[Phoniatric outcomes of endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy in patients with transient bilateral vocal cord paralysis]. / Endoszkópos arytaenoid abdukciós lateropexia foniátriai eredményei átmeneti kétoldali gégebénulás esetén.

INTRODUCTION: Dyspnea caused by bilateral vocal cord paralysis often requires surgical intervention to prevent acute asphyxiation. The regeneration of the laryngeal nerves may last weeks or months and it is difficult to predict the outcome. In the past decades, several open and endoscopic surgical techniques have been introduced for treatment to avoid tracheostomy, however, these procedures with resection of the glottis resulted in irreversible changes in the laryngeal structure, thus the voice quality decreased over a long-term period. AIM: Endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy is an accepted reversible, minimally invasive technique that provides an immediate patent airway by the lateralisation of the arytenoid cartilage with a suture. The aim of our study was to analyze the phonatory and respiratory outcomes of this treatment concept. METHOD: Two patients suffering from bilateral vocal cord palsy were treated with endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy. After recovery of the vocal cord movements, the sutures were removed. Spirometric and phoniatric results of the two patients were analysed after suture removal. RESULTS: Good spirometric parameters and normal voice quality were detected in both cases. CONCLUSIONS: These results prove the high reversibility of the minimally invasive endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy. Lateralization suture can be removed in the case of vocal cord movement recovery, and phonation may be physiological. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(29): 1188-1192.

A new solution for neonatal bilateral vocal cord paralysis: Endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Bilateral vocal cord paralysis in early childhood is a life-threatening condition, which often requires immediate intervention. One of the treatment options is a quick, reversible simple suture vocal cord lateralizing technique, whereby the arytenoid cartilage is directly lateralized to the normal abducted position. Considering pediatric laryngeal anatomy, a small endolaryngeal thread guide instrument was designed for precise suture insertion. STUDY DESIGN: New instrument validation. METHODS: Four newborns had inspiratory stridor immediately after birth; two had to be intubated. Laryngotracheoscopy revealed bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Unilateral, left-sided endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy was performed with supraglottic jet ventilation on the 4th, 5th, 5th, and 27th day of life for the four patients, respectively. RESULTS: All babies remained intubated for 3 to 7 days with an uncuffed tracheal tube. After extubation, no dyspnea or swallowing disorder occurred. A subjective quality of life questionnaire, laryngotracheoscopy, clinical growth charts, and voice analysis showed satisfactory functional results. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive, quick, reversible endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy might be a more favorable solution for neonatal bilateral vocal cord paralysis than earlier treatment strategies. In one step, the airway can be maintained without the risk of any permanent damage to voice production. Good swallowing function is also preserved. The specially modified endolaryngeal thread guide instrument gives a fast and effective option for creating the lateralized arytenoid position even in the technically challenging surgical context of a neonate larynx. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 127:1608-1614, 2017.

Actualización en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tuberculosis pulmonar / Update on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis

La tuberculosis (TB) sigue siendo la enfermedad infecciosa humana más importante que existe. El diagnóstico actual de la TB sigue basándose en la presentación clínica, los hallazgos radiográficos y los resultados microbiológicos; todos ellos con problemas de sensibilidad o especificidad. Es por ello que el futuro más inmediato pasa por las técnicas microbiológicas rápidas moleculares, sobre todo el GeneXpert (más sensible que la baciloscopia y con capacidad de detectar resistencia a la rifampicina) y el GenoType. El tratamiento actual de la TB sigue siendo el mismo de 6 meses utilizado desde hace décadas. Los intentos por acortar este tratamiento están fracasando en la actualidad. En los últimos años se han descrito nuevos fármacos que podrían contribuir al tratamiento de la TB en un futuro cercano, y que ya se utilizan en la TB con multifarmacorresistencias (AU)

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most important human infectious disease. Currently, the TB diagnosis is still based on the clinical presentation, radiographic findings and microbiological results; all of which have sensitivity or specificity issues. For that reason, the immediate future involves rapid molecular microbiological techniques, in particular GeneXpert (which is more sensitive than bacilloscopy and is able to detect rifampicin resistance) and GenoType. The current six-month treatment for TB has remained unchanged for decades. Attempts to shorten this treatment have failed. In recent years, new drugs have been reported that could contribute to TB treatment in the near future, and are already being used in multi-drug-resistance TB (AU)

Contraste radiológico oral en la cavidad pleural / Oral radiological contrast in the pleural cavity

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Válvula Aortica bicúspide en un paciente con síndorme de Rubinstein-Taybi / Bicuspid aortic valve in a patient with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome

El síndrome de Rubinstein-Taybi es una enfermedad infrecuente que puede acompañarse de malformaciones cardiovasculares. Se presenta el caso de un paciente adulto con síndrome de Rubinstein-Taybi intervenido bajo circulación extracorpórea por presentar una válvula aórtica bicúspide

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is a rare disease that may be associated with cardiovascular malformations. We report the case of an adult patient with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome who underwent an open heart procedure due to a bicuspid aortic valve

[A case of rarely observed cause of congenital dyspnea]. / Rzadko obserwowana przyczyna wrodzonej dusznosci.

The authors describe a rare case of congenital dyspnoë caused by "pulmonary artery sling". They indicate a role of early diagnosis based on additional diagnostic investigation as bronchoscopy, bronchography and oesophagoradiography. Surgical correction of the vascular ring allows to maintain the child's life and gives possibility of normal further development.

Primary congenital pulmonary hypoplasia--genetic component to aetiology.

Primary congenital pulmonary hypoplasia, defined as congenital pulmonary hypoplasia occurring in the absence of other congenital anomalies, is an exceedingly rare condition of unknown aetiology. We report on two cases that presented as severe progressive respiratory failure immediately after birth in siblings of a consanguinous marriage, and we postulate that a genetic aetiology may be responsible for the arrest of lung maturation in utero. The possibility of a genetic component to the aetiology has not been previously documented in the literature.