Educação em saúde como estratégia prestada por enfermeiros a pacientes com hipertensão na perspectiva dos cuidados primários / Health education as a strategy provided by nurses to patients with hypertension from the perspective of primary care / La educación sanitaria como estrategia proporcionada por enfermería a pacientes con hipertensión desde la perspectiva de la atención primaria

Objetivo: Descrever a importância do processo de educação em saúde reali- zado pelo enfermeiro aos pacientes hipertensos na atenção básica. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, onde foram utilizados artigos científicos identificados nas bases de dados: SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE. Um total de 4.427 estudos foram encon- trados, após o refinamento oito foram selecionados para compor a amostra. Resultados: A estratégia educativa em saúde tem grande efetivação no tratamento da HAS, visto que o enfermeiro vai conhecer o paciente e direcioná-lo ao tratamento adequado, monitorando seu estado de saúde e evitando possíveis agravos. Contudo, o abandono do tratamento pelo cliente é uma das maiores dificuldades enfrentadas pelo o enfermeiro. Além disso, desafios no contexto do processo de trabalho em equipe e barreiras relacionadas à estru- tura física nas unidades de saúde. Considerações finais: O enfermeiro exerce um papel importante dentro do contexto da hipertensão arterial. Trazendo a prática baseada em evi- dências como abordagem, garantindo adesão ao tratamento e o controle dos níveis pres- sóricos da HAS.

Objective: To describe the importance of the health education process carried out by nurses with hypertensive patients in primary care. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review, where scientific articles identified in the databases: SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE were used. A total of 4,427 studies were found, after refinement, eight were selected to compose the sample. Results: The health education strategy is highly effective in the treatment of SAH, as the nurse will get to know the patient and direct him to the appropriate treatment, monitoring his health status and avoiding possible injuries. However, abandonment of treatment by the client is one of the greatest difficulties faced by the nurse. In addition, challenges in the context of the teamwork process and barriers related to the physical structure in health units. Final considerations: Nurses play an important role within the context of arterial hypertension. Bringing evidence-based practice as an approach, ensuring adherence to treatment and control of blood pressure levels in SAH.

Objetivo: Describir la importancia del proceso de educación para la salud llevado a cabo por enfermeras con pacientes hipertensos en atención primaria. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica, donde los artículos científicos identificados en las bases de datos: SciELO, LILACS y MEDLINE. Fueron encontrados 4.427 estudios, después del refinamiento, ocho fueron seleccionados para componer la muestra. Resultados: La estrategia de educación sanitaria es altamente eficaz en el tratamiento de la HSA, ya que la enfermera conocerá al paciente y lo dirigirá al tratamiento adecuado, monitorizando su estado de salud y evitando posibles lesiones. Sin embargo, el abandono del tratamiento por parte del cliente es una de las mayores dificultades a las que se enfrenta la enfermera. Además, los desafíos en el contexto del proceso de trabajo en equipo y las barreras relacionadas con la estructura física en las unidades de salud. Consideraciones finales: Las enfermeras desempeñan un papel importante en el contexto de la hipertensión arterial. Traer la práctica basada en la evidencia como abordaje, garantizando la adherencia al tratamiento y el control de los niveles de presión arterial en la HTA.

Tutores y estudiantes de Enfermería con foco en Atención Primaria / Tutors and nursing students with focus on primary care

La Atención Primaria de Salud configura un área asistencial influenciada por la relación entre profesionales y usuarios, en la que distintas disciplinas, como enfermería, desarrollan su proceso de aprendizaje tanto en la enseñanza de grado como en la de posgrado y la formación especializada. En este contexto, los estudiantes son tutelados por profesionales que han ido desarrollando competencias docentes. Siguiendo esta línea argumental, este manuscrito pretende identificar las distintas tipologías de estudiantes de Enfermería y de tutores que desarrollan su competencia docente en los Centros de Atención Primaria (CAP). Con esta finalidad, invitamos al lector a conocer los hitos históricos y actuales que marcan los sistemas de aprendizaje e influyen en los perfiles de estudiantes y formadores (AU)

Primary Health Care sets up an area influenced by the relationship between professionals and users, in which different disciplines, such as nursing, develop their learning procedures both in graduate and postgraduate training. In this context, students are tutored by professionals who have developed teaching skills. Along these lines, this manuscript aims to identifying the different types of nursing students and tutors who develop their teaching skills in Primary Health Centers. To this purpose, we invite the reader to know the historical and current milestones that characterize teaching systems and influence learning profiles of students and teachers (AU)

Comparación de los conocimientos sobre dolor infantil en 2 poblaciones de profesionales de enfermería / Comparison between 2 groups of nursing professionals on the knowledge of pediatric pain

OBJETIVO: Comparar los conocimientos sobre dolor infantil entre un grupo de profesionales de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico y otro de un hospital general. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo basado en la utilización de un cuestionario validado para la valoración de los conocimientos y actitudes del personal de enfermería sobre el dolor pediátrico (Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain [PNKAS]). Se distribuyó el cuestionario entre el personal de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico y de un hospital general. RESULTADOS: La puntuación obtenida en el hospital pediátrico vs. hospital general fue: media, 51,7 vs. 47,2%, intervalo de confianza 95%: 47,5-56% vs. 43,6-50,8% (p = 0,098). CONCLUSIONES: No existió una mejor puntuación en el cuestionario PNKAS en la enfermería que trabaja exclusivamente con niños que en la enfermería que trabaja con población general. Resulta necesario mejorar la formación sobre el dolor pediátrico en la enfermería que atiende al niño enfermo hospitalizado

