Panorama da produção do conhecimento em atividade física adaptada nos programas de pós-graduação em Educação Física do estado do Paraná / Overview of the production of knowledge in physical activity adapted in the post-graduartion programs in Physical Education of state of Paraná / Panorama de la producción de conocimiento en la actividad física adaptada en programas de postgrado en Educación Física del estado de Paraná

No estado do Paraná, são quatro as Instituições de Ensino Superior, indicadas pela CAPES, que possuem programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Educação Física. Com o objetivo de conhecer a produção relacionada à atividade física adaptada no Paraná e compreender os caminhos que ela tem seguido, mapearam-se nestes programas todas as dissertações e teses relacionadas à temática. Ao todo, foram encontradas 17 pesquisas, 15 dissertações e 2 teses. quanto ao tipo de deficiência, são estudadas em maior número atividades voltadas a indivíduos com deficiência física, intelectual e visual, sendo que nenhuma exclusivamente com pessoas com deficiência auditiva foi encontrada. Ao pesquisar o currículo dos autores, concluiu-se que a maioria dos produtores das dissertações e teses tem envolvimento no "universo" para-desportivo e apresenta a tendência de pesquisar e publicar somente nesta área, ao contrário dos orientadores, em que somente a minoria é envolvida com a temática.

In Paraná State, there are four Institutions of Higher Education, indicated by CAPES, that have post-graduate programs stricto sensu in Physical Education. In order to know the production related to the Adapted Physical Activity in Paraná and to understand the paths that it has followed, all dissertations and theses related to the theme have been mapped in these programs. In all, 17 researches, 15 dissertations and 2 theses were found. Regarding the type of disability, a greater number of activities are studied for individuals with physical, intellectual and visual disabilities, none of whom are exclusively hearing impaired. In studying the authors' curriculum, it was concluded that most of the authors of dissertations and theses have some involvement in the parasport "universe", and that they tend to research and publish only in this area, unlike the advisors where only the minority is involved with the theme.

En el estado de Paraná, son cuatro las instituciones de educación superior, indicados por la CAPES, que tienen programas de postgrado stricto sensu en la Educación Física. Con el fin de conocer la producción relacionada con la Actividad Física Adaptada en Paraná y comprender las formas en que ha seguido, esbozó en estos programas de todas las disertaciones y tesis relacionadas con el tema. En total se encontraron 17 estudios, 15 disertaciones y 2 tesis. En cuanto al tipo de discapacidad, que se estudian en más números actividades dirigidas a las personas con discapacidades físicas, intelectuales y visuales, y ninguno exclusivamente a las personas con discapacidad auditiva fue encontrado. Al buscar en el currículum de los autores, se concluyó que la mayoría de los productores de disertaciones y tesis tienen participación en el "universo" para actividades deportivas y muestran una tendencia a investigar y publicar sólo en esta área, a diferencia de los orientadores donde sólo una minoría está implicado con el tema.

Career Development and Learning Pathways of Paralympic Coaches With a Disability.

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the career development and learning pathways of Paralympic head coaches who previously competed as Paralympic athletes. Each coach participated in a semistructured interview. A thematic analysis of the data revealed three higher order themes, which were called becoming a coach, learning to coach, and lifelong learning and teaching. Across these themes, participants discussed interactions with other coaches and athletes with a disability, learning from mentors and coaching clinics, as well as limited formal educational opportunities they experienced transitioning from athlete to head coach. The findings revealed that they acquired most of their knowledge from a combination of knowledge gained as athletes and informal sources, including trial and error. They also stressed the need for enhanced recruiting of parasport coaches and parasport coach education opportunities that would enhance programs for athletes with physical disabilities, from grassroots to Paralympic levels.

