Tendencia de la población española de búsqueda en internet sobre información relacionada con diferentes dietas / Spanish population trends in Internet searches for information on different diets

OBJETIVO: Explorar a través Google Trends las tendencias del interés de la población española sobre información relacionada con diferentes tipos de dietas, focalizadas en las más populares y con estudios de evidencia, a lo largo de los últimos 10 años. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se analizaron las tendencias de búsqueda de los términos «dieta mediterránea», «dieta cetogénica», «dieta baja en grasas», «ayuno intermitente» y «dieta vegana». El volumen relativo de búsqueda (VRB) de cada término fue comparado. La dirección de la tendencia se estudió mediante la correlación de Spearman (CS). RESULTADOS: El término «dieta mediterránea» fue el más buscado, con una mediana de VRB de 16 (rango intercuartil [RI] 6; rango 8-100), aunque siguió una tendencia cronológica decreciente (CS = -0,216). Le siguieron «dieta cetogénica», con VRB de 8 (RI 9; rango 1-57); «dieta vegana», con VRB de 4 (RI 5; rango 0-16); «ayuno intermitente», con VRB de 2 (RI 5; rango 0-27), y «dieta baja en grasas», con VRB de 1,16 (RI 0; rango 0-2). El término con mejor correlación a lo largo del tiempo fue «ayuno intermitente» (CS = 0,96), seguido de «dieta cetogénica» (CS = 0,91) y «dieta vegana» (CS = 0,85). CONCLUSIÓN: En España, el interés de la población sobre la información acerca de la dieta mediterránea es mayor que para otras dietas. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha producido un incremento progresivo en el interés, medido como VRB, en otras dietas, como la dieta cetogénica, la dieta vegana o el ayuno intermitente, y se ha producido una reducción en el interés por la dieta mediterránea. La dieta baja en grasas no genera interés en la población española

OBJECTIVE: To use Google Trends to explore the trends of interest of the Spanish population regarding information related to different types of diets, focused on those that are popular and with evidence-based studies, over the last 10 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The search trends referred to the terms «Mediterranean diet», «ketogenic diet», «low fat diet», «intermittent fasting» and «vegan diet» were analyzed. The relative search volumes (RSV) of the terms were compared. The direction of the trend was studied using the Spearman's correlation coefficient (SC). RESULTS: «Mediterranean diet» was the most widely searched term, with a median RSV of 16 (interquartile range [IQR] 6; range 8-100), though it exhibited a decreasing chronological trend (SC = -0.216). It was followed by «ketogenic diet», with an RSV of 8 (IQR 9; range 1-57); «vegan diet», with an RSV of 4 (IQR 5; range 0-16); «intermittent fasting», with an RSV of 2 (IQR 5; range 0-27), and «low fat diet», with an RSV of 1.16 (IQR 0; range 0-2). The term with the best correlation over time was «intermittent fasting» (SC = 0.96), followed by «ketogenic diet» (SC = 0.91) and «vegan diet» (SC = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS: In Spain, the interest of the population in information about the Mediterranean diet is greater than for other diets. However, in recent years there has been a progressive increase in interest (measured as RSV) in other diets such as the ketogenic diet, vegan diet or intermittent fasting, and there has been a decrease in interest in the Mediterranean diet. The low fat diet does not generate interest in the Spanish population

Go the Whole Nine Yards? How Extent of Meat Restriction Impacts Individual Dietary Experience.

This study examined three meat-restricted diets (N = 865)-a vegetarian diet, a reduced-meat diet, and a chicken-free diet-with a focus on the differences in lived dietary experiences operationalized using measures such as satisfaction with food-related life and the theory of planned behavior. The data comes from an online survey of a census-balanced sample of 30,000+ U.S. residents. The findings showed that meat reducers are a larger group than suspected and that there was a statistically significant difference in dietary experiences with vegetarians reporting better experiences with their diet. This research speaks to how the type of meat restriction impacts lived experiences.

James Lind Alliance research priorities: what role do carbohydrates, fats and proteins have in the management of Type 2 diabetes, and are there risks and benefits associated with particular approaches?

