología , Corea/terapia , Corea/virología , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Humanos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Síndrome de Tourette/inmunología , Síndrome de Tourette/fisiopatología
8.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry ; 75(2): 327-8, 2004 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14742621

RESUMEN

Use of oral contraceptives is a recognised but infrequent cause of chorea. This type of chorea has usually been considered a reactivation of Sydenham's chorea by an unknown mechanism. A patient developed a chorea triggered by the use of oral contraceptives with no definite evidence of previous Sydenham's chorea or recent streptoccocal infections. However, the patient had positive anti-basal ganglia antibodies, which supports an immunological basis for the pathophysiology of this chorea.


Asunto(s)
Ganglios Basales/inmunología , Corea/inducido químicamente , Proteínas Cromosómicas no Histona , Anticonceptivos Orales/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anticuerpos/inmunología , Proteínas Bacterianas , Corea/tratamiento farmacológico , Desoxirribonucleasas/inmunología , Antagonistas de Dopamina/uso terapéutico , Expresión Facial , Femenino , Humanos , Proteínas Oncogénicas/inmunología , Proteínas de Unión a Poli-ADP-Ribosa , Autoimagen , Estreptolisinas/inmunología , Sulpirida/uso terapéutico
10.
Rev Med Chil ; 127(4): 468-71, 1999 Apr.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10451614

RESUMEN

We report two women using oral contraceptives, aged 17 and 33 years old, who presented with hemichorea. In both patients all other possible causes of chorea were discarded and the disease disappeared when contraceptives were discontinued. Four months later, the 33 years old patient used again oral contraceptives and chorea reappeared. This rare complication of contraceptive use has been previously reported in young and mainly nulliparous women.


Asunto(s)
Corea/inducido químicamente , Anticonceptivos Orales/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Corea/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 127(4): 468-71, abr. 1999. tab
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-243919

RESUMEN

We report two women using oral contraceptives, aged 17 and 33 years old, who presented with hemichorea. In both patients all other possible causes of chorea were discarded and the disease disappeared when contraceptives were discontinued. Four months later, the 33 years old patient used again oral contraceptives and chorea reappeared. This rare complication of contraceptive use has been previously reported in young and mainly nulliparous women


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Corea/inducido químicamente , Anticonceptivos Orales/efectos adversos , Sulpirida/farmacología , Corea/diagnóstico , Corea/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos de la Menstruación/tratamiento farmacológico
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