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1.
PLoS One ; 14(6): e0218472, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31211801

RESUMEN

Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, responsible for sporadic cases of acute hepatitis E worldwide. Primate models have proven to be an essential tool for the study of HEV pathogenesis. Here we describe the outcomes of HEV infection in Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus) inoculated experimentally with genotype 3. Eight adult cynomolgus macaques were inoculated intravenously with HEV-3 viral particles isolated from swine and human samples. Liver, spleen, duodenum, gallbladder and bile were sequential assessed up to the end-point of this study, 67 days post-inoculation (dpi). Our previously published findings showed that biochemical parameters return gradually to baseline levels at 55 dpi, whereas anti-HEV IgM and HEV RNA become undetectable in the serum and feces of all animals, indicating a non-viremic phase of recovery. Nevertheless, at a later stage during convalescence (67 dpi), the presence of HEV-3 RNA and antigen persist in central organs, even after peripheral viral clearance. Our results show that two cynomolgus inoculated with swine HEV-3 (animals I3 and O1) presented persistence of HEV RNA low titers in liver, gallbladder and bile. At this same stage of infection, HEV antigen (HEV Ag) could be detected in all infected animals, predominantly in non-reactive Kupffer cells (CD68+iNOS-) and sinusoidal lining cells. Simultaneously, CD4+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD8+ immune cells were identified in hepatic sinusoids and small inflammatory clusters of lobular mononuclear cells, at the end-point of this study. Inability of HEV clearance in humans can result in chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, with subsequent liver failure requiring transplantation. The results of our study support the persistence of HEV-3 during convalescence at 67 dpi, with active immune response in NHP. We alert to the inherent risk of viral transmission through liver transplantation, even in the absence of clinical and biochemical signs of acute infection. Thus, besides checking conventional serological markers of HEV infection, we strongly recommend HEV-3 RNA and antigen detection in liver explants as public health measure to prevent donor-recipient transmission and spread of hepatitis E.


Asunto(s)
Virus de la Hepatitis E/genética , Hepatitis E/genética , Hígado/virología , Macaca fascicularis/virología , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Duodeno/patología , Duodeno/virología , Heces/virología , Vesícula Biliar/patología , Vesícula Biliar/virología , Genotipo , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/genética , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/inmunología , Hepatitis E/inmunología , Hepatitis E/patología , Hepatitis E/virología , Virus de la Hepatitis E/inmunología , Virus de la Hepatitis E/patogenicidad , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Macaca fascicularis/inmunología , Tejido Parenquimatoso/patología , Tejido Parenquimatoso/virología , Bazo/patología , Bazo/virología , Porcinos/virología , Virión/genética , Virión/inmunología , Virión/patogenicidad
2.
Rev. GASTROHNUP ; 12(2, Supl.1): S25-S30, mayo-ago. 2010. graf
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-645160

RESUMEN

La hepatitis E, conocida previamente como hepatitis no A, no B, de transmisión enteral, es una infección causada por el virus de la hepatitis E (VHE), cuyas características clínicas y epidemiológicas son las de una hepatitis aguda. Pertenece a la familia Hepaviridae. El VHE setransmite principalmente por la vía fecal-oral, la mayoría de las epidemias se pueden asociar conbrotes que tienen su origen en el agua, alta densidad de población y deficientes condiciones sanitarias. El cuadro clínico es el de una hepatitis aguda típica, sin embargo, tiene un amplio espectro de presentación clínica. Es común encontrar marcadores serológicos para VHE positivos en niños con hepatitis viral aguda por otros virus hepatótropos, especialmente el virus B y C. El diagnóstico de infección por VHE se puede hacer por detección serológica y/o molecular. La teórica viabilidad de una vacuna frente alVHEestá basada en diversas evidencias.


Hepatitis E, formerly known as hepatitis non A, non B, enteral transmission, is an infection causedby the hepatitis E virus (HEV), clinical and epidemiological characteristics are those of acute hepatitis. Hepaviridae belongs to the family. HEV is transmitted primarily through fecal-oral route,most outbreaks have been associated with outbreaks that have their origin in water, high population density and poor sanitation. The clinical picture is that of a typical acute hepatitis, however, has a broad spectrum of clinical presentation. Commonly found positive for HEV serological markers in children with acute viral hepatitis other hepatotropic viruses, especially viruses B and C. The diagnosis of HEV infectionan be done by serological detection and/or molecular. The theoretical feasibility of a vaccineagainstHEVis based on different evidence.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Hepatitis E/clasificación , Hepatitis E/complicaciones , Hepatitis E/diagnóstico , Hepatitis E/epidemiología , Hepatitis E/microbiología , Hepatitis E/patología , Hepatitis E/prevención & control , Hepatitis E/virología , Contaminación del Agua/efectos adversos , Contaminación del Agua/prevención & control , Serología/métodos , Serología/organización & administración
3.
Ann Hepatol ; 8(3): 203-6, 2009.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19841498

