RESUMEN
El Streptococcus pyogenes o estreptococo B hemolítico Grupo A (EßHGA) suele ser una causa poco habitual de enfermedad invasiva en pediatría, la cual ha presentado un aumento en su incidencia en los últimos años. Se define como cualquier infección asociada al aislamiento de dicha bacteria de un sitio normalmente estéril y cuya presentación más frecuente es la bacteriemia. Los pacientes con EßHGA habitualmente se presentan con un sindrome febril asociado a manifestaciones clínicas relacionadas con el sitio primario de infección. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 10 años, sin comorbilidades, que desarrolló enfermedad invasiva por EßHGA con bacteriemia e impacto secundario de piel y partes blandas resultando en una celulitis de manos bilateral
Streptococcus pyogenes or Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is an infrequent cause of invasive disease in pediatrics. Its incidence has increased in the last few years. It is defined as any infection associated with the isolation of GAS in a normally sterile site and its most frequent presentation is bacteremia. Patients with GAS bacteremia usually present with a febrile syndrome associated with clinical manifestations related to the primary site of infection. We present the case of a previously healthy, 10-year-old patient, who developed an invasive disease due to GAS with bacteremia and secondary impact of skin and soft tissues that developed in bilateral cellulitis of the hands
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Niño , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Streptococcus pyogenes/aislamiento & purificación , Bacteriemia/diagnóstico , Celulitis/microbiología , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/terapia , Bacteriemia/terapia , Eritema/microbiología , Celulitis/diagnóstico , Celulitis/terapiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Red scrotum syndrome is typically described as well-demarcated erythema of the anterior scrotum accompanied by persistent itching and burning. It is chronic and difficult to treat and contributes to significant psychological distress and reduction in quality of life. The medical literature surrounding the condition is sparse, with the prevalence likely under-recognized and the pathophysiology remaining poorly understood. Formation of a cutaneous microbial biofilm has not been proposed as an underlying etiology. Microbial biofilms can form whenever microorganisms are suspended in fluid on a surface for a prolonged time and are becoming increasingly recognized as important contributors to medical disease (e.g., chronic wounds). CASE PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old man abruptly developed well-demarcated erythema of the bilateral scrotum after vaginal secretions were left covering the scrotum overnight. For 14 months, the patient experienced daily scrotal itching and burning while seeking care from multiple physicians and attempting numerous failed therapies. He eventually obtained complete symptomatic relief with the twice daily application of 0.8% menthol powder. Findings in support of a cutaneous microbial biofilm as the underlying etiology include: (1) the condition began following a typical scenario that would facilitate biofilm formation; (2) the demarcation of erythema precisely follows the scrotal hairline, suggesting that hair follicles acted as scaffolding during biofilm formation; (3) despite resolution of symptoms, the scrotal erythema has persisted, unchanged in boundary 15 years after the condition began; and (4) the erythematous skin demonstrates prolonged retention of gentian violet dye in comparison with adjacent unaffected skin, suggesting the presence of dye-avid material on the skin surface. CONCLUSION: The probability that microorganisms, under proper conditions, can form biofilm on intact skin is poorly recognized. This case presents a compelling argument for a cutaneous microbial biofilm as the underlying cause of red scrotum syndrome in one patient, and a review of similarities with other reported cases suggests the same etiology is likely responsible for a significant portion of the total disease burden. This etiology may also be a significant contributor to the disease burden of vulvodynia, a condition with many similarities to red scrotum syndrome.
