Visual function correlates of self-reported vision-related nighttime driving difficulties / La función visual se correlaciona con las dificultades de conducción nocturna relacionadas con la visión autoinformadas

Purpose: To investigate the visual function correlates of self-reported vision-related night driving difficulties among drivers. Methods: One hundred and seven drivers (age: 46.06 ± 8.24, visual acuity [VA] of 0.2logMAR or better) were included in the study. A standard vision and night driving questionnaire (VND-Q) was administered. VA and contrast sensitivity were measured under photopic and mesopic conditions. Mesopic VA was remeasured after introducing a peripheral glare source into the participants' field of view to enable computation of disability glare index. Regression analyses were used to assess the associations between VND-Q scores, and visual function measures. Results: The mean VND-Q score was -3.96±1.95 logit (interval scale score: 2.46±1.28). Simple linear regression models for photopic contrast sensitivity, mesopic VA, mesopic contrast sensitivity, and disability index significantly predicted VND-Q score (P<0.05), with mesopic VA and disability glare index accounting for the greatest variation (21 %) in VND-Q scores followed by photopic contrast sensitivity (19 %), and mesopic contrast sensitivity (15 %). A multiple regression model to determine the association between the predictors (photopic contrast sensitivity, mesopic VA, mesopic contrast sensitivity, and disability index) and VND-Q score yielded significant results, F (4, 102) = 8.58, P < 0.001, adj. R2 = 0.2224. Seeing dark-colored cars was the most challenging vision task. Conclusion: Changes in mesopic visual acuity, photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity, as well as disability glare index are associated with and explain night driving-related visual difficulties. It is recommended to incorporate measurement of these visual functions into assessments related to driving performance.(AU)

Síndrome de inhibición monocular en operadores de pantallas / Monocular inhibition syndrome in video-display terminal operators (MIVO syndrome)

La actividad ante un videoterminal (VDT) solicita prioritariamente las funciones visuales. Síntomas de carácter irritativo y astenópico son comunes. Algunos usuarios, sin embargo, describen síntomas monoculares que incluyen la visión borrosa de un ojo. Hemos objetivado el hecho y diseñado un procedimiento diagnóstico que incluye la prueba de percepción simultánea en el sinoptóforo. Se han evidenciado fenómenos monoculares de inhibición coincidentes con errores ergonómicos en el área de trabajo. Los síntomas y signos clínicos revierten o mejoran cuando se favorece la posición frontal y simétrica de los ojos respecto a los textos y la pantalla (AU)