Factors impacting participation in sports for children with limb absence: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with limb absence benefit from participating in sports. While barriers and facilitators affecting sport participation are well documented for adults, they have not been explored for children with limb absence. PURPOSE: To identify the perceived factors impacting participation in sports according to children with limb absence and their parents. METHODS: This study uses a descriptive qualitative study design. Nineteen participants, consisting of children and their parents, were recruited from an outpatient hospital clinic for semi-structured interviews. The 11 interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were then coded and analyzed using the DEPICT model. The thematic analysis was guided by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework. RESULTS: Analysis of our participant interviews identified six themes as having an influence on sport participation: "functionality of prosthesis", "plan in advance", "know what I can do" (understanding capabilities), "it's like every stroke, 2 million questions" (stigma and the social environment), "love for the game" (love for sport), and "these things are an investment" (the investment involved). CONCLUSIONS: The findings have the potential to inform the development and implementation of strategies to increase levels of participation in sports among children with limb absence. Information from this study may help to deepen the rehabilitation team's understanding of factors that impact engagement in sports among children with limb absence. Implications for Rehabilitation Children with limb absence present with unique barriers and facilitators to participating in sports, thus, what may be a facilitator or barrier for one child may not for another. Strategies to increase a child's participation in sports should consider both person and environmental factors. Rehabilitation professionals can play a crucial role in educating both families and the community on living and coping with a limb difference, services and community supports available, and the use of specialized prosthesis and attachments for sport participation.

A pesquisa em atividade física adaptada / Research on adapted physical activity / La investigación en la actividad física adaptada

O presente trabalho discute a construção da Atividade Física Adaptada (AFA) como área de conhecimento, abordando seu desenvolvimento, objetos de estudos, métodos e resultados al- cançados. Estudos epistemológicos definem a AFA como um campo de conhecimento inter- disciplinar, com foco em três pontos: 1) Adaptação; 2) Diferenças Individuais; 3) Atividade Física. Há predominância pelo design quantitativo com crescimento nos estudos qualitativos. No campo da educação física adaptada, a inclusão começa a ser defendida como melhoria da qualidade de ensino para todos e não apenas para alunos com deficiência. Há necessidade de reflexão sobre o acesso e o impacto das pesquisas na prática profissional.

The text discusses the construction of Adapted Physical Activity (APA) as an area of knowledge, addressing its development, objects of study, methods and results achieved. Epis- temological studies define APA as an area of interdisciplinary knowledge, focusing on three points:1) Adaptation; 2) Individual Differences; 3) Physical Activity. Quantitative design studies predominate, but the number of qualitative studies is increasing. In the field of adapted physical education, inclusion has been understood as an improvement in the quality of educa- tion for all and not just for students with disabilities. It is necessary to re-think the access and impact of research in professional practice.

Este trabajo discute la construcción de la Actividad Física Adaptada (AFA) como área de conocimien- to, enfocando su desarrollo, sus objetos de estudio , sus métodos y los resultados alcanzados. Estu- dios epistemológicos definen la AFA como un campo de conocimiento interdisciplinar, centrándose en tres puntos:1) Adaptación; 2) Diferencias individuales; 3) Actividad Física. Predomina el diseño cuantitativo, con crecimiento en los estudios cualitativos. En el campo de la educación física adaptada, la inclusión comienza a ser defendida como sinónimo de mejoría de la calidad de la enseñanza para todos y, no sólo para los estudiantes con discapacidades. Se necesita reflexión sobre el acceso y el impacto de las investigaciones en la práctica profesional.

Satisfacción con la vida y autoeficacia en jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas / Life satisfaction and self-efficacy in wheelchair basketball players / Satisfação com a vida e autoeficácia em jogadores de basquetebol e cadeira de rodas

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación entre satisfacción con la vida, y autoeficacia de movilidad en personas con discapacidad física que practican baloncesto en silla de ruedas. El estudio siguió un diseño ex post facto. La muestra fue de 103 participantes. Las mediciones se mostraron fiables, con altos coeficientes de consistencia interna. Los deportistas declararon altos niveles de satisfacción con la vida y de autoeficacia de movilidad en silla de ruedas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en dichas variables en función del nivel de excelencia competitiva. Se concluye que la satisfacción con la vida está más relacionada con la percepción de autoeficacia de movilidad en silla de ruedas que con la edad o la clasificación funcional de los deportistas

