Treatment of iron deficiency anemia with liposomal iron in inflammatory bowel disease: efficacy and impact on quality of life.

Background Anemia is a clinical condition frequently seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, which is responsible for a significant loss of quality of life. Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of using oral liposomal iron to treat iron deficiency anemia in inflammatory bowel disease patients, as well as assess the impact of this treatment on psychometric scores. Methods Patients with inactive/mildly active inflammatory bowel disease were screened for anemia in this interventional pilot study conducted from November 2016 to March 2018. Patients with mild anemia were treated with oral liposomal iron for 8 weeks. Main outcome measure The primary endpoint of the study was the response to liposomal oral iron therapy. Treatment response was defined as patients who achieved a hemoglobin increase of ≥ 1 g/dL and/or hemoglobin normalization by the 8th week of treatment. Results Out of 200 screened patients, 40 (20%) had anemia. Of the 21 patients who completed treatment, 13 (62%) responded to oral liposomal iron replacement therapy (mean increases of hemoglobin from 11.4 to 12.6 g/dL). The transferrin saturation index increased by an average of 10.2 (p = 0.006) and the quality of life by 26.3 (p < 0.0001). There was also a mean reduction of 9.2 in the perception of fatigue (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Treatment with oral liposomal iron is effective in improving mild iron deficiency anemia and quality of life, as well as in decreasing fatigue in patients with inactive or mildly active inflammatory bowel disease.

Fructo-oligosaccharides and iron bioavailability in anaemic rats: the effects on iron species distribution, ferroportin-1 expression, crypt bifurcation and crypt cell proliferation in the caecum.

The present study investigated the effects of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) on the bioavailability of Fe from ferric pyrophosphate (FP), a water-insoluble compound, in Fe-deficient anaemic rats that were subjected to a Hb repletion assay. Male Wistar rats (n 64) were fed adequate or low (8 mg/kg) Fe diets for 15 d followed by 1 or 2 weeks of Fe repletion with diets providing 35 mg Fe/kg as ferrous sulphate (FS), FP or FP that was mixed with 7·5% FOS in the form of yacon flour or Raftilose P95 (RAF), a purified source of FOS. The effects of FOS were observed within the 1st week of the repletion period. Fe bioavailability was improved by FOS supplementation, as measured by Hb regeneration efficiency and hepatic Fe stores, which were more pronounced in the RAF group. Moreover, RAF supplementation resulted in a higher biological value relative to that of the FP group. FOS supplementation resulted in caecal enlargement, in addition to acidification and Fe species redistribution in the caecal contents relative to the control rats. These effects occurred concomitantly with decreased ferroportin (FPN)-1 expression in the caecal mucosa, which was similar in magnitude to that observed in the FS group. Caecum mucosal morphometry was influenced by FOS supplementation, whereas crypt fission and cell proliferation were highest in the caecum of the RAF group. These results reinforce the effects of FOS as Fe bioavailability enhancers in anaemic rats that are sustained by early changes in their caecal environment (decreased mucosal FPN-1 expression and increased Fe absorbability, crypt fission and cellularity).

Efficacy of iron-fortified Ultra Rice in improving the iron status of women in Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Universal fortification of staple foods with iron has been widely promoted as a cost-effective strategy to reduce iron deficiency in developing-country populations. Nonetheless, relatively few efficacy trials have been reported to date to demonstrate impact on iron status. The Ultra Rice technology provides a means of delivering fortificant iron via rice. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of rice fortified with microencapsulated, micronized iron pyrophosphate to improve the iron status of women in Mexico in a randomized, controlled intervention trial. METHODS: Nonpregnant, nonlactating women 18 to 49 years of age were recruited from six factories. The women received a daily portion of cooked rice 5 days per week for a period of 6 months, before and after which iron status indicators were determined in venous blood samples. RESULTS: The average intake of iron from the fortificant was 13 mg/day. Mean plasma ferritin concentration and estimated body iron stores were significantly higher, and transferrin receptors were lower, in the iron-fortified rice group following the intervention. Mean hemoglobin concentration also increased in the treatment group, but the increase was significant only when the analysis was restricted to those with baseline hemoglobin < 12.8 g/dL. The absolute reduction in anemia and iron deficiency was 10.3 and 15.1 percentage points, respectively. Total iron intake from fortificant was a significant covariate of change in body iron stores. The overall prevalence of anemia was reduced by 80%. CONCLUSIONS: Fortification of rice with iron using this technology is an efficacious strategy for preventing iron deficiency.

In-vivo effects of fluoridated antiplaque dentifrice and bonding material on enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic appliances.

INTRODUCTION: The effect of a fluoridated antiplaque dentifrice on the development of caries lesions adjacent to dental appliances bonded with ionomeric material is unknown. METHODS: Fourteen orthodontic patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 7. One group brushed 3 times a day with a fluoridated dentifrice, and the other used an experimental antiplaque fluoridated formulation. Bracket bases were randomly bonded with either resin-modified glass ionomer cement or composite resin to the buccal surfaces of either the maxillary left or right premolars in each subject. The teeth were banded, leaving a space on the buccal surface to allow dental plaque accumulation. After 28 days of dentifrice use, the teeth were extracted, and mineral loss in the enamel adjacent to the bonded material was assessed by cross-sectional microhardness. RESULTS: Mineral loss in the enamel surrounding the bond with the resin-modified glass ionomer cement was lower (P <.05) than around the composite bond. Enamel demineralization was lower (P <.05) in subjects who used the experimental antiplaque fluoridated formulation than in those who used the fluoridated one. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that an antiplaque fluoridated dentifrice is superior to one that is only fluoridated for reducing enamel demineralization adjacent to dental material bonded with composite, but the effect seems irrelevant when bonding is done with the ionomeric material.

Efecto del tipo de grasa y el pirofosfato de sodio en la calidad química y sensorial de productos elaborados con carne de oveja / Effect of type of fat and sodium pirophosphate on the chemical and sensory characteristicas of lamb sausages

Se elaboraron y evaluaron embutidos con carne ovina utilizando grasa vegetal, lardo de Cerdo Pelón Mexicano y pirofosfato de sodio (PF). Se utilizaron 32 kg de carne de borrego: 12 kg para elaborar jamón cocido, realizando 2 tratamientos: El primero con PF y segundo sin PF; 20 kg para elaborar chorizo tipo español realizando 4 tratamientos: El primero con lardo de cerdo, el segundo con grasa vegetal, el tercero con lardo de cerdo con PF y el cuarto con grasa vegetal con PF. Se hicieron análisis químicos: pH, humedad, cenizas, proteína, fosfatos, grasa, nitritos. Entre los tratamientos con y sin pirofosfato no hubo diferencias significativas (P> 0.05) en el porcentaje de humedad, siendo mayor en los productos con lardo de cerdo. La evaluación sensorial de los productos con un panel de consumidores no mostró diferencias significativas (P> 0.05) entre los tratamientos