Asunto(s)
Biopelículas , Eritema/patología , Escroto/patología , Administración Cutánea , Adulto , Antipruriginosos/administración & dosificación , Antipruriginosos/uso terapéutico , Eritema/tratamiento farmacológico , Eritema/microbiología , Folículo Piloso/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Mentol/administración & dosificación , Mentol/uso terapéutico , Escroto/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Eritema/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Nasales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Cutáneas Genéticas/diagnóstico , Tiña/diagnóstico , Preescolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eritema/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades Nasales/microbiología , Enfermedades Cutáneas Genéticas/microbiología , Tiña/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Candidiasis is an acute or subacute fungal infection caused by fungi that belongs to candida genus, with Candida albicansbeing the most frequent causative agent. Candida kefyr is a rare cause of candidiasis which has been reported in systemic candidiasis and deep infections. However, to date, it has never been reported as a cause in dermatophytosis. We report a case of candidiasis caused by Candida kefyr in a 72-year-old woman with a chief complaint of pruritic erythematous rash on the back from one day prior to admission. Diagnosis was established based on clinical features, direct microscopic examination with 10% potassium hydroxide solution, gram staining. The fungal species was determined by carbohydrate fermentation test which showed a positive result for Candida kefyr. The patient was treated with miconazole cream and fusidic cream and showed significant clinical improvement.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Candidiasis Cutánea/diagnóstico , Kluyveromyces/aislamiento & purificación , Anciano , Candidiasis Cutánea/tratamiento farmacológico , Candidiasis Cutánea/microbiología , Eritema/microbiología , Femenino , Ácido Fusídico/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Miconazol/administración & dosificación , Prurito/microbiología , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Dermatitis por Contacto/etiología , Eritema/tratamiento farmacológico , Mastoidectomía/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/tratamiento farmacológico , Povidona Yodada/efectos adversos , Administración Tópica , Adolescente , Enfermedad Crónica , Eritema/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Ilustración Médica , Otitis Media Supurativa/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/microbiología , Povidona Yodada/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
This retrospective study assessed the efficacy and safety of 1% topical clotrimazole cream for the treatment of patients with tinea cruris (TC).We included 86 patients with confirmed TC for the presence of fungal hyphae. Of those, 43 patients received 1% topical clotrimazole cream for a total of 4 consecutive weeks, and were assigned to an experimental group. The other 43 patients underwent 1% topical butenafine cream for a total of 2 consecutive weeks, and were allocated to a control group. The efficacy and safety were measured and analyzed after 4 weeks treatment.After treatment, patients in both groups achieved better improvements in erythema (Pâ<â.01), scaling (Pâ<â.01), itching (Pâ<â.01), and KOH-negative results (Pâ<â.01), compared with those in patients before the treatment. However, there were not significant differences in erythema (Pâ=â.61), scaling (Pâ=â.57), itching (Pâ=â.47), and KOH-negative results (Pâ=â.67) between 2 groups. In addition, no treatment-related adverse events were recorded in both groups.Both 1% topical clotrimazole and butenafine cream are found to be effective and safe for patients with TC. However, there is not significant difference in efficacy and safety between two groups.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Bencilaminas/uso terapéutico , Clotrimazol/uso terapéutico , Naftalenos/uso terapéutico , Tiña Cruris/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Cutánea , Adulto , Antifúngicos/efectos adversos , Bencilaminas/efectos adversos , Clotrimazol/efectos adversos , Eritema/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Naftalenos/efectos adversos , Prurito/microbiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Crema para la Piel/uso terapéutico , Tiña Cruris/complicaciones , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: analizar las características clínico-epidemiológicas de la dermatitis perianal por estreptococo betahemolítico del grupo A (SBHGA). