Reacción sistémica y afectación mediastínica secundaria a rotura de implante protésico de mama / Systemic reaction and mediastinal involvement secondary to breast implant rupture

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Penis swelling due to foreign body reaction after injection of silicone.

A 19-year-old man presented with phimosis and painful swelling of the penis four weeks after augmentation with silicone in Thailand. Histology revealed a foreign body reaction to silicone. Infectious causes were ruled out. Granulomatous foreign body reactions to silicone are common, but there are few case reports on reactions following silicone injection for penis enlargement. Foreign body reactions should be included in the differential diagnosis of penis swelling.

Pneumonitis caused by silicone gel following breast implant rupture.

INTRODUCTION: There have been reports of pneumonitis associated with subcutaneous injection of liquid silicone, and of other pulmonary conditions due to cohesive silicone gel prostheses, but we know of no previous cases of pneumonitis associated with silicone gel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report the case of a patient with a cohesive silicone gel mammary prosthesis in whom silicone-induced pneumonitis was diagnosed following radiological observation of pulmonary infiltrates and tests including transbronchial biopsy, which revealed the presence of silicone in alveolar histiocytes and small blood vessels. CONCLUSION: Following removal of the ruptured prosthesis and a course of systemic corticoids, the patient progressed favourably.

Assessment of autoimmunity-inducing potential using the brown Norway rat challenge model.

The development of autoimmune disease in humans is thought to occur as a result of the interactions of a genetic predisposition of the host and environmental factors. There is evidence that treatment with certain drugs and exposure to environmental toxicants increase the risk associated with the development and severity of autoimmune disease. When exposed to certain chemicals, Brown Norway (BN) rats develop autoimmune disease similar to human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) characterized by elevation of antibody levels to self and non-self antigens which can result in the formation of immune complexes and lead to a fatal glomerulonephritis. A unique characteristic of the BN rat model is that the increase in IgE is self-limiting with levels eventually returning to normal. The objective of these studies was to determine if the BN rat and the self-limiting nature of the IgE response could be used in identifying compounds capable of initiating autoimmune responses. Two compounds known to produce autoimmunity, mercuric chloride and D-penicillamine, were studied as were, trichloroethylene and silicone gel, two agents suspected of inducing autoimmune disease. The results indicated that the BN rat model may prove useful for detecting compounds with the potential to produce autoimmunity, particularly if a HgCl(2) challenge is incorporated into the evaluation.

Common commercial cosmetic products induce arthritis in the DA rat.

Many different agents, including mineral oil and silicone, have the capacity to act as immunological adjuvants, i.e., they can contribute to the activation of the immune system. Some adjuvants, including mineral oil, are known to induce arthritis in certain strains of rats after intradermal injection or percutaneous application. The aim of this study was to determine if common commercial cosmetic products containing mineral oil could induce arthritis in the highly susceptible DA (Dark Agouti) rat. Intradermal injection of five out of eight assayed cosmetic products without further additives resulted in arthritis with synovitis. One of the products induced a very aggressive arthritis, which had declined after 5-9 weeks. When this product was also assayed for arthritogenicity upon percutaneous administration, it induced a mild and transient arthritis in 5 out of 10 DA rats, whereas control animals showed no clinical signs of joint involvement. No arthritic reaction was seen in rats after peroral feeding with the most arthritogenic product or by intravaginal application of Freund's adjuvants. Silicone gel implants in DA rats did not cause arthritis. We conclude that mineral oils included in common commercially available products retain their adjuvant properties and are arthritogenic in the presently investigated arthritis-prone rat strain. There is yet no evidence that mineral oils present in cosmetics may contribute to arthritis in humans, but we suggest that this question should be subject to further investigation.