Complications in the first 10 phacoemulsification cataract surgeries with and without prior simulator training / Complicações nas 10 primeiras cirurgias de catarata por facoemulsificação com e sem treinamento prévio em simulador

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate whether training medical residents with the Eyesi® cataract surgery simulator reduces the occurrence of intraoperative complications. Methods: This was a retrospective study in which the first 10 phacoemulsification surgeries performed by two groups of second-year ophthalmology residents were evaluated, during 2014 and 2015. The first Group consisted of seven residents from 2014 who had not had previous training with the simulator. The second Group was formed of seven residents in 2015, who had completed the C-level (intermediate) training with the simulator before beginning surgery on patients. We then compared these two groups regarding the frequency of occurrence of the four main intraoperative surgical complications: posterior capsule rupture, aphakia, and nucleus fragment dislocation into the vitreous, and extracapsular conversion. Results: A total of 140 surgeries were performed, 70 by Group 1 and 70 by Group 2. The total number of complications was 19 (27.14%) in Group 1 and nine (12.86%) in Group 2, and this reduction was significant (p=0.031). Fourteen (20%) surgeries in Group 1 and seven (10%) in Group 2 had complications. The complications were 13 posterior capsule ruptures (18.57%) in Group 1 and seven (10%) in Group 2; three eyes had nucleus fragment dislocations (4.29%) in Group 1, but only one (1.43%) in Group 2; two extracapsular conversions (2.86%) occurred in Group 1 and one (1.43%) in Group 2; and there was one aphakia (1.43%) in Group 1. Conclusions: The training with the Eyesi® cataract surgery simulator significantly reduced the total number of intraoperative complications in the first 10 phacoemulsification cataract surgeries performed by ophthalmology residents.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se o treinamento de residentes médicos com o simulador de cirurgia de catarata Eyesi® reduz a ocorrência de complicações intraoperatórias. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo em que foram avaliadas as primeiras 10 cirurgias de facoemulsificação realizadas por dois grupos de residentes de Oftalmologia do segundo ano, no período de 2014 a 2015. O primeiro Grupo foi formado por sete residentes de 2014 que não tiveram treinamento prévio no simulador. O segundo Grupo foi formado por sete residentes de 2015, que completaram o treinamento até o nível C (intermediário) no simulador antes de iniciar a cirurgia em pacientes. Em seguida, comparamos esses dois grupos em relação à frequência de ocorrência das quatro principais complicações cirúrgicas intraoperatórias: ruptura da cápsula posterior, afacia e deslocamento de fragmentos de núcleo para o vítreo e conversão para extracapsular. Resultados: Foram realizadas 140 cirurgias, sendo 70 pelo Grupo 1 e 70 pelo Grupo 2. O número total de complicações foi de 19 (27,14%) no Grupo 1 e nove (12,86%) no Grupo 2, e esta redução foi significativa (p=0,031). Quatorze (20%) cirurgias no Grupo 1 e sete (10%) no Grupo 2 tiveram complicações. As complicações foram 13 rupturas de cápsula posterior (18,57%) no Grupo 1 e sete (10%) no Grupo 2, três olhos com luxação de fragmento de núcleo para o vítreo (4,29%) no Grupo 1 e um (1,43%) no Grupo 2, duas conversões extracapsulares (2,86%) no Grupo 1 e uma (1,43%) no Grupo 2 e uma afacia (1,43%) no Grupo 1. Conclusões: O treinamento com o simulador de cirurgia de catarata Eyesi® reduziu significativamente o número total de complicações intraoperatórias nas primeiras 10 cirurgias de catarata por facoemulsificação realizadas por residentes de oftalmologia.

Complications in the first 10 phacoemulsification cataract surgeries with and without prior simulator training.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether training medical residents with the Eyesi® cataract surgery simulator reduces the occurrence of intraoperative complications. METHODS: This was a retrospective study in which the first 10 phacoemulsification surgeries performed by two groups of second-year ophthalmology residents were evaluated, during 2014 and 2015. The first Group consisted of seven residents from 2014 who had not had previous training with the simulator. The second Group was formed of seven residents in 2015, who had completed the C-level (intermediate) training with the simulator before beginning surgery on patients. We then compared these two groups regarding the frequency of occurrence of the four main intraoperative surgical complications: posterior capsule rupture, aphakia, and nucleus fragment dislocation into the vitreous, and extracapsular conversion. RESULTS: A total of 140 surgeries were performed, 70 by Group 1 and 70 by Group 2. The total number of complications was 19 (27.14%) in Group 1 and nine (12.86%) in Group 2, and this reduction was significant (p=0.031). Fourteen (20%) surgeries in Group 1 and seven (10%) in Group 2 had complications. The complications were 13 posterior capsule ruptures (18.57%) in Group 1 and seven (10%) in Group 2; three eyes had nucleus fragment dislocations (4.29%) in Group 1, but only one (1.43%) in Group 2; two extracapsular conversions (2.86%) occurred in Group 1 and one (1.43%) in Group 2; and there was one aphakia (1.43%) in Group 1. CONCLUSIONS: The training with the Eyesi® cataract surgery simulator significantly reduced the total number of intraoperative complications in the first 10 phacoemulsification cataract surgeries performed by ophthalmology residents.

Programa de ensino de facoemulsificação CBO/ALCON: resultados do Hospital de Olhos do Paraná / CBO/ALCON teaching method of phacoemulsification: results of Hospital de Olhos do Paraná

Objetivo: Analisar os resultados obtidos com a aplicação do programa de ensino de facoemulsificação CBO/ALCON no curso de especialização em oftalmologia do Hospital de Olhos do Paraná. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo analítico dos resultados das cirurgias de catarata realizadas pelo programa de ensino de facoemulsificação CBO/ALCON que utiliza o método "reverso" em pacientes provenientes do ambulatório do SUS do Hospital de Olhos do Paraná. O programa consta da progressão dos alunos por cinco etapas chamadas de "check points", sendo analisadas as intercorrências per-operatórias em cada um deles, bem como as pós-operatórias. Resultados: Do total de 84 olhos operados, 77 (91,67 por cento) apresentaram acuidade visual (AV) final de 20/40 ou melhor. Entre as intercorrências, a principal delas foi a rotura de cápsula posterior (RCP) e ocorreu em 11 (13,09 por cento) dos 13 (15,48 por cento) olhos que apresentaram algum tipo de complicação. Conclusão: O método "reverso" proposto para o ensino de facoemulsificação pelo programa CBO/ALCON se mostra uma forma de ensino adequada, para o médico residente e seu instrutor, e principalmente para o paciente, devido ao baixo índice de complicações.

Purpose: To analyze the results obtained with a new phacoemulsification teaching method in the specialization course of Hospital de Olhos do Paraná. Methods: A retrospective study evaluated the results of a "reversal" method used in the CBO/ALCON teaching program at the Hospital de Olhos do Paraná. The method is based on the student progression through five checkpoints starting from the end of the surgery towards the beginning and analysis of intra- and postoperative complications at each one of the checkpoints. Results: Of 84 operated eyes, 77 (91.67 percent) presented final visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Among the complications, the main one was the posterior capsular rupture and occurred in 11 (13.09 percent) of 13 (15.48 percent) eyes with complications. Conclusion: The "reversal" teatching method used in the CBO/ALCON teaching program is appropriate to the student, his instructor, as well as to the patient.

Senior resident phacoemulsification learning curve (corrected from cure).

PURPOSE: To analyse the outcomes of surgeries performed by senior residents during the learning curve related to intraoperative complications and staff interventions. METHODS: Prospective study of phacoemulsification surgeries performed by senior residents (3rd year) in the first three months of experience with this technique at the HC FMUSP. Intraoperative complications and requirement of staff interventions were measured. RESULTS: 261 surgeries were included. 30 cases of intraoperative complications were noted (11.54%). Major complications, that could affect surgical final results, as posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss, had an incidence rate of 8.05% and 6.13%, respectively. Surgery was converted to cataract extracapsular extraction in 3 cases and 2 cases required pars plana posterior vitrectomy. Staff intervention was required in 11 cases (4.22%), most of them on the first 40 surgeries. CONCLUSION: With proper training and supervision, senior residents can achieve an acceptable complication rate. Adequate supervision is crucial to guarantee, good surgical outcomes, specially on the first 40 cases, that presents greater complications rates.

Senior resident phacoemulsification learning cure / Curva de aprendizado do residente de terceiro ano em facoemulsificação

PURPOSE: To analyse the outcomes of surgeries performed by senior residents during the learning curve related to intraoperative complications and staff interventions. METHODS: Prospective study of phacoemulsification surgeries performed by senior residents (3rd year) in the first three months of experience with this technique at the HC FMUSP. Intraoperative complications and requirement of staff interventions were measured. RESULTS: 261 surgeries were included. 30 cases of intraoperative complications were noted (11.54 percent). Major complications, that could affect surgical final results, as posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss, had an incidence rate of 8.05 percent and 6.13 percent, respectively. Surgery was converted to cataract extracapsular extraction in 3 cases and 2 cases required pars plana posterior vitrectomy. Staff intervention was required in 11 cases (4.22 percent), most of them on the first 40 surgeries. CONCLUSION: With proper training and supervision, senior residents can achieve an acceptable complication rate. Adequate supervision is crucial to guarantee, good surgical outcomes, specially on the first 40 cases, that presents greater complications rates.

OBJETIVO: Analisar a curva de aprendizado dos residentes do 3º ano, com experiência prévia em microcirurgia e cirurgia intraocular, em facectomia por facoemulsificação relacionada às complicações peroperatórias e ao número de intervenções diretas do orientador. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada análise prospectiva de cirurgias de facectomia por facoemulsificação realizadas durante os três primeiros meses de treinamento do residente do 3º ano do HC FMUSP nesta técnica. Foram registradas as complicações ocorridas durante o ato operatório e a necessidade do orientador intervir diretamente na cirurgia. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídas 261 cirurgias. Destas, tiveram algum tipo de complicação peroperatória 30 cirurgias (11,54 por cento). Complicações mais graves, com potencial para prejudicar o resultado final da cirurgia, em especial rotura de cápsula posterior e perda vítrea, tiveram um índice de 8,05 por cento e 6,13 por cento, respectivamente. Houve necessidade de conversão para facectomia extracapsular em 3 cirurgias e de vitrectomia posterior em 2 casos. O orientador interveio diretamente na cirurgia em 11 ocasiões (4,22 por cento), concentradas em sua grande maioria nas 40 primeiras cirurgias. CONCLUSÃO: Com treinamento e supervisão adequados, taxas de complicações aceitáveis podem ser obtidas por residentes sênior no aprendizado da facoemulsificação. Adequada assistência é imprescindível para garantir o resultado das cirurgias especialmente na fase em que os residentes têm maiores taxas de complicação, correspondente às 40 primeiras cirurgias.

[CBO/ALCON teaching method of phacoemulsification: results of Hospital de Olhos do Paraná]. / Programa de ensino de facoemulsificação CBO/ALCON: resultados do Hospital de Olhos do Paraná

PURPOSE: To analyze the results obtained with a new phacoemulsification teaching method in the specialization course of Hospital de Olhos do Paraná. METHODS: A retrospective study evaluated the results of a "reversal" method used in the CBO/ALCON teaching program at the Hospital de Olhos do Paraná. The method is based on the student progression through five checkpoints starting from the end of the surgery towards the beginning and analysis of intra- and postoperative complications at each one of the checkpoints. RESULTS: Of 84 operated eyes, 77 (91.67%) presented final visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Among the complications, the main one was the posterior capsular rupture and occurred in 11 (13.09%) of 13 (15.48%) eyes with complications. CONCLUSION: The "reversal" teaching method used in the CBO/ALCON teaching program is appropriate to the student, his instructor, as well as to the patient.