OBJECTIVE: To compare infant pain knowledge between a group of nurses who work in a pediatric hospital and one that works in a general hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study based on the use of a validated questionnaire for assessing the knowledge and attitudes of nurses about pediatric pain (Pediatric Nurses Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain [PNKAS]). PNKAS questionnaire was distributed to the nursing staff of a pediatric hospital and a general hospital and the results were compared. RESULTS: The average score obtained in the pediatric vs. the general hospital was: mean, 51.7% vs. 47.2%, 95% confidence interval, 47.5 to 56% vs. 43.6 to 50.8% (P = .098). CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences between the scores in the PNKAS questionnaire between nurses working exclusively with children and nurses working with general population. Training on pediatric pain needs to be improved in nurses caring for sick children

Technology combined with a counseling protocol to stimulate physical activity of chronically ill patients in primary care.

An iterative user-centered design method was used to develop and test mobile technology (the It's LiFe! tool/monitor) embedded in primary care, followed by a three months feasibility study with 20 patients and three nurses. The tool consists of an accelerometer that transfers data to an app on a Smartphone, which is subsequently connected to a server. Physical activity levels are measured in minutes per day compared to pre-set activity goals, which are set by patients in dialogue with nurses. Nurses can monitor patients' physical activity via a secured website. The counseling protocol is based on the Five A's model and consists of a limited number of behavior change consultations intertwined with interaction with and responses from the tool. The technology supports nurses when performing physical activity counseling. Provided that no connectivity problems occur, the It's LiFe! intervention is feasible, and its longitudinal effects will be tested in a cluster RCT.

Enhanced response using a multicomponent urine alarm treatment for nocturnal enuresis.

PURPOSE: The current study investigated the effects of using the combination of a urine alarm and simple reward system to treat nocturnal enuresis (NE) for three children who failed to fully respond to the urine alarm alone. DESIGN AND METHODS: A withdrawal design (i.e., ABACA) embedded within a delayed multiple baseline design across participants was used to evaluate the effects of the urine alarm alone and in combination with a reward system on participants' frequency of wet nights per week. Results were analyzed through visual and descriptive methods. RESULTS: The urine alarm in combination with a reward system resulted in improvements in all three participants' NE. These results are contrasted with the urine alarm alone, which produced less frequent dry nights. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nursing professionals in primary care settings are positioned to provide evidence-based treatment recommendations to families with children with NE. Findings from the current study provide a promising approach to the treatment of NE for those children who fail to respond fully to the urine alarm.

Veupap (valoración enfermera de la urgencia pediátrica en atención primaria). Diseño y validación preliminar / Design and preliminary validation of a tool for nursing assessment and classification for pediatric patients in primary health care emergency. «Veupap»

Objetivo: Diseño de un instrumento de valoración y clasificación enfermera para pacientes pediátricos en urgencias de atención primaria. Diseño: Revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva de sistemas de valoración y clasificación de pacientes urgentes, trabajo en grupos de expertos, creación del instrumento y prueba de su validez, fiabilidad y facilidad de uso en condiciones habituales de funcionamiento del servicio. Emplazamiento: Servicio de urgencias pediátrico Dr. Jaime Chaves. Tenerife. Islas Canarias. Participantes: Nueve enfermeras y nueve pediatras con formación y experiencia en la atención pediátrica de urgencias. Las pruebas de validez y fiabilidad se realizan sobre una muestra de 200 pacientes pediátricos que acudían solicitando atención al Servicio de Urgencias, previa solicitud de consentimiento informado. Intervenciones: Sesiones formativas, motivacionales y de consenso del grupo experto. Con los pacientes, las enfermeras aplican el instrumento de clasificación a prueba y los pediatras su método habitual de clasificación experta. Mediciones principales: Motivos de consulta, nivel de clasificación obtenido con el instrumento por dos enfermeras de forma independiente al ingreso, nivel de clasificación otorgado por el pediatra especialista al alta. Resultados: Versión definitiva del instrumento con los campos de valoración y documentos anexos. Las pruebas de validez arrojan una sensibilidad del 100% y una especificidad del 94% y una concordancia entre enfermera y pediatra del 83%, y las de fiabilidad un acuerdo entre enfermeras del 76% (p<0,001 en general). Conclusiones: El instrumento, denominado VEUPAP (Valoración Enfermera de la Urgencia Pediátrica en Atención Primaria), resulta válido, fiable, sencillo y útil para su aplicación en atención primaria (AU)

Objective: Design a tool for nursing assessment and classification for pediatric patients in primary care emergency. Design: Comprehensive literature review of systems of evaluation and classification of urgent patients, work in groups of experts, creation of the instrument and test its validity, reliability and ease of use in normal operation conditions of service. Location: Pediatric Emergency Department Dr. Jaime Chaves. Tenerife. Canary Islands. Participants: Nine nurses and nine pediatricians with training and experience in emergency pediatric care. The validity and reliability tests are performed on a sample of 200 pediatric patients who came calling attention to the emergency service alter request informed consent. Interventions: Training sessions, motivational and expert group consensus. Nurses apply the classification tool to test at patient entry and level of classification given by the pediatrician at discharge. Results: Final version of the instrument with the fields of assessment and related documents. Validity tests show a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 94% and a concordance between nurse and pediatric of 83% and reliability agreement among nurses of 76% (p <0.001 in all cases). Conclusions: The instrument, called VEUPAP (Nurse Pediatric Emergency Valuation in Primary Care), is valid, reliable, simple and useful for application in primary care (AU)