Outcomes after non-operative management of perforated diverticular disease: a population-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The management of perforated diverticular disease has changed in the past 10 years with a move towards less surgical intervention. This population-based cohort study aimed to define the risk of death and readmission following non-operative management of perforated diverticular disease. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with perforated diverticular disease and managed without surgery were identified from the linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics data from 2000 to 2013. The outcomes were 1-year case fatality, readmissions, and surgery at readmission. RESULTS: In total, 880 patients with perforated diverticular disease were managed without surgery, comprising 523 women (59.4 per cent). The 1-year case fatality rate was 33.2 per cent (293 of 880). The majority of deaths occurred in the first 90 days after the index admission, with a 90-day case fatality rate of 28.8 per cent. The 90-day survival rate varied by age, and was 97.2 per cent among those aged less than 65 years, compared with 85.0 per cent for those aged between 65 and 74 years, and 47.7 per cent in those at least 75 years old. Of 767 patients discharged from hospital, 250 (32.6 per cent) were readmitted (47 elective, 6.1 per cent; 203 emergency, 26.5 per cent) during a median of 1.6 (i.q.r. 0.1-3.9) years of follow-up, with similar proportions in each age category. In the first year of follow-up, only 5.1 per cent of patients required surgery, of whom 16 of 767 (2.1 per cent) required elective and 23 (3.0 per cent) emergency operation. CONCLUSION: Non-operative management of perforated diverticulitis in those aged less than 65 years is feasible and safe. Reintervention rates following conservative management were low across all age categories.

Diverticular Disease Epidemiology: Rising Rates of Diverticular Disease Mortality Across Developing Nations.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of diverticular disease is growing in the Western world. However, the global burden of disease is unknown in the developing world. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the global burden of diverticular disease as measured by disease-specific mortality while identifying indicators of rising disease rates. DESIGN: We undertook an ecological analysis based on data from the World Health Organization Mortality Database. Then, we analyzed global age-adjusted mortality rates from diverticular disease and compared them to national rates of overweight adults, health expenditures, and dietary composition. SETTINGS: National vital statistics data were collected. PATIENTS: Diverticular disease deaths from January 1, 1994 through December 31, 2016 were evaluated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measured was the national age-adjusted mortality rate. RESULTS: The average age-adjusted mortality rate for diverticular disease was 0.51 ± 0.31/100,000 with a range of 0.11 to 1.75/100,000. During the study period, we noted that 57% of nations had increasing diverticular disease mortality rates, whereas only 7% had decreasing rates. More developed nations (40%) than developing nations (24%) were categorized as having high diverticular disease mortality burden over the time period of the study, and developed nations had higher percentages of overweight adults (58.9 ± 3.1%) than developing nations (50.6 ± 6.7%; p < 0.0001). However, developing nations revealed more rapid increases in diverticular disease mortality (0.027 ± 0.024/100,000 per year) than developed nations (0.005 ± 0.025/100,000 per year; p = 0.001), as well as faster expanding proportions of overweight adults (0.76 ± 0.12% per year) than in already developed nations (0.53 ± 0.10% per year; p<0.0001). LIMITATIONS: Ecological studies cannot define cause and effect. CONCLUSIONS: There is considerable variability in diverticular disease mortality across the globe. Developing nations were characterized by rapid increases in diverticular disease mortality and expanding percentages of overweight adults. Public health interventions in developing nations are needed to alter mortality rates from diverticular disease. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B397. EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DE LA ENFERMEDAD DIVERTICULAR: TASAS CRECIENTES DE MORTALIDAD POR ENFERMEDAD DIVERTICULAR EN LOS PAÍSES EN DESARROLLO: La incidencia de la enfermedad diverticular está creciendo en el mundo occidental. Sin embargo, la carga mundial de la enfermedad es desconocida en el mundo en desarrollo.Determinar la carga global de la enfermedad diverticular medida por la mortalidad específica de la enfermedad mientras se identifican los indicadores de aumento de las tasas de enfermedad.Realizamos un análisis ecológico basado en datos de la Base de datos de mortalidad de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Luego, analizamos las tasas globales de mortalidad ajustadas por edad por enfermedad diverticular y las comparamos con las tasas nacionales de adultos con sobrepeso, gastos de salud y composición dietética.Datos nacionales de estadísticas vitales.Muertes por enfermedades diverticulares desde el 1 de enero de 1994 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2016.Tasa nacional de mortalidad ajustada por edad.La tasa promedio de mortalidad ajustada por edad para la enfermedad diverticular fue de 0,51 ± 0,31 / 100,000 con un rango de 0,11 a 1,75 / 100,000. Durante el período de estudio, notamos que el 57% de las naciones tenían tasas crecientes de mortalidad por enfermedades diverticulares, mientras que solo el 7% tenían tasas decrecientes. Las naciones más desarrolladas (40%) que las naciones en desarrollo (24%) se clasificaron como que tienen una alta carga de mortalidad por enfermedad diverticular durante el período de tiempo del estudio, y las naciones desarrolladas tuvieron porcentajes más altos de adultos con sobrepeso (58.9 ± 3.1%) que las naciones en desarrollo (50,6 ± 6,7%) (p <0,0001). Sin embargo, las naciones en desarrollo revelaron aumentos más rápidos en la mortalidad por enfermedades diverticulares (0.027 ± 0.024 / 100,000 por año) que las naciones desarrolladas (0.005 ± 0.025 / 100,000 por año) (p = 0.001), así como proporciones de adultos con sobrepeso en expansión más rápida (0.76 ± 0.12% por año) que en las naciones ya desarrolladas (0.53 ± 0.10% por año) (p <0.0001).Los estudios ecológicos no pueden definir causa y efecto.Existe una considerable variabilidad en la mortalidad por enfermedad diverticular en todo el mundo. Los países en desarrollo se caracterizaron por un rápido aumento en la mortalidad por enfermedades diverticulares y porcentajes crecientes de adultos con sobrepeso. Se necesitan intervenciones de salud pública en los países en desarrollo para alterar las tasas de mortalidad por enfermedad diverticular. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B397.

The Effect of Carbazochrome Sodium Sulfonate in Patients with Colonic Diverticular Bleeding: Propensity Score Matching Analyses Using a Nationwide Inpatient Database.

Objective Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (CSS) has been routinely used to treat bleeding; however, no study has examined the effect of CSS for gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of CSS for colonic diverticular bleeding. Methods We performed a nationwide observational study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database. We identified patients who were admitted for diverticular bleeding from July 2010 to March 2018. Patients who received CSS on the day of admission were defined as the CSS group, and those not receiving CSS were defined as the control group. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, total costs, and blood transfusion within 7 days of admission. Propensity score matching analyses were performed to compare outcomes between the two groups. Results A total of 59,965 patients met our eligibility criteria. Of these, 14,437 (24%) patients received CSS on the day of admission. One-to-one propensity score matching created 14,379 matched pairs. There was no significant difference in the in-hospital mortality between the CSS and control groups (0.6% vs. 0.5%, respectively; odds ratio: 0.96; 95% confidence interval: 0.72-1.29). The length of stay was longer in the CSS group than in the control group (11.4 vs. 11.0 days, respectively; difference: 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.14-0.73). There were no significant differences in the total costs or the proportion of patients receiving blood transfusion between the groups. Conclusions CSS may not reduce in-hospital mortality, length of stay, total costs, or the need for blood transfusion in patients with colonic diverticular bleeding.