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: serie de casos con recogida prospectiva de datos durante un periodo de ocho años en una consulta de Pediatría. RESULTADOS: se diagnosticaron 95 episodios (1/298 consultas) en 76 niños (varones/mujeres: 1,6/1). Edad media 4,5 años. Padecieron más de un episodio 13 pacientes con un total de 19 episodios sucesivos: 10 de ellos en un periodo inferior a 6 meses respecto al anterior (11% del total de episodios). Los motivos de consulta más frecuentes fueron: prurito, sangrado, dolor, estreñimiento y eritema perianal. El tratamiento se realizó por vía tópica en el 70% de los primeros episodios y combinado (tópico y sistémico) en el 68% de los sucesivos. Se constató un fracaso terapéutico inicial en tres episodios. La distribución estacional fue similar a la de faringoamigdalitis y escarlatinas por SBHGA diagnosticadas en el mismo periodo. CONCLUSIONES: cinco motivos de consulta (prurito, sangrado, dolor, estreñimiento y eritema perianal), solos o combinados, estuvieron presentes en el 92% de los episodios. En solo el 17% de los primeros episodios el eritema perianal fue motivo de consulta. Puede ser tenue, sus bordes no siempre son nítidos y en ocasiones asocia lesiones satélites
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: to analyse the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of perianal dermatitis cases caused by group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus (GABHS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: prospective case series with collection of data for a period of 8 years in an outpatient paediatrics clinic. RESULTS: there were 95 episodes (1/298 visits) diagnosed in 76 children (predominantly boys, 1.6/1). The mean age was 4.5 years. Thirteen patients had more than one episode, with a total of 19 recurrent episodes, 10 of them within 6 months of the previous episode (11% of the total number of episodes). The most frequent presenting complaints were itching, bleeding, pain, constipation and perianal erythema. Treatment was topical in 70% of the initial episodes, and combination therapy (topical and systemic) was used in 68% of recurrent episodes. The initial treatment failed in 3 cases. The seasonal case distribution was similar to that of pharyngotonsillitis and scarlet fever caused by GABHS in the same time period. CONCLUSIONS: five presenting complaints (itching, bleeding, pain, constipation and perianal erythema), alone or in combination, were present in 92% of the episodes. Perianal erythema was the presenting complaint in only 17% of the first episodes. Erythema can be faint and its borders are not always well demarcated, and may manifest with associated satellite lesions
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/epidemiología , Dermatitis/microbiología , Streptococcus agalactiae/aislamiento & purificación , Canal Anal/microbiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Eritema/microbiología , Prurito Anal/microbiologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Capnocytophagacanimorsus (C. canimorsus), a commensal Gram-negative bacillus found in the oral cavity of dogs and cats, is pathogenic for humans, with the most common clinical manifestations being septicemia, meningitis and endocarditis. Herein we report a case of CC bacteremia manifesting as multiple plaques of erythema annulare centrifugum associated with monoarthritis of the knee. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 66-year-old man consulted for a skin rash and monoarthritis of the right knee with fever following an insect bite on his right hallux. Cutaneous examination revealed numerous erythematous annular plaques on the trunk and limbs with centrifugal extension. Analysis of synovial fluid from the right knee showed an inflammatory liquid with a sterile bacteriological culture and PCR was negative for Borrelia. C. canimorsus bacteria were isolated from blood cultures. 16S RNA PCR performed on the synovial fluid was positive for the same organism. The patient's history revealed that his hallux wound had been licked by his dog. DISCUSSION: C. canimorsus most frequently affects immunosuppressed subjects. Cutaneous signs are seen in half of all cases, most frequently presenting as cellulitis, pathological livedo or thrombotic purpura. We report herein a case of CC bacteremia in an immunocompetent patient manifesting as multiple plaques of erythema annulare centrifugum, an unusual sign, and monoarthritis of one knee.