AIMS: To assess the role played by carbohydrates, fat and proteins in the management of Type 2 diabetes. BACKGROUND: Diabetes research tends to reflect the interests of academics or the pharmaceutical industry, rather than those of people living with Type 2 diabetes. The James Lind Alliance and Diabetes UK addressed this issue by defining the research priorities of people living with Type 2 diabetes. Three of the top 10 research priority questions focused on lifestyle. METHODS: A narrative review was undertaken with a structured search strategy using three databases. Search terms included the three macronutrients and Type 2 diabetes. No restrictions were placed on macronutrient quantity or length of study follow-up. Outcomes included changes in HbA1c , body weight, insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk. RESULTS: There is no strong evidence that there is an optimal ratio of macronutrients for improving glycaemic control or reducing cardiovascular risk. Challenges included defining the independent effect of macronutrient manipulation and identifying the effects of macronutrients, independent of foods and dietary patterns. Extreme intakes of macronutrients may be associated with health risks. CONCLUSIONS: It is challenging to formulate food-based guidelines from studies based on macronutrient manipulation. Structured education should be offered to support individuals in discovering their optimal, individual dietary approach. Recommendations for dietary guidelines should be expressed in terms of foods and not macronutrients.

Employing proteomics to understand the effects of nutritional intervention in cancer treatment.

Lifestyle optimizations are implementable changes that can have an impact on health and disease. Nutrition is a lifestyle optimization that has been shown to be of great importance in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. Dozens of clinical trials are currently in progress that focus on the nutritional modifications that cancer patients can make prior to and during medical care that increase the efficacy of treatment. In this review, we discuss various nutritional inventions for cancer patients and the analytical approaches to characterize the downstream molecular effects. We first begin by briefly explaining the many different forms of nutritional intervention currently being used in cancer treatment as well as their motivating biology. The forms of nutrient modulation described in this review include calorie restriction, the different practices of fasting, and carbohydrate restriction. The review then shifts to explain how proteomics is used to determine biomarkers of cancer and how it can be utilized in the future to determine the metabolic phenotype of a tumor, and inform physicians if nutritional intervention should be recommended for a cancer patient. Nutrigenomics aims to understand the relationship of nutrients and gene expression and can be used to understand the downstream molecular effects of nutrition restriction, partially through proteomic analysis. Proteomics is just beginning to be used as cancer diagnostic and predictive tools. However, these approaches have not been used to their full potential to understand nutritional intervention in cancer. Graphical abstract ᅟ.

Homemade diet versus diet industrialized for patients using alternative feeding tube at home: an integrative review / La dieta artesanal versus la dieta industrializada en pacientes con nutrición enteral domiciliaria: una revisión integradora

Background: Enteral nutrition therapy can be provided using comercialized products (chemically defined formulas) or blenderized home-made preparations. Objective: To perform an integrative review of the literature comparing the use of both type of formulation. Methods: In this descriptive study papers published in English, Spanish or Portuguese Brazil, in journals indexed in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Bireme without the period 2010 to 2015 were reviewed The terms «enteral nutrition, foods, formulated, diet, homemade diet industrial and artisanal diet» according to the MeSH were used for the search. Results: Twelve articles were selected. Most studies showed a level 4 of evidence and were published in journal in the higher Qualis index. Four aspects were evaluated: comparison between groups studying the clinical effects; comparison of the chemical composition of home-made products; physical-chemical and microbiological analysis of the enteral diets comes; articles on epidemiological Data on home enteral nutrition Conclusion: Industrialized diet is more suitable for patients using alternative feeding supply at home. But it has a higher cost (AU)

Introducción: en la terapia nutricional enteral pueden administrarse productos comerciales con fórmulas químicamente definidas o preparados artesanales compuestas por alimentos naturales y/o procesados. Objetivo: realizar una revisión integradora de la literatura sobre el uso de la dieta artesanal versus industrializada, en pacientes con nutrición enteral. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de los artículos originales que comparaban el uso de fórmulas enterales comerciales con preparados caseros. Se consideraron elegibles los artículos publicados en inglés, español o portugués, en revistas indexadas en las bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science y Bireme en el periodo de 2010 a 2015, a partir de los descriptores: «enteral nutrition, food, formulated, industrialized diet, homemade diet, handmade diet». Para el análisis de los estudios fue utilizado un instrumento específico para evaluación de artículos. Resultados: finalmente se analizaron 12 artículos. La mayoría de los estudios presentó un nivel de evidencia 4 y fueron publicados en revistas de elevado índice Qualis. Los artículos fueron separados en 4 grupos: comparación del uso de las dietas y el efecto en los pacientes que las recibían; evaluación de la composición química de la alimentación enteral artesanal por medio de tablas de composición de alimentos; análisis físico-químico y microbiológico de las dietas enterales artesanales; y artículos que presentaron la situación epidemiológica de la terapia nutricional enteral domiciliaria. Conclusión: la dieta industrializada es la más indicada para pacientes que nutrición enteral en el domicilio, mientras, que los costos generados pueden volverse grandes obstáculos para quien la elija (AU)

