RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Abruptio placentae is a serious problem with a high rate of maternal and fetal mortality and documented sexual dimorphism in reoccurrence. Macaca fascicularis is a well-described reproductive model; however, there are no data available regarding sexual dimorphism in abruptio placentae in these species. METHODS: A retrospective study of pathology and medical records in a large colony of M. fascicularis was performed. Placental specimens were analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of placenta abruptio in the colony was 15.7/1000 births. In the abruptio placentae group, male fetuses had lower placental disk length and increased femur length compared with female fetuses. The feto-pacental ratio and fetal weight were lower in the male fetuses in the abruption group compared with those in the stillbirth group without abruption placentae. CONCLUSION: This is the first documentation of male bias in placental and fetal development in abruptio placentae in non-human primates.
Asunto(s)
Desprendimiento Prematuro de la Placenta/veterinaria , Macaca fascicularis , Enfermedades de los Monos/epidemiología , Desprendimiento Prematuro de la Placenta/epidemiología , Desprendimiento Prematuro de la Placenta/fisiopatología , Animales , Femenino , Desarrollo Fetal , Peso Fetal , Feto/patología , Masculino , Enfermedades de los Monos/patología , Enfermedades de los Monos/fisiopatología , Placenta/patología , Embarazo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores Sexuales , Mortinato/epidemiología , Mortinato/veterinariaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Abruptio placentae, defined as premature separation of a normally implanted placenta, is a life threatening pregnancy complication with unknown pathophysiology. A history of abruptio placentae is the major risk factor for this pregnancy complication in humans. We describe the first case of recurrent abruptio placentae in a Macaca fascicularis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A pregnant M. fascicularis at term gestation was presented with weakness and hypothermia. Cesarean section revealed retroplacental hemorrhage with partial placental separation from the uterus. RESULTS: The weight of the female fetus was within the lower birth weight range for these species. The maternal side of placenta contained necrotic tissue, occupying approximately 60% of the maternal surface. The placental implantation bed demonstrated neutrophil infiltration. Perivascular collections of lymphocytes were noticed in the uterine smooth muscle. CONCLUSION: This case report underlines the importance of neutrophil infiltration and uterine venous drainage in the cascade of events leading to abruptio placentae.
Asunto(s)
Desprendimiento Prematuro de la Placenta/veterinaria , Macaca fascicularis , Enfermedades de los Monos , Desprendimiento Prematuro de la Placenta/etiología , Animales , Cesárea , Femenino , Muerte Fetal/etiología , Muerte Fetal/veterinaria , Infiltración Neutrófila , Embarazo , Recurrencia , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
In one study two cases of premature expulsion of the placenta were recorded among 60 supervised calvings (3.3 per cent); both calves died. In a second study, 47 cases were recorded among 332 cases of perinatal mortality (14.2 per cent). The condition was associated with fetal malpresentation and malposture, and mortality either before or during parturition. There was no significant relationship between the occurrence of premature expulsion of the placenta and parity, calving difficulty, previous calving history or the sex of the calf. The condition in cattle is compared with placenta praevia in women.