The main aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between life satisfaction and mobility self-efficacy in wheelchair basketball players. The study was developed with an ex post facto design. 103 people with physical disabilities took part in this study. The measurements were reliable, with high internal consistency. Subjects showed high levels of satisfaction with life and self-efficacy of mobility in a wheelchair. There were no outstanding differences in these variables in relation to the level of sporting excellence. Satisfaction with life was more related to the perception of wheelchair mobility self-efficacy than to age or functional classification as a sportsperson

objectivo do estudo foi analisar a relação entre satisfação com a vida, e autoeficácia de mobilidade em pessoas com incapacidade físicaque praticam basquetebol em cadeira de rodas. O estudo seguiu um delineamento ex post facto. A amostra foi constituída por 103 participantes. As medidas revelaram ser fiáveis, com altos coeficientes de consistência interna. Os atletas revelaram altos níveis de satisfação com a vida e de autoe-ficácia de mobilidade em cadeira de rodas. Não se verificaram diferenças significativas nestas variáveis em função do nível de excelência competi-tiva. Conclui-se que a satisfação com a vida está mais relacionada com a percepção de autoeficácia de mobilidade em cadeira de rodas que com aidade ou a classificação funcional dos desportistas

Managing diversity and European policy: Towards a typology for sport pedagogy.

This article adds to the growing body of knowledge in sport pedagogy and focuses specifically upon the intersection of gender and disability. Its purpose is twofold, to create a typology for examining good practice in sport pedagogy that is reflective and inclusive and raises awareness of the diverse needs of all participants in physical activity 'regardless' of gender and ability for all children. We acknowledge that access to physical activity, education and sport are complex and multifaceted, however, the main purpose of this paper is to raise awareness of 'diversity' by focusing specifically upon the role of gender and ability. Through an examination of gender and disability policies in official European Union (EU) policy documents and commercial examples of policy-in-practice we propose a typology for diversity and diversity management. A close look at EU level is instructive because national policies of the member countries vary a lot with respect to diversity issues but should be in accordance in the main areas. Such a reading enables the building of a typology of recommendations for how such policy can be rendered in sport pedagogy practice. We suggest six significant, but related principles that include (1) mainstreaming; (2) teaching and coaching sensitive to difference; (3) empowerment; (4) inclusion; (5) adaptation; and (6) inner differentiation. This holistic typology seeks to 'mainstream' issues of gender and disability policy by providing a set of principles that can be applied to a range of teaching and coaching settings.

Incidência de lesões em atletas de basquetebol em cadeira de rodas / Incidence of injuries in wheelchair basketball players

O esporte adaptado tem obtido grande evolução técnica nos últimos anos, o que veio acompanhado por aumentono volume de treino dos atletas e no número de lesões. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a incidência de lesões em atletas de basquetebol de cadeira de rodas, bem como sua relação com o desempenho motor e aspectos ligados à qualidade de vida. Foramavaliados 11 atletas do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 30,27 anos (+ 6,51), com lesões medulares em níveis torácicos e lombares. O desempenho motor foi avaliado com testes deagilidade e velocidade. A ocorrência de lesões foi verificada por questionários, nos quais os atletas relataram a intensidade de dor e o quanto esta influenciava negativamente o seu dia-a-dia. Foi usada estatística descritiva, teste t-Student para verificar diferença no desempenho motor entre atletas com níveis mais altos e mais baixos de dor e teste de correlação entre idade, tempode prática e desempenho motor dos atletas. Verificou-se que as lesões mais frequentes foram na região do ombro, mas que estas não interferiram no desempenho motor. O que de fato interferiu no desempenho dos atletas foi o tempo de prática, sendo que osatletas mais experientes exibiram melhores resultados no teste develocidade. Também foi ressaltada a importância de uma melhor preparação física específica para prevenção de lesões.

Adapted sports for people with disabilities has had great technical developments in recent years, which was accompanied by an increase in the volume of training of athletes and the number of injuries. This study aims to evaluate the motor performance and the incidence of injuries in elite wheelchair basketball athletes. We evaluated 11 male wheelchair basketball athletes in the cities of Londrina and Maringa, with a mean ageof 30.27 years (+ 6.51), with spinal cord injuries in the thoracic and lumbar levels. Motor performance was evaluated in the form of agility and speed tests. To verify the occurrence of lesions we used questionnaires, in which athletes reported pain intensityand how this negatively infl uenced daily activities. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and it was used t-test to verify differences in motor performance between athletes with higher and lower levels of pain. It was also verified the correlation between age, duration of practice and motor performance of athletes. It wasfound that the lesions were more frequent in the shoulder area, but these did not affect motor performance. What actually affected the performance of the athletes was the practice time, with more experienced athletes showing better results in the speed test. It was also highlighted the importance of a better physical trainingto prevent sports injuries.