Internet Information for Patients on Cancer Diets - an Analysis of German Websites.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the Internet has become an important source of information for cancer patients. Various cancer diets that are publicized on the Web promise significant benefits. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of online patient information about cancer diets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A patient's search for 'cancer diets' on German websites was simulated using the search engine Google. The websites were evaluated utilizing a standardized instrument with formal and content aspects. RESULTS: An analysis of 60 websites revealed that websites from nonprofit associations as well as self-help groups offer the best content and formal ranking. Websites whose owners aim to make a profit, practices that offer cancer diet therapies, and newspapers received the poorest quality score. The majority of content provided on the Web gets published by profit-oriented content groups. CONCLUSION: The divergence between profit-driven websites offering low-quality content and the few trustworthy websites on cancer diets is enormous. The information given online about cancer diets may turn out to be a hazardous pitfall. In order to present evidence-based information about cancer diets, online information should be replenished to create a more accurate picture and give higher visibility to the right information.

Current coding practices and patterns of code use of registered dietitian nutritionists: the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2013 coding survey.

Coding, coverage, and reimbursement for nutrition services are vital to the dietetics profession, particularly to registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) who provide clinical care. The objective of this study was to assess RDN understanding and use of the medical nutrition therapy (MNT) procedure codes in the delivery of nutrition services. Its design was an Internet survey of all RDNs listed in the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy)/Commission on Dietetics Registration database as of September 2013 who resided in the United States and were not retired. Prior coding and coverage surveys provided a basis for survey development. Parameters assessed included knowledge and use of existing MNT and/or alternative procedure codes, barriers to code use, payer reimbursement patterns, complexity of the patient population served, time spent in the delivery of initial and subsequent care, and practice demographics and management. Results show that a majority of respondents were employed by another and provided outpatient MNT services on a part-time basis. MNT codes were used for the provision of individual services, with minimal use of the MNT codes for group services and subsequent care. The typical patient carries two or more diagnoses. The majority of RDNs uses internal billing departments and support staff in their practices. The payer mix is predominantly Medicare and private/commercial insurance. Managers and manager/providers were more likely than providers to carry malpractice insurance. Results point to the need for further education regarding the full spectrum of Current Procedural Terminology codes available for RDN use and the business side of ambulatory MNT practice, including the need to carry malpractice insurance. This survey is part of continuing Academy efforts to understand the complex web of relationships among clinical practice, coverage, MNT code use, and reimbursement so as to further support nutrition services codes revision and/or expansion.

[System approach and system analysis in dietology]. / Sistemnyi podkhod i sistemnyi analiz v dietologii.

There is analysis of using of two variants of the auto-program of dietotherapy in the article: numeric system and basis system. They belong the same kind of building type, but are different in the type of functioning principle. Numeric system is built upon nosological principle taking into consideration the clinicopathogenetic features of disease. The basic diets built upon metabolic principle that a matter is adaptation of chemical content, alimentary and food value of diet for concrete mechanism of metabolic disturbance. At the same time metabolic conveyor is considered as system organization of the separate functional systems that are in the permanent dynamic and the interacting with each other. This organization is combined on the principle of auto regulation and set in correction and recovery of disturbed homeostasis as a whole. Selection of practical using of mentioned principles of diets is a right of the specialist-dieitian. Auto-program of diet building should help him in that and simplify the organization of dietotherapy.

Rationalisation of therapeutic diets in the Netherlands.

In 1976 a project was started by The Netherlands Education Bureau for Food and Nutrition to rationalise therapeutic diets and reorganise hospital catering departments. The first part of the work--rationalisation of therapeutic diets, including the introduction of a 'national dietetic instruction form'--is reported here.