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence, demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with acute viral hepatitis E in Montenegro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 400 patients with acute viral hepatitis from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2007 were enrolled in the study. Serological tests for hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex viruses were performed. Standard laboratory tests for liver function were analyzed. The results are presented as absolute numbers, mean +/- SD, range of values, and percent. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Twenty-four (6%) patients had clinically and/or serologically confirmed acute hepatitis E. The mean age of the patients was 25 +/- 6 years; 62.5% were males. The majority of the patients (66%) belonged to the 20 to 40 yrs age group (P < 0.05). Seven patients were asymptomatic. Foremost symptoms were loss of appetite (100%), fatigue (94%) and vomiting (75%). The most frequent clinical sign was mild to moderate liver enlargement (94%). Jaundice had 12/17 symptomatic patients. Elevation of alanine aminotransferase was found in 19 patients including two patients without symptoms. The enzyme, gamma glutamyltranspeptidase was increased in all patients. CONCLUSION: Acute hepatitis E in Montenegro emerges as an autochthonous infection with a low incidence. Sub-clinical and anicteric infections may occur. Elevation of gamma glutamyltranspeptidase is an important parameter of the biochemical profile of the disease.


Asunto(s)
Hepatitis E/epidemiología , Hepatitis E/patología , Hígado/patología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Alanina Transaminasa/metabolismo , Niño , Fatiga/etiología , Femenino , Hepatitis E/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Montenegro/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Vómitos/etiología , Adulto Joven , gamma-Glutamiltransferasa/metabolismo
5.
Microbes Infect ; 4(6): 657-66, 2002 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12048035

RESUMEN

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus with icosahedral symmetry. Although it is related to the alpha-virus superfamily, the HEV is classified as a separate Hepatitis E-like viruses genus. Infection in humans occurs in sporadic and epidemic forms and can cause an acute, self-limited, icteric hepatitis. Recent studies indicate the existence of a reservoir in animals.


Asunto(s)
Virus de la Hepatitis E , Hepatitis E , Adolescente , Adulto , África/epidemiología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Asia/epidemiología , ADN Viral/genética , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Femenino , Hepatitis E/epidemiología , Hepatitis E/inmunología , Hepatitis E/patología , Virus de la Hepatitis E/genética , Virus de la Hepatitis E/inmunología , Humanos , México/epidemiología , Filogenia , Embarazo , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos
6.
Hepatology ; 30(1): 289-93, 1999 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10385669

RESUMEN

In a 4-year follow-up study, patients with acute sporadic non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis were evaluated to determine the etiology and natural history of the disease. Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) was detected in 13 of 43 (30%) of patients, anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG in 5 (12%), and 25 (58%) were considered non-A-E. The HCV RNA was detected in all HCV patients but none of the non-A-E cases. The initial clinical and biochemical presentation of the HCV and non-A-E cases was quite similar, although 2 of the non-A-E patients had severe disease. The 5 patients who were found to be anti-HEV IgG-reactive recovered within 6 months of follow-up. Of the 13 HCV cases, alanine transaminase (ALT) levels returned to normal in 7 (53. 8%), while 6 (46.2%) continued to show abnormal ALT after 6 months of follow-up. However, 9 (69.2%) of them remained HCV-RNA-positive, denoting virological/biochemical dissociation. Long-term follow-up showed a reappearance of HCV RNA in 2 of the 4 patients who were in virological remission performing 84% of chronicity rate. Acute non-A-E hepatitis patients were less likely to evolve toward chronicity, as compared with acute HCV cases (16% vs. 84%; P =.0001). Only 4 (16%) of the non-A-E patients were hepatitis G virus (HGV)-RNA-positive. Concerning risk factors for acquiring parenterally transmitted viruses, tattooing was the only one that could be associated with HCV transmission (P =.002). No risk factors could be identified for putative non-A-E virus transmission. Liver biopsies performed for chronic HCV patients showed a variable degree of inflammation, while the non-A-E patients presented less severe histological disease.


Asunto(s)
Hepatitis C/fisiopatología , Hepatitis C/transmisión , Hepatitis E/fisiopatología , Hepatitis E/transmisión , Hepatitis Viral Humana/fisiopatología , Hepatitis Viral Humana/transmisión , Enfermedad Aguda , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Bilirrubina/sangre , Brasil , Femenino , Flaviviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hepacivirus/aislamiento & purificación , Hepatitis C/patología , Hepatitis E/patología , Virus de la Hepatitis E/aislamiento & purificación , Hepatitis Viral Humana/patología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inflamación , Hígado/patología , Masculino , ARN Viral/sangre , Valores de Referencia , Factores de Riesgo
7.
Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol ; 60(3): 199-204, 1995.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8728750

RESUMEN

The extreme severity of hepatitis E in the pregnant patient results a high maternal and fetal mortality in fulminating acute hepatitis. We present a clinical case of a 19 years old primigesta, 29 weeks pregnant, diagnosted as suffering from Acute Fulminating Hepatitis non A non B, probably E. The fetus died and liver transplant was contemplated for the patient due to the severity of disease. Liver transplant could not be carried out for lack of a suitable donor. The patient died 16 days after admission. The pathology report showed massive hepatic necrosis and terminal shock.


Asunto(s)
Hepatitis E/complicaciones , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/etiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Hepatitis E/sangre , Hepatitis E/patología , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Embarazo , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/sangre , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/patología , Tercer Trimestre del Embarazo
8.
In. Silva, Luiz Caetano da. Hepatites agudas e crônicas. São Paulo, Sarvier, 1986. p.147-153, tab, graf.
Monografía en Portugués | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: biblio-1070176
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