Asunto(s)
Artritis/microbiología , Bacteriemia/complicaciones , Capnocytophaga , Eritema/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/complicaciones , Articulación de la Rodilla , Enfermedades Cutáneas Genéticas/microbiología , Anciano , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/transmisión , Perros , Eritema/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades Cutáneas Genéticas/patologíaRESUMEN
Hemotropic mycoplasmas are common pathogens in animals, but it remains unclear what role these pathogens play in human infections. We report clinical and biologic characterization of Candidatus Mycoplasma haemohominis infection in a 42-year-old man in Japan. The patient had severe hemophagocytic syndrome 1 month after an accidental needlestick injury. Metagenomic deep sequencing identified Candidatus M. haemohominis and determined its draft genome for an isolate from serum of the patient. A high copy number of the Candidatus M. haemohominis genome was detected in serum and bone marrow samples. Electron microscopy examination showed morphologic characteristics of Candidatus M. haemohominis. Levofloxacin monotherapy induced resistance caused by a gyrase A gene mutation in the quinolone resistance-determining region, but a combination treatment with moxifloxacin and minocycline was effective. We identified Candidatus M. haemohominis in a patient who had life-threatening symptoms related to multiple organ infection. Human infection with this mycoplasma might occur more frequently than has been generally recognized.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Mycoplasma/microbiología , Mycoplasma , Adulto , Eritema/microbiología , Eritema/patología , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica , Mycoplasma/genética , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/epidemiología , Infecciones por Mycoplasma/patología , Prurito/microbiología , Prurito/patología , Piel/patologíaAsunto(s)
Acinetobacter baumannii/aislamiento & purificación , Edema/diagnóstico , Eritema/diagnóstico , Fiebre/diagnóstico , Cateterismo Uretral Intermitente/efectos adversos , Preescolar , Cistografía , Edema/microbiología , Eritema/microbiología , Femenino , Fiebre/microbiología , Humanos , Espacio Retroperitoneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Disrafia Espinal/complicaciones , Ombligo/microbiología , Vejiga Urinaria Neurogénica/etiología , Vejiga Urinaria Neurogénica/terapiaAsunto(s)
Edema/microbiología , Eritema/microbiología , Rotura/diagnóstico , Uraco/anomalías , Vejiga Urinaria/lesiones , Acinetobacter baumannii/aislamiento & purificación , Preescolar , Cistografía , Cistostomía , Edema/diagnóstico , Edema/cirugía , Eritema/diagnóstico , Eritema/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Cateterismo Uretral Intermitente/efectos adversos , Espacio Retroperitoneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Espacio Retroperitoneal/cirugía , Rotura/complicaciones , Rotura/microbiología , Disrafia Espinal/complicaciones , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ombligo/microbiología , Uraco/cirugía , Vejiga Urinaria/cirugía , Vejiga Urinaria Neurogénica/etiología , Vejiga Urinaria Neurogénica/terapiaRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Feohifomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Feohifomicosis/microbiología , Eritema/diagnóstico , Traumatismos de la Mano/diagnóstico , Alternaria/aislamiento & purificación , Biopsia , Cultivo de Sangre , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Eritema/etiología , Eritema/microbiología , Feohifomicosis/patología , Traumatismos de la Mano/microbiología , Traumatismos de la Mano/patologíaRESUMEN
Acellular dermal matrices have become a mandatory tool in reconstructive breast surgery. Since their introduction, they have been considered to be nonreactive and nonimmunogenic scaffolds. However, some patients who undergo implant-based breast reconstruction with acellular dermal matrices develop postoperative cutaneous erythema overlying their matrices, a condition commonly referred to as red breast syndrome. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of this phenomenon. An analysis was conducted on consecutive patients who underwent acellular dermal matrix- and implant-based breast reconstructions and developed red breast syndrome that was treated surgically between April of 2017 and June of 2018 at the authors' institution. During surgery, 1-cm specimens of acellular dermal matrix were sampled and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Observations were charted to score and record the presence and thickness of biofilm, and for identification of bacteria. These measurements were performed using Adobe Photoshop CS6 Extended software. Six postmastectomy breast reconstruction patients were included, all with AlloDerm Ready-to-Use-based reconstructions. All specimens were colonized by various bacteria ranging from Gram-negative bacilli to Gram-positive microorganisms. Biofilm was present in all studied specimens. The cause of skin erythema overlying acellular dermal matrix grafts, and the so-called red breast syndrome, may be related to contamination with various bacteria. Although contamination was omnipresent in analyzed samples, its clinical significance is variable. Even if acellular dermal matrix-based reconstructions are salvaged, this could come at the price of chronic local inflammation.
Asunto(s)
Dermis Acelular/efectos adversos , Implantación de Mama/efectos adversos , Eritema/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/microbiología , Adulto , Biopelículas , Implantes de Mama/efectos adversos , Neoplasias de la Mama/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Mastectomía/métodos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Eritema/sangre , Reaginas/sangre , Enfermedades Cutáneas Genéticas/sangre , Serodiagnóstico de la Sífilis/métodos , Sífilis/diagnóstico , Sexo Inseguro , Adulto , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eritema/microbiología , Humanos , Inyecciones Intramusculares , Masculino , Penicilina G Benzatina/administración & dosificación , Prurito/microbiología , Enfermedades Cutáneas Genéticas/microbiología , Sífilis/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical presentation, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic characteristics of carditis at the time of diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) over a 13-year period. STUDY DESIGN: A single-center retrospective chart analysis was conducted involving all consecutive patients diagnosed with ARF between 2003 and 2015. Patient age, sex, clinical characteristics, recent medical history for group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis and antibiotic treatment, and laboratory, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic findings were recorded. RESULTS: Of 98 patients (62 boys, mean age 8.81 ± 3.04 years), 59 (60.2%) reported a positive history of pharyngotonsillitis; 48 (49%) had received antibiotic (mean duration of treatment of 5.9 ± 3.1 days), and, among these, 28 (58.3%) had carditis. Carditis was the second most frequent finding, subclinical in 27% of patients. Mitral regurgitation was present in 49 of 56 patients (87.5%) and aortic regurgitation in 36/56 (64.3%) no stenosis was documented. CONCLUSIONS: ARF is still present in high-income countries and can develop despite primary prophylaxis, especially when given for a short course. Our findings highlight the need for 10 days of antistreptococcal treatment to prevent ARF. Echocardiography is important because 27% of cases with carditis were subclinical.
Asunto(s)
Miocarditis/diagnóstico , Miocarditis/epidemiología , Fiebre Reumática/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Artritis/microbiología , Bloqueo Atrioventricular/diagnóstico , Sedimentación Sanguínea , Niño , Preescolar , Corea/microbiología , Países Desarrollados , Ecocardiografía Doppler en Color , Electrocardiografía , Eritema/microbiología , Femenino , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Humanos , Italia/epidemiología , Masculino , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Mitral/diagnóstico por imagen , Faringitis/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fiebre Reumática/tratamiento farmacológico , Fiebre Reumática/epidemiología , Estaciones del Año , Tonsilitis/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Aspergilosis/patología , Dermatomicosis/patología , Enfermedades del Prematuro/microbiología , Anfotericina B/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Aspergilosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Edema/microbiología , Eritema/tratamiento farmacológico , Eritema/microbiología , Eritema/patología , Humanos , Recien Nacido Extremadamente Prematuro , Recién Nacido , Enfermedades del Prematuro/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , GemelosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate erythema and number of CFUs on the skin of dogs with hair clipped by use of 2 sizes of clipper blades. ANIMALS: 67 client-owned dogs receiving an epidural. PROCEDURES: Hair was clipped with a No. 10 blade (approx hair length, 1.5 mm) on one half and a No. 40 blade (approx hair length, 0.25 mm) on the other half of each epidural site. Skin was surgically scrubbed with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol. Samples were obtained immediately after clipping, after skin was scrubbed, and again 24 hours after clipping. Number of CFUs for both sides of the clipped areas, types of microorganisms, and growth on MacConkey agar were evaluated every 24 hours for 72 hours. Colonies were evaluated for bacterial morphology and Gram stain characteristics. Sites were evaluated 24 hours after clipping for evidence of erythema. RESULTS: 24 hours after hair was clipped, there was a significantly higher incidence of erythema and higher number of Micrococcaceae bacteria for the side clipped with the No. 40 blade than the side clipped with the No. 10 blade. Number of CFUs did not differ significantly between size of clipper blades. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clipping hair with a No. 40 blade resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of erythema and higher number of Micrococcaceae bacteria, compared with results for clipping with a No. 10 blade. These results supported use of a No. 10 clipper blade to prevent erythema and reduce variation in the skin microbiome.