Dengue Vaccine: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2021.

Dengue is a vectorborne infectious disease caused by dengue viruses (DENVs), which are predominantly transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitos. Dengue is caused by four closely related viruses (DENV-1-4), and a person can be infected with each serotype for a total of four infections during their lifetime. Areas where dengue is endemic in the United States and its territories and freely associated states include Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. This report summarizes the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for use of the Dengvaxia vaccine in the United States. The vaccine is a live-attenuated, chimeric tetravalent dengue vaccine built on a yellow fever 17D backbone. Dengvaxia is safe and effective in reducing dengue-related hospitalizations and severe dengue among persons who have had dengue infection in the past. Previous natural infection is important because Dengvaxia is associated with an increased risk for severe dengue in those who experience their first natural infection (i.e., primary infection) after vaccination. Dengvaxia was licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for use among children and adolescents aged 9-16 years (referred to in this report as children). ACIP recommends vaccination with Dengvaxia for children aged 9-16 having evidence of a previous dengue infection and living in areas where dengue is endemic. Evidence of previous dengue infection, such as detection of anti-DENV immunoglobulin G with a highly specific serodiagnostic test, will be required for eligible children before vaccination.

Yellow fever vaccination during treatment with infliximab in a patient with ulcerative colitis: A case report.

We report the case of a 59-year-old patient who accidentally underwent live vaccination against yellow fever during continuous treatment with the TNF-α-antibody (AB) infliximab for ulcerative colitis. The clinical course showed fever of short duration and elevation of liver enzymes without further clinical complications. Yellow fever viremia was not detectable and protective antibodies were developed. A primary vaccination against yellow fever under infliximab has not been reported in the literature before, although vaccination is an important topic in IBD. Live vaccinations, like Stamaril(®) against yellow fever, are contraindicated during TNF-α-AB treatment. Treatment regimens containing TNF-α-AB are of growing importance, not only in gastroenterology, but also in rheumatology and dermatology. We discuss this topic by presenting our case and reviewing the current literature.

Suspected YF-AND after yellow fever vaccination in Finland.

Yellow fever (YF) vaccine is considered safe but vaccine-associated complications have also been encountered. We report neurological symptoms after YF-vaccination in a previously healthy Finnish male. Other concomitant infections or causes for the symptoms could not be identified.

Vacunación en la fiebre amarilla / Vaccination in the yellow fever

Actualmente, la vacuna contra la fiebre amarilla es preparada exclusivamente con la cepa 17D del virus atenuado. Esta vacuna tiene un excelente registro de inocuidad y su poder inmunogénico es elevado. En el pasado se utilizó ampliamente en Africa la cepa "French neurotropic", desarrollada por el Instituto Pasteur de Dakar, a través de múltiples pases en cerebro de ratón. Entre 1940 y 1960 se aplicaron más de 80 millones de dosis por medio de escarificación; sin embargo, se comprobó que la vacuna ocasionaba encefalitis en una proporción pequeña, pero importante, de niños menores de 12 años. Esto dió por resultado que al inicio de la década de los 80 se interrumpiera su producción. Producción mundial de la vacuna: una encuesta realizada en la década de los años ochenta indicó que la producción mundial de la vacuna contra la fiebre amarilla se acercaba a los 19 millones de dosis por año, de las cuales aproximadamente 12 millones fueron producidas por la Fundación Oswaldo Cruz, Brasil. También se estimó que la reserva mundial de la vacuna era de 4.5 millones de dosis, cantidad considerada insuficiente para combatir epidemias extensas, o prevenir la propagación de las mismas a otras áreas. Actualmente hay once laboratorios aprobados por la OMS para la producción de vacunas contra la fiebre amarilla, dos de los cuales están situados en países